{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413286625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081347","title":"Numerical\u2013ANN Framework for Thermal Analysis of MHD Water-Based Prandtl Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet Using Bvp4c","display_name":"Numerical\u2013ANN Framework for Thermal Analysis of MHD Water-Based Prandtl Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet Using Bvp4c","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413286625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081347"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17081347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/8/1347/pdf?version=1755509160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/8/1347/pdf?version=1755509160","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102886045","display_name":"Syed Asif Ali Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7092-970X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Asif Ali Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Modern Mechanics, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","Jinhua Hangda Beidou Applied Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321004, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Modern Mechanics, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinhua Hangda Beidou Applied Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321004, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002532291","display_name":"Fehaid Salem Alshammari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3110-414X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fehaid Salem Alshammari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Ridyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Ridyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015320687","display_name":"Muhammad Fawad Malik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194348271","display_name":"Government College University, Faisalabad","ror":"https://ror.org/051zgra59","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fawad Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009439137","display_name":"Saima Batool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1983-2638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saira Batool","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Integrated Mountain Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Integrated Mountain Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015320687"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194348271"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":2.7003,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90427381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"8","first_page":"1347","last_page":"1347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11751","display_name":"Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Studies","score":0.977400004863739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.9491490125656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prandtl-number","display_name":"Prandtl number","score":0.8476512432098389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetohydrodynamics","display_name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","score":0.6764821410179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.6302623152732849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.5282948017120361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.46299323439598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.4213623106479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4142625629901886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.2551078498363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.13049986958503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.10572430491447449}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.9491490125656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72687893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815306","display_name":"Prandtl number","level":3,"score":0.8476512432098389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31532427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2549249","display_name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","level":3,"score":0.6764821410179138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6302623152732849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5282948017120361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.46299323439598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.4213623106479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4142625629901886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2551078498363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.13049986958503723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.10572430491447449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17081347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/8/1347/pdf?version=1755509160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17081347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17081347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/8/1347/pdf?version=1755509160","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1053352659","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IMSIU-DDRSP2503","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325415","funder_display_name":"Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325415","display_name":"Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413286625.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413286625.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2804377842","https://openalex.org/W2976567142","https://openalex.org/W3040365830","https://openalex.org/W3094858401","https://openalex.org/W3116455005","https://openalex.org/W3116830935","https://openalex.org/W3172218358","https://openalex.org/W3187114319","https://openalex.org/W3192022872","https://openalex.org/W3215532857","https://openalex.org/W4225089252","https://openalex.org/W4284893332","https://openalex.org/W4284958874","https://openalex.org/W4293152458","https://openalex.org/W4297200579","https://openalex.org/W4310725297","https://openalex.org/W4310818406","https://openalex.org/W4312123291","https://openalex.org/W4386473112","https://openalex.org/W4389334313","https://openalex.org/W4390273856","https://openalex.org/W4390651599","https://openalex.org/W4392245725","https://openalex.org/W4396799269","https://openalex.org/W4399098831","https://openalex.org/W4400391416","https://openalex.org/W4400675166","https://openalex.org/W4401656017","https://openalex.org/W4401701179","https://openalex.org/W4402746409","https://openalex.org/W4402943292","https://openalex.org/W4407196303","https://openalex.org/W4407941481","https://openalex.org/W4411715485","https://openalex.org/W6768089472","https://openalex.org/W6871287710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886903305","https://openalex.org/W2754636322","https://openalex.org/W3150003624","https://openalex.org/W1938556690","https://openalex.org/W2809186558","https://openalex.org/W3005225185","https://openalex.org/W4387013174","https://openalex.org/W4384501983","https://openalex.org/W4383373906","https://openalex.org/W3005940776"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,96,107,139,154,166],"main":[1],"goal":[2],"of":[3,16,87,109,131],"this":[4],"study":[5,43,199],"is":[6,72,99,126,156],"to":[7,35,102,208,216],"create":[8],"a":[9,50,84,136,187],"computational":[10],"solver":[11,98],"that":[12,128],"analyzes":[13],"the":[14,37,62,104,113,129,132,144],"effects":[15,108],"magnetohydrodynamics":[17],"(MHD)":[18],"on":[19,46,112],"heat":[20,47,192],"radiation":[21,67],"in":[22,195],"Cu\u2013water-based":[23],"Prandtl":[24,133],"nanofluid":[25],"flow":[26,210],"using":[27,74],"artificial":[28],"neural":[29],"networks.":[30],"Copper":[31],"nanoparticles":[32],"are":[33,80,123,148],"utilized":[34],"boost":[36],"water-based":[38],"fluid\u2019s":[39],"thermal":[40,66],"effect.":[41],"This":[42,183,198],"primarily":[44],"focuses":[45],"transfer":[48],"over":[49],"horizontal":[51],"sheet,":[52],"exploring":[53],"different":[54],"scenarios":[55],"by":[56,150],"varying":[57],"key":[58],"factors":[59],"such":[60],"as":[61],"magnetic":[63],"field":[64],"and":[65,118,143,163,173,205,212,215],"properties.":[68],"mathematical":[70],"model":[71,168],"formulated":[73],"partial":[75],"differential":[76,89],"equations":[77,90],"(PDEs),":[78],"which":[79],"then":[81,100],"transformed":[82],"into":[83,158],"corresponding":[85],"set":[86],"ordinary":[88],"(ODEs)":[91],"through":[92],"appropriate":[93],"similarity":[94],"transformations.":[95],"bvp4c":[97],"used":[101],"simulate":[103],"numerical":[105,181],"behavior.":[106],"relevant":[110],"parameters":[111,130],"temperature,":[114],"velocity,":[115],"skin":[116,141,171],"friction,":[117],"local":[119,140,145],"Nusselt":[120,146,174],"number":[121,147,175],"profiles":[122],"examined.":[124],"It":[125],"discovered":[127],"fluid":[134],"have":[135],"considerable":[137],"impact.":[138],"friction":[142,172],"improved":[149],"increasing":[151],"these":[152],"parameters.":[153],"dataset":[155],"split":[157],"70%":[159],"training,":[160],"15%":[161,164],"validation,":[162],"testing.":[165],"ANN":[167],"successfully":[169],"predicts":[170],"profiles,":[176],"showing":[177],"good":[178],"agreement":[179],"with":[180],"simulations.":[182],"hybrid":[184],"framework":[185],"offers":[186],"robust":[188],"predictive":[189,219],"approach":[190],"for":[191,203],"management":[193],"systems":[194],"industrial":[196],"applications.":[197],"provides":[200],"important":[201],"insights":[202],"researchers":[204],"engineers":[206],"aiming":[207],"comprehend":[209],"characteristics":[211],"their":[213],"behavior":[214],"develop":[217],"accurate":[218],"models.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
