{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406234264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010095","title":"Analysis of Symmetrical Three-Point Bending and Springback Process of Pipes","display_name":"Analysis of Symmetrical Three-Point Bending and Springback Process of Pipes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406234264","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/95/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/95/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103040814","display_name":"Xiaokang Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9120-0566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaokang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100398387","display_name":"Jun Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-4956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020828228","display_name":"Rui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1650-6754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39333907","display_name":"Yanshan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02txfnf15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science, Yanshan University, Ministry of Education of China, Qinhuangdao 066004, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39333907"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402566","display_name":"Jian Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0376-0702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092944","display_name":"Dalian University","ror":"https://ror.org/00g2ypp58","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092944"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.5558,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79910416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"95","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12206","display_name":"Vibration and Dynamic Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12206","display_name":"Vibration and Dynamic Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12086","display_name":"Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10700","display_name":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5787595510482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending","display_name":"Bending","score":0.5658711791038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.488531231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.47457125782966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.41059610247612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3699617385864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.35276901721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3449932038784027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19241991639137268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5787595510482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87210426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072476","display_name":"Bending","level":2,"score":0.5658711791038513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.488531231880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47457125782966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.41059610247612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3699617385864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.35276901721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3449932038784027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19241991639137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/95/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d51e27faaad04a5ea360285cfb97c74c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d51e27faaad04a5ea360285cfb97c74c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 17, Iss 1, p 95 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010095","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/95/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406234264.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406234264.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352164666","https://openalex.org/W1797630735","https://openalex.org/W4394746750","https://openalex.org/W2025592639","https://openalex.org/W1967523683","https://openalex.org/W4396717753","https://openalex.org/W2353274881","https://openalex.org/W2388549513","https://openalex.org/W2107306601","https://openalex.org/W2789803914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,44,173],"theoretical":[4,107,150],"analysis":[5,114,151],"of":[6,17,38,54,61,105,127],"the":[7,15,26,52,57,62,84,91,106,125,132,145,157,160,166],"single-pressure":[8,128],"straightening":[9,19,36,129,147],"process":[10,37],"for":[11,87,134,176,181],"large-scale":[12],"pipes,":[13],"addressing":[14],"challenges":[16],"inadequate":[18],"precision":[20],"and":[21,74,94,103,115,130,152,165],"low":[22],"efficiency":[23],"associated":[24],"with":[25],"current":[27],"practice,":[28],"which":[29],"heavily":[30],"relies":[31],"on":[32,90,119,141],"operator":[33],"expertise.":[34],"The":[35,101],"pipes":[39],"through":[40,111],"pressure":[41,182],"is":[42],"fundamentally":[43],"symmetrical":[45],"three-point":[46,59],"bending":[47,60],"elastic\u2013plastic":[48],"deformation":[49,70],"process.":[50],"With":[51],"assumption":[53],"small":[55],"deformations,":[56],"symmetric":[58],"pipe":[63,92],"can":[64],"be":[65],"divided":[66],"into":[67],"two":[68],"distinct":[69],"stages:":[71],"fully":[72],"elastic":[73],"elastic\u2013plastic.":[75],"For":[76],"each":[77],"stage,":[78],"calculation":[79],"models":[80,108,123],"are":[81,109,169],"developed,":[82],"yielding":[83],"deflection":[85,162],"formulae":[86],"any":[88],"point":[89],"before":[93],"after":[95,163],"unloading":[96],"under":[97],"varying":[98],"punch":[99,167],"strokes.":[100],"accuracy":[102,126],"reliability":[104],"confirmed":[110],"finite":[112],"element":[113],"physical":[116],"simulation":[117],"experiments":[118],"smaller":[120],"pipes.":[121],"These":[122],"enhance":[124],"lay":[131],"groundwork":[133],"online":[135],"material":[136],"performance":[137],"parameter":[138],"identification":[139],"based":[140],"load\u2013stroke":[142],"curves":[143],"during":[144],"initial":[146],"phase.":[148],"Both":[149],"experimental":[153],"outcomes":[154],"demonstrate":[155],"that":[156],"relationship":[158],"between":[159],"maximum":[161],"springback":[164],"stroke":[168],"nearly":[170],"linear,":[171],"offering":[172],"practical":[174],"method":[175],"developing":[177],"intelligent":[178],"control":[179],"systems":[180],"straightening.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
