{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403129265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101312","title":"Semi-Supervised Learning with Close-Form Label Propagation Using a Bipartite Graph","display_name":"Semi-Supervised Learning with Close-Form Label Propagation Using a Bipartite Graph","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403129265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16101312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101312","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/10/1312/pdf?version=1728281351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/10/1312/pdf?version=1728281351","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059200758","display_name":"Zhongxing Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5870-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165736","display_name":"Hanshan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05tqaz865","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongxing Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101562509","display_name":"Gengzhong Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5895-0418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165736","display_name":"Hanshan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05tqaz865","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gengzhong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004584268","display_name":"Wei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-8612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165736","display_name":"Hanshan Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05tqaz865","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Information Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004584268","https://openalex.org/A5101562509"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165736"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15945033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"10","first_page":"1312","last_page":"1312"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.7098463773727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.582295298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5566241145133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4777209460735321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.35854625701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32846906781196594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.7098463773727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.582295298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5566241145133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4777209460735321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.35854625701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32846906781196594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16101312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101312","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/10/1312/pdf?version=1728281351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:acf8a5eec27b481db8e569a688d35e5f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/acf8a5eec27b481db8e569a688d35e5f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 10, p 1312 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16101312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16101312","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/10/1312/pdf?version=1728281351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2820859645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PX-161241546","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4791869945","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021KCXTD038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6804982287","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022ZDJS065","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7854535207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022KSYS003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","funder_display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326279","display_name":"Department of Education of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403129265.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178840006","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W2007972815","https://openalex.org/W2026731079","https://openalex.org/W2073614810","https://openalex.org/W2100659887","https://openalex.org/W2109405055","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2130623086","https://openalex.org/W2132146097","https://openalex.org/W2132709984","https://openalex.org/W2132914434","https://openalex.org/W2134270519","https://openalex.org/W2139823104","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2154455818","https://openalex.org/W2162762921","https://openalex.org/W2166049352","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W3002559994","https://openalex.org/W3133744637","https://openalex.org/W4212899342","https://openalex.org/W4221164918","https://openalex.org/W6633475121","https://openalex.org/W6640142374","https://openalex.org/W6679392215","https://openalex.org/W6682494755","https://openalex.org/W6683411478","https://openalex.org/W6808161998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2371352078","https://openalex.org/W2953461625","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2077383796","https://openalex.org/W2080136900","https://openalex.org/W2999799752","https://openalex.org/W3088754131","https://openalex.org/W3038848193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,84],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"an":[5],"efficient":[6],"and":[7,56,80,147],"effective":[8],"algorithm":[9,21,74,91,120,151],"for":[10,126],"Graph-based":[11],"Semi-Supervised":[12],"Learning":[13],"(GSSL).":[14],"Unlike":[15],"other":[16,117],"GSSL":[17],"methods,":[18],"our":[19,73,90,119,150],"proposed":[20],"achieves":[22],"efficiency":[23,146],"by":[24,44],"constructing":[25],"a":[26,31,38,54,65,130],"bipartite":[27,51],"graph,":[28,52],"which":[29,60],"connects":[30],"small":[32],"number":[33,111],"of":[34,41,68,112,149],"representative":[35],"points":[36],"to":[37,104,109,154],"large":[39],"volume":[40],"raw":[42],"data":[43,113,128],"capturing":[45],"their":[46],"underlying":[47],"manifold":[48],"structures.":[49],"This":[50],"with":[53,107],"sparse":[55],"anti-diagonal":[57],"affinity":[58],"matrix":[59,125],"is":[61],"symmetrical,":[62],"serves":[63],"as":[64],"low-rank":[66],"approximation":[67],"the":[69,77,87,93,110,116,122,145],"original":[70],"graph.":[71],"Consequently,":[72],"accelerates":[75],"both":[76],"graph":[78],"construction":[79],"label":[81,94,124],"propagation":[82,95],"steps.":[83],"particular,":[85],"on":[86,115,140],"one":[88],"hand,":[89,118],"computes":[92],"in":[96,152],"closed-form,":[97],"reducing":[98],"its":[99],"computational":[100],"complexity":[101],"from":[102],"cubic":[103],"approximately":[105],"linear":[106],"respect":[108],"points;":[114],"calculates":[121],"soft":[123],"unlabeled":[127],"using":[129],"closed-form":[131],"solution,":[132],"thereby":[133],"gaining":[134],"additional":[135],"acceleration.":[136],"Comprehensive":[137],"experiments":[138],"performed":[139],"six":[141],"real-world":[142],"datasets":[143],"demonstrate":[144],"effectiveness":[148],"comparison":[153],"five":[155],"state-of-the-art":[156],"algorithms.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}