{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415129940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17101706","title":"Research on Multi-Level Monitoring Architecture Pattern of Cloud-Based Safety Computing Platform","display_name":"Research on Multi-Level Monitoring Architecture Pattern of Cloud-Based Safety Computing Platform","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415129940","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17101706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17101706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17101706","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/10/1706/pdf?version=1760165742","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/10/1706/pdf?version=1760165742","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100390943","display_name":"Lei Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-5177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067159527","display_name":"B Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bokai Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9483-219X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102030960","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3023-3027"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054557661","display_name":"Qiang Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8190-5586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100931060","display_name":"Yixiong Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6507939","display_name":"China United Network Communications Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/028w99c90","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixiong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Unicom Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100032, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Unicom Digital Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100032, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6507939"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102030960"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39078051,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"10","first_page":"1706","last_page":"1706"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9462000131607056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9462000131607056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9424999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9398000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6664999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-architecture","display_name":"Software architecture","score":0.5454000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.4700999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-monitoring","display_name":"Safety monitoring","score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-architecture","display_name":"Reference architecture","score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.38580000400543213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.71670001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6664999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.5454000234603882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4700999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.4693000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4327000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777488183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6900510","display_name":"Safety monitoring","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55356503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2136675","display_name":"Reference architecture","level":4,"score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31139447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380386","display_name":"Enterprise information security architecture","level":2,"score":0.3711000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.3490000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190839683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2448197","display_name":"Train","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55627697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7572175","display_name":"Space-based architecture","level":5,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193309","display_name":"Applications architecture","level":4,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77290126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283128","display_name":"Distributed System Security Architecture","level":5,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148493468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2646951","display_name":"Functional safety","level":2,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558632462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788172","display_name":"Autonomic computing","level":3,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526921623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190117","display_name":"Automotive industry","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17101706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17101706","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/10/1706/pdf?version=1760165742","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17101706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17101706","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/10/1706/pdf?version=1760165742","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6258336109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2469211","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415129940.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415129940.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009862630","https://openalex.org/W2029071019","https://openalex.org/W2620294429","https://openalex.org/W2811491964","https://openalex.org/W2928717702","https://openalex.org/W2979412135","https://openalex.org/W3035785102","https://openalex.org/W3045864943","https://openalex.org/W3097404137","https://openalex.org/W3180771093","https://openalex.org/W3200069532","https://openalex.org/W4387695363","https://openalex.org/W4388193534","https://openalex.org/W4408696329"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"rail":[1,240],"transit":[2,241],"systems":[3,52],"advance":[4],"toward":[5],"greater":[6],"automation":[7],"and":[8,17,126,181,190,227,234],"intelligence,":[9],"cloud":[10,35,66],"computing":[11,36,67,107],"technology,":[12],"with":[13,57,196],"its":[14,26],"remarkable":[15],"scalability":[16],"robust":[18,224],"data":[19],"processing":[20],"capabilities,":[21],"has":[22,155],"been":[23],"steadily":[24],"expanding":[25],"footprint":[27],"in":[28,49,65,85,208,216],"this":[29,92],"domain.":[30],"However,":[31],"the":[32,63,74,80,86,102,113,119,122,127,134,157,178,183,191,201,204,210,217,231,237],"adoption":[33],"of":[34,82,104,136,148,159,203,212,236],"also":[37],"introduces":[38],"new":[39],"safety":[40,47,106,129],"challenges":[41],"for":[42,152,230],"train":[43,50],"control":[44,51,154],"systems.":[45,242],"Traditional":[46],"computers":[48],"rely":[53],"on":[54,163,177],"heterogeneous":[55],"redundancy":[56],"symmetry":[58],"to":[59,101],"enhance":[60],"safety.":[61],"Nevertheless,":[62],"software":[64,138,161,214],"environments,":[68],"even":[69],"if":[70],"heterogeneous,":[71],"may":[72],"share":[73],"same":[75],"source":[76],"code,":[77],"thereby":[78],"triggering":[79],"risk":[81,153,211],"common-cause":[83,137,160,213],"failures":[84,139,162,215],"software.":[87],"To":[88],"address":[89],"these":[90],"issues,":[91],"study":[93,221],"proposes":[94],"a":[95,168,223],"multi-level":[96,149],"monitoring":[97,115,151,194,206],"architecture":[98,110,116,195,207],"system":[99,164],"tailored":[100],"characteristics":[103],"cloud-based":[105],"platforms.":[108],"This":[109,199,220],"innovatively":[111],"integrates":[112],"three-level":[114],"pattern":[117],"from":[118],"automotive":[120],"field,":[121],"secure":[123],"channel":[124],"pattern,":[125],"distributed":[128],"mechanism":[130],"architecture.":[131],"It":[132],"monitors":[133],"levels":[135],"that":[140],"cannot":[141],"be":[142],"eliminated":[143],"through":[144],"heterogeneity.":[145],"The":[146],"introduction":[147],"active":[150],"reduced":[156],"impact":[158],"security.":[165],"By":[166],"constructing":[167],"formal":[169],"security":[170],"model,":[171],"quantitative":[172],"evaluations":[173],"are":[174],"conducted":[175],"separately":[176],"single-channel":[179],"L2":[180],"L3,":[182],"dual-channel":[184,192],"L4":[185,193],"without":[186],"degradation":[187],"or":[188],"monitoring,":[189],"complete":[197],"functions.":[198],"verifies":[200],"effectiveness":[202],"proposed":[205],"reducing":[209],"virtualization":[218],"layer.":[219],"provides":[222],"theoretical":[225],"foundation":[226],"technical":[228],"support":[229],"security-oriented":[232],"design":[233],"development":[235],"next-generation":[238],"intelligent":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-14T00:00:00"}