{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409197140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040552","title":"Target Enclosing Control of Symmetric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarms Based on Crowd Entropy","display_name":"Target Enclosing Control of Symmetric Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarms Based on Crowd Entropy","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409197140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040552","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/552/pdf?version=1743754572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/552/pdf?version=1743754572","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100459942","display_name":"Juan Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6102-0334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Construction Technology, Harbin 150025, China","School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Heilongjiang Institute of Construction Technology, Harbin 150025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058591580","display_name":"Yunping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5477-1810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013028743","display_name":"Liang Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-7306"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Warship Command, Dalian Naval Academy\u2019 PLA, Dalian 116018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Warship Command, Dalian Naval Academy\u2019 PLA, Dalian 116018, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089503219","display_name":"Tianyu Niu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103082780","display_name":"Zhiliang Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6263-0679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiliang Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics & Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054551633","display_name":"Huijuan Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-6870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103733","display_name":"Shandong Xiehe University","ror":"https://ror.org/01bx4e159","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering Science, Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan 250109, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering Science, Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan 250109, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103733"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058591580","https://openalex.org/A5100459942"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I4210161462"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06176864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"552","last_page":"552"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5700218677520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4731482267379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4311860501766205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24076208472251892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5700218677520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4731482267379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4311860501766205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24076208472251892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040552","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/552/pdf?version=1743754572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040552","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040552","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/552/pdf?version=1743754572","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7885268931","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51875293","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321605","display_name":"Government of Jiangsu Province","ror":"https://ror.org/004svx814"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409197140.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409197140.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994380564","https://openalex.org/W2055483905","https://openalex.org/W2736202704","https://openalex.org/W2884236119","https://openalex.org/W3033271745","https://openalex.org/W3091037752","https://openalex.org/W3105902712","https://openalex.org/W3119182912","https://openalex.org/W3167419264","https://openalex.org/W4205915008","https://openalex.org/W4221117492","https://openalex.org/W4226094091","https://openalex.org/W4282970004","https://openalex.org/W4283725715","https://openalex.org/W4300961060","https://openalex.org/W4309628636","https://openalex.org/W4316506832","https://openalex.org/W4364322927","https://openalex.org/W4394622769","https://openalex.org/W6848893552"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Drone":[0],"swarms":[1,104],"often":[2],"need":[3],"to":[4,42,60,75,141],"fly":[5],"cooperatively":[6],"in":[7],"complex":[8],"spaces":[9],"filled":[10],"with":[11],"multiple":[12],"obstacles.":[13],"In":[14],"such":[15,44],"scenarios,":[16],"they":[17],"must":[18],"meet":[19],"the":[20,65,83,91,100,143,146],"requirements":[21],"of":[22,54,69,102,129,145],"both":[23],"external":[24],"obstacle":[25],"avoidance":[26,30],"and":[27,48,71,149],"internal":[28],"collision":[29],"while":[31],"maintaining":[32],"a":[33,94,120],"certain":[34],"topological":[35],"configuration":[36],"among":[37],"individuals.":[38],"This":[39,116],"easily":[40],"leads":[41],"problems":[43],"as":[45,90,119],"congestion,":[46],"oscillation,":[47],"poor":[49],"stability,":[50,63],"including":[51],"being":[52],"out":[53],"control.":[55],"Thus,":[56],"it":[57],"is":[58,105],"essential":[59],"measure":[61],"system-wide":[62],"regulate":[64],"autonomous":[66],"cooperative":[67],"evolution":[68],"swarms,":[70],"enhance":[72],"their":[73],"adaptation":[74],"environmental":[76],"changes.":[77],"To":[78],"solve":[79],"this":[80],"problem,":[81],"using":[82],"symmetric":[84],"unmanned":[85],"aerial":[86],"vehicle":[87],"(UAV)":[88],"swarm":[89,131],"research":[92],"object,":[93],"group":[95,113],"entropy":[96],"measurement":[97],"theory":[98,148],"for":[99,112,123],"stability":[101],"drone":[103,130],"proposed.":[106],"We":[107],"introduce":[108],"an":[109],"entropy-based":[110],"metric":[111,117],"motion":[114],"consistency.":[115],"serves":[118],"fitness":[121],"index":[122],"individual":[124],"collaboration,":[125],"enabling":[126],"adaptive":[127],"adjustment":[128],"coherence":[132],"under":[133],"multi-obstacle":[134],"conditions.":[135],"Finally,":[136],"simulation":[137],"experiments":[138],"are":[139],"conducted":[140],"verify":[142],"effectiveness":[144],"established":[147],"algorithm.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}