{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407842608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030326","title":"Application of Symmetric Neural Networks for Bead Geometry Determination in Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)","display_name":"Application of Symmetric Neural Networks for Bead Geometry Determination in Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407842608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17030326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030326","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/3/326/pdf?version=1740145457","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/3/326/pdf?version=1740145457","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093692049","display_name":"Aitor Fern\u00e1ndez-Zabalza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8567-7101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aitor Fern\u00e1ndez-Zabalza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048081842","display_name":"Fernando Veiga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9311-8635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Veiga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043219319","display_name":"Alfredo Su\u00e1rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5181-1060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091170","display_name":"Euskadiko Parke Teknologikoa","ror":"https://ror.org/00caq9197","country_code":"ES","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091170"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Su\u00e1rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Cient\u00edfico, Parque Cient\u00edfico Tecnol\u00f3gico de Gipuzkoa, E20009 Saint Sebastian, Spain","TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Cient\u00edfico, Parque Cient\u00edfico Tecnol\u00f3gico de Gipuzkoa, E20009 Saint Sebastian and Pamplone, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Cient\u00edfico, Parque Cient\u00edfico Tecnol\u00f3gico de Gipuzkoa, E20009 Saint Sebastian, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Cient\u00edfico, Parque Cient\u00edfico Tecnol\u00f3gico de Gipuzkoa, E20009 Saint Sebastian and Pamplone, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065231349","display_name":"Virginia Uralde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4120-7038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Virginia Uralde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009850198","display_name":"Xabier Sand\u00faa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-4784"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xabier Sandua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028426492","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 R. Alfaro-Lopez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-1018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","display_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02z0cah89","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ram\u00f3n Alfaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Public University of Navarre, Los Pinos Building, Campus Arrosad\u00eda, E31006 Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048081842"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":4.7317,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93988236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"326","last_page":"326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10705","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10188","display_name":"Advanced machining processes and optimization","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bead","display_name":"Bead","score":0.844453752040863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arc","display_name":"Arc (geometry)","score":0.7897945642471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.5766271948814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.548551619052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3968075215816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37362271547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29644477367401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29558783769607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.1538275182247162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14099058508872986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109386097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053956","display_name":"Bead","level":2,"score":0.844453752040863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83415579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161973","display_name":"Arc (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.7897945642471313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.5766271948814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.548551619052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3968075215816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37362271547317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29644477367401123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29558783769607544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.1538275182247162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14099058508872986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17030326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030326","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/3/326/pdf?version=1740145457","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:academica-e.unavarra.es:2454/53568","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2454/53568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402560","display_name":"Academica-e (Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I175051016","host_organization_name":"Universidad Publica de Navarra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175051016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dsp.tecnalia.com:11556/5774","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11556/5774","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402037","display_name":"TECNALIA Publications (Fundaci\u00f3n TECNALIA Research & Innovation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210113430","host_organization_name":"Tecnalia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113430"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17030326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030326","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/3/326/pdf?version=1740145457","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G121809054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1320060331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1598597440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/5011000110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1643949827","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1839716950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2262748287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2309174360","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2775606140","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2969783435","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G300979063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3219925899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3250484376","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3480869486","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4017095837","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4126322094","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080475149","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5421974903","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5499608741","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5548620101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5550858994","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G569822155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/5011000110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6047238096","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PLEC2024-011165","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6558061132","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G661330594","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"00110","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6685425346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6779418066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.13039/50110001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7084143925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7186414377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7266728691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7535663061","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AEI/10.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7643708868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8055432103","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8260616629","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8352492595","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"0.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8638682022","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"10.13039/50110001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8853601691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8872346354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407842608.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4407842608.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982514318","https://openalex.org/W2085961917","https://openalex.org/W2887955127","https://openalex.org/W2898540017","https://openalex.org/W2903668752","https://openalex.org/W2915105540","https://openalex.org/W2969465333","https://openalex.org/W3027884565","https://openalex.org/W3040384738","https://openalex.org/W3048977620","https://openalex.org/W3063823338","https://openalex.org/W3082029963","https://openalex.org/W3083576486","https://openalex.org/W3180227312","https://openalex.org/W4200598166","https://openalex.org/W4293737556","https://openalex.org/W4294233705","https://openalex.org/W4315752278","https://openalex.org/W4319751427","https://openalex.org/W4362465858","https://openalex.org/W4367624230","https://openalex.org/W4380083539","https://openalex.org/W4385759414","https://openalex.org/W4388918109","https://openalex.org/W4389281864","https://openalex.org/W4400683387","https://openalex.org/W4401168500","https://openalex.org/W4402282818","https://openalex.org/W4402772633","https://openalex.org/W4402930386","https://openalex.org/W4403250859","https://openalex.org/W4404586001","https://openalex.org/W6752712669","https://openalex.org/W6758270407","https://openalex.org/W7039201915"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W2271181815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,109],"accurate":[1],"prediction":[2,126],"of":[3,15,25,44,69,79,95,111,120],"weld":[4,45,106],"bead":[5,107],"geometry":[6],"is":[7],"crucial":[8],"for":[9],"ensuring":[10],"the":[11,40,51,67,75,92,96,99,118],"quality":[12],"and":[13,17,42,57,77,90,114,132],"consistency":[14],"wire":[16],"arc":[18,32],"additive":[19],"manufacturing":[20],"(WAAM),":[21],"a":[22],"specific":[23],"form":[24],"directed":[26],"energy":[27],"deposition":[28],"(DED)":[29],"that":[30],"utilizes":[31],"welding.":[33],"Despite":[34],"advancements":[35],"in":[36,82],"process":[37,55],"control,":[38],"predicting":[39],"shape":[41],"dimensions":[43],"beads":[46],"remains":[47],"challenging":[48],"due":[49],"to":[50,73,103,124,129],"complex":[52],"interactions":[53],"between":[54],"parameters":[56],"material":[58],"behavior.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"addresses":[62],"this":[63],"challenge":[64],"by":[65],"exploring":[66],"application":[68],"symmetrical":[70,121],"neural":[71,122],"networks":[72,113,123],"enhance":[74],"accuracy":[76],"reliability":[78],"geometric":[80],"predictions":[81],"WAAM.":[83],"By":[84],"leveraging":[85],"advanced":[86],"machine":[87],"learning":[88],"techniques":[89],"incorporating":[91],"inherent":[93],"symmetry":[94],"welding":[97],"process,":[98],"proposed":[100],"models":[101],"aim":[102],"precisely":[104],"forecast":[105],"geometry.":[108],"use":[110],"neuronal":[112],"experimental":[115],"validation":[116],"demonstrate":[117],"potential":[119],"improve":[125],"precision,":[127],"contributing":[128],"more":[130],"consistent":[131],"optimized":[133],"WAAM":[134],"outcomes.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}