{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409002062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040525","title":"IM-GNN: Microservice Orchestration Recommendation via Interface-Matched Dependency Graphs and Graph Neural Networks","display_name":"IM-GNN: Microservice Orchestration Recommendation via Interface-Matched Dependency Graphs and Graph Neural Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409002062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040525"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/525/pdf?version=1743407206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/525/pdf?version=1743407206","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059537723","display_name":"Taiyin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-8884"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taiyin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5055-8884","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039200178","display_name":"Tian Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1655-5249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101488513","display_name":"Yudong Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0501-2038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yudong Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101935924","display_name":"Yi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0005-9201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0005-9201","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Intelligent Collaborative Computing, School of Information and Software Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101935924"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":2.0599,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86647964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"4","first_page":"525","last_page":"525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7561216354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-graph","display_name":"Dependency graph","score":0.5707089304924011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orchestration","display_name":"Orchestration","score":0.5677105188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5416995882987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4546700716018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.28369224071502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25034356117248535}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7561216354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16311509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4148050","display_name":"Dependency graph","level":3,"score":0.5707089304924011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.5677105188369751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5416995882987976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4546700716018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.28369224071502686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25034356117248535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558565934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2743","display_name":"Musical","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/525/pdf?version=1743407206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17040525","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17040525","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/4/525/pdf?version=1743407206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409002062.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680797894","https://openalex.org/W2295739661","https://openalex.org/W2509235963","https://openalex.org/W2604662567","https://openalex.org/W2963367478","https://openalex.org/W2997261254","https://openalex.org/W3028772300","https://openalex.org/W3153896882","https://openalex.org/W4205373269","https://openalex.org/W4205390421","https://openalex.org/W4210883108","https://openalex.org/W4255359843","https://openalex.org/W4281692252","https://openalex.org/W4285131467","https://openalex.org/W4320018458","https://openalex.org/W4392043199","https://openalex.org/W4394589830","https://openalex.org/W4394994587","https://openalex.org/W4398186328","https://openalex.org/W4402088209","https://openalex.org/W4404035960","https://openalex.org/W4405726371","https://openalex.org/W4407190856","https://openalex.org/W4408121604","https://openalex.org/W6808053946","https://openalex.org/W6849435545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327631927","https://openalex.org/W2093568763","https://openalex.org/W1985166372","https://openalex.org/W2003096546","https://openalex.org/W2430210575","https://openalex.org/W4289354592","https://openalex.org/W2165069859","https://openalex.org/W2099112646","https://openalex.org/W2626477053","https://openalex.org/W2342550845"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Microservice":[0],"workflow":[1,195],"orchestration":[2,57,136,184,209],"recommendation":[3,124,151],"aims":[4],"to":[5,45,69,80,134,154],"streamline":[6],"business":[7],"process":[8],"construction":[9,163],"by":[10,77],"suggesting":[11],"relevant":[12],"microservices,":[13,31],"yet":[14],"existing":[15],"methods":[16,55],"relying":[17],"on":[18,114,139],"functional":[19],"similarity":[20],"in":[21,90,203],"dependency":[22,48,111,180],"graphs":[23,27],"prove":[24],"inadequate.":[25],"Traditional":[26],"cluster":[28],"functionally":[29],"analogous":[30],"neglecting":[32],"execution-order":[33],"dependencies":[34,206],"critical":[35],"for":[36,189],"orchestration.":[37],"This":[38,174],"paper":[39],"introduces":[40],"a":[41,63,120,187],"novel":[42],"interface-matching-based":[43],"approach":[44,106],"construct":[46],"microservice":[47,74,91,128,194],"graphs,":[49],"addressing":[50],"the":[51,86,108,146,160,165,177,199],"incompatibility":[52],"of":[53,110,201],"current":[54],"with":[56,193],"scenarios.":[58],"The":[59],"proposed":[60],"method":[61],"leverages":[62],"TF-WF-IDF":[64],"algorithm":[65],"and":[66,95,100,130,142,168,183,207],"language":[67],"models":[68],"extract":[70],"input\u2013output":[71],"representations":[72],"from":[73],"documentation,":[75],"followed":[76],"interface-matching":[78],"algorithms":[79],"establish":[81],"call":[82],"dependencies.":[83],"By":[84],"capturing":[85],"inherent":[87],"structural":[88],"symmetry":[89,202],"interactions,":[92],"where":[93],"balanced":[94],"reciprocal":[96],"relationships":[97],"between":[98,179],"inputs":[99],"outputs":[101],"guide":[102],"service":[103,205],"connectivity,":[104],"our":[105],"enhances":[107],"fidelity":[109],"graphs.":[112],"Building":[113],"this":[115],"graph,":[116],"we":[117],"present":[118],"IM-GNN,":[119],"graph":[121,162,181],"neural":[122],"network-based":[123],"model":[125],"that":[126],"generates":[127],"embeddings":[129],"computes":[131],"node":[132],"similarities":[133],"recommend":[135],"candidates.":[137],"Experiments":[138],"Amazon\u2019s":[140],"SageMaker":[141],"Comprehend":[143],"datasets":[144],"validate":[145],"model\u2019s":[147],"effectiveness,":[148],"demonstrating":[149],"superior":[150],"accuracy":[152],"compared":[153],"traditional":[155],"methods.":[156],"Key":[157],"contributions":[158],"include":[159],"interface-driven":[161],"framework,":[164],"IM-GNN":[166],"model,":[167],"empirical":[169],"insights":[170],"into":[171],"hyperparameter":[172],"impacts.":[173],"work":[175],"bridges":[176],"gap":[178],"quality":[182],"needs,":[185],"offering":[186],"foundation":[188],"integrating":[190],"deep":[191],"learning":[192],"design":[196],"while":[197],"highlighting":[198],"role":[200],"structuring":[204],"optimizing":[208],"patterns.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}