{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410894141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17060853","title":"Robust Load Frequency Control in Hybrid Microgrids Using Type-3 Fuzzy Logic Under Stochastic Variations","display_name":"Robust Load Frequency Control in Hybrid Microgrids Using Type-3 Fuzzy Logic Under Stochastic Variations","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410894141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17060853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17060853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17060853","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/6/853/pdf?version=1748608265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/6/853/pdf?version=1748608265","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092943777","display_name":"\u0130smail T\u00fcrk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0686-6769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123466251","display_name":"Dicle University","ror":"https://ror.org/0257dtg16","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u0130smail T\u00fcrk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbak\u0131r 21280, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbak\u0131r 21280, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046558133","display_name":"Heybet K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-0886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123466251","display_name":"Dicle University","ror":"https://ror.org/0257dtg16","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heybet K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electric Power and Energy System, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbakir 21280, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6119-0886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electric Power and Energy System, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbakir 21280, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050793994","display_name":"Cem Haydaro\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0830-5530"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123466251","display_name":"Dicle University","ror":"https://ror.org/0257dtg16","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cem Haydaro\u011flu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbak\u0131r 21280, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0830-5530","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Dicle University, Sur, Diyarbak\u0131r 21280, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123466251"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009534210","display_name":"Ahmet Top","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-2119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143396566","display_name":"F\u0131rat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05teb7b63","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmet Top","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Technology Faculty, F\u0131rat University, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23100, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-2119","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Technology Faculty, F\u0131rat University, Elaz\u0131\u011f 23100, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009534210"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143396566"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":4.4057,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95191563,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"6","first_page":"853","last_page":"853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.685843825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6652238965034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-frequency-control","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","score":0.5133518576622009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type","display_name":"Type (biology)","score":0.5052629113197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4380338490009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4185423254966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3847268223762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.155458003282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.10557588934898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.062268078327178955}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.685843825340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6652238965034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.5133518576622009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5052629113197327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4380338490009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4185423254966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3847268223762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.155458003282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10557588934898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.062268078327178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17060853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17060853","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/6/853/pdf?version=1748608265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17060853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17060853","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/6/853/pdf?version=1748608265","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410894141.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410894141.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999558720","https://openalex.org/W2185055608","https://openalex.org/W2530447810","https://openalex.org/W2598510796","https://openalex.org/W2749059409","https://openalex.org/W2766679489","https://openalex.org/W2911795220","https://openalex.org/W2918415958","https://openalex.org/W2969287162","https://openalex.org/W3038399622","https://openalex.org/W3087302461","https://openalex.org/W3109196907","https://openalex.org/W3155988191","https://openalex.org/W3168123006","https://openalex.org/W3195983096","https://openalex.org/W3199842881","https://openalex.org/W3205516620","https://openalex.org/W3210581583","https://openalex.org/W4206404787","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4213209645","https://openalex.org/W4220757690","https://openalex.org/W4223903927","https://openalex.org/W4225793545","https://openalex.org/W4283640265","https://openalex.org/W4313546637","https://openalex.org/W4319921244","https://openalex.org/W4363674208","https://openalex.org/W4367299061","https://openalex.org/W4377021267","https://openalex.org/W4385240964","https://openalex.org/W4386219908","https://openalex.org/W4386934779","https://openalex.org/W4391016103","https://openalex.org/W4391070263","https://openalex.org/W4391100346","https://openalex.org/W4393238978","https://openalex.org/W4393343146","https://openalex.org/W4395034872","https://openalex.org/W4395661397","https://openalex.org/W4400904264","https://openalex.org/W4401510512","https://openalex.org/W4402842101","https://openalex.org/W4402862885","https://openalex.org/W4402983942","https://openalex.org/W4403602912","https://openalex.org/W4404114965","https://openalex.org/W4404145671","https://openalex.org/W4404238607","https://openalex.org/W4404698766","https://openalex.org/W4406430761","https://openalex.org/W4406506234","https://openalex.org/W6784227907"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982160337","https://openalex.org/W1971380437","https://openalex.org/W1983548084","https://openalex.org/W2141691317","https://openalex.org/W2110846987","https://openalex.org/W2160609742","https://openalex.org/W1997414638","https://openalex.org/W2031091109","https://openalex.org/W2049254832","https://openalex.org/W2383436541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3],"type-3":[4],"fuzzy":[5],"logic":[6],"(T3-FL)-based":[7],"controller":[8,49,92],"for":[9],"Load":[10],"Frequency":[11],"Control":[12],"(LFC)":[13],"in":[14,66],"microgrids,":[15],"focusing":[16],"on":[17],"addressing":[18],"the":[19,90,95],"challenges":[20],"of":[21,27,56],"renewable":[22,28,67],"energy":[23],"integration.":[24],"The":[25,46,73],"integration":[26],"sources":[29],"such":[30],"as":[31],"wind":[32],"and":[33,39,59,70,82],"solar":[34],"leads":[35],"to":[36,63,79],"power":[37,68],"fluctuations":[38,102],"frequency":[40,84,101],"deviations":[41],"that":[42,89],"compromise":[43],"system":[44],"stability.":[45],"proposed":[47],"T3-FL":[48,91],"incorporates":[50],"advanced":[51],"features":[52],"like":[53],"online":[54],"adaptation":[55],"membership":[57],"functions":[58],"enhanced":[60],"computational":[61],"capacity":[62],"manage":[64],"uncertainties":[65],"generation":[69],"load":[71],"variations.":[72],"design":[74],"principles":[75],"prioritize":[76],"robustness,":[77],"adaptability":[78],"stochastic":[80],"variations,":[81],"effective":[83],"stabilization.":[85],"Simulation":[86],"results":[87],"demonstrate":[88],"significantly":[93],"improves":[94],"microgrid\u2019s":[96],"stability":[97],"by":[98],"efficiently":[99],"mitigating":[100],"across":[103],"multiple":[104],"dynamic":[105],"scenarios.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}