{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401548165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035","title":"ATLAS Muon Spectrometer Upgrade for the HL-LHC Era\u2019s Challenges","display_name":"ATLAS Muon Spectrometer Upgrade for the HL-LHC Era\u2019s Challenges","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401548165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16081035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103571922","display_name":"E. N. Gazis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9272-4254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117283","display_name":"Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/01nn35n25","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117283"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos N. Gazis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Accelerator Department, Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications, 30 Panepistimiou Avenue, 10679 Athens, Greece","Physics Department, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Accelerator Department, Institute of Accelerating Systems and Applications, 30 Panepistimiou Avenue, 10679 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117283"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physics Department, Zografou Campus, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103571922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059","https://openalex.org/I4210117283"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01983224,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"1035","last_page":"1035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-hadron-collider","display_name":"Large Hadron Collider","score":0.8842676877975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.8543047904968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atlas","display_name":"Atlas (anatomy)","score":0.7256026864051819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luminosity","display_name":"Luminosity","score":0.6651850342750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.6132568717002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-physics","display_name":"Particle physics","score":0.5345908999443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atlas-experiment","display_name":"ATLAS experiment","score":0.5257257223129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muon","display_name":"Muon","score":0.5121769905090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrometer","display_name":"Spectrometer","score":0.45989564061164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.11371389031410217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09739217162132263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87668248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40605","display_name":"Large Hadron Collider","level":2,"score":0.8842676877975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8543047904968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776673561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655357","display_name":"Atlas (anatomy)","level":2,"score":0.7256026864051819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12287442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105902","display_name":"Luminosity","level":3,"score":0.6651850342750549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.6132568717002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.5345908999443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777065543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q299002","display_name":"ATLAS experiment","level":3,"score":0.5257257223129272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205334942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151","display_name":"Muon","level":2,"score":0.5121769905090332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33390570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188463","display_name":"Spectrometer","level":2,"score":0.45989564061164856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.11371389031410217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09739217162132263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16081035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f6acded049c461989459f2168081977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f6acded049c461989459f2168081977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 1035 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16081035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594493547","https://openalex.org/W1963699984","https://openalex.org/W1978556728","https://openalex.org/W2021460435","https://openalex.org/W2071058149","https://openalex.org/W2153395272","https://openalex.org/W2211415787","https://openalex.org/W2343929520","https://openalex.org/W2531019061","https://openalex.org/W2906488530","https://openalex.org/W2937293032","https://openalex.org/W2996359770","https://openalex.org/W3042719273","https://openalex.org/W3118353097","https://openalex.org/W3215112555","https://openalex.org/W3215636935","https://openalex.org/W3216676335","https://openalex.org/W3217093950","https://openalex.org/W4211046286","https://openalex.org/W4213282452","https://openalex.org/W4377990772","https://openalex.org/W4393167102","https://openalex.org/W4402015846","https://openalex.org/W6925376665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4246891891","https://openalex.org/W2903083461","https://openalex.org/W4366699625","https://openalex.org/W3106014826","https://openalex.org/W2964441845","https://openalex.org/W4361225335","https://openalex.org/W4206957125","https://openalex.org/W3018602988","https://openalex.org/W2805950716","https://openalex.org/W2137889676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30,50,90,115,133,139,161,244,289],"High-Luminosity":[1],"Large":[2],"Hadron":[3],"Collider":[4],"(HL-LHC)":[5],"project":[6,52],"aims":[7,32],"to":[8,33,69,103,122,219],"improve":[9,34],"the":[10,13,17,35,44,66,76,95,101,124,127,130,146,153,157,170,178,182,189,202,213,220,229,232,237,241,252,272,276,281,292,299],"performance":[11,301],"of":[12,41,62,72,126,156,181,215,240,275],"LHC":[14,97],"by":[15,38],"increasing":[16],"proton\u2013proton":[18,55],"collision":[19,283],"luminosity.":[20],"New":[21,140],"physics":[22],"discoveries":[23],"will":[24,99],"be":[25],"possible":[26],"starting":[27],"in":[28,188,257],"2027.":[29],"HL-LHC":[31,51,131],"integrated":[36,67,92,163],"luminosity":[37,68,93,128],"a":[39,70,207,216],"factor":[40],"10":[42],"concerning":[43],"current":[45],"running":[46],"LHC\u2019s":[47],"design":[48],"value.":[49],"foresees":[53],"delivering":[54],"collisions":[56],"at":[57,129,152,177,193],"14":[58],"TeV":[59],"CM":[60],"(Center":[61],"Mass)":[63],"energy":[64],"providing":[65],"value":[71,274],"3":[73],"ab\u22121":[74],"for":[75,83,88,94],"ATLAS":[77,116,158,183],"and":[78,85,236,260,286,298],"CMS":[79],"experiments,":[80],"50":[81],"fb\u22121":[82,87],"LHCb,":[84],"5":[86],"ALICE.":[89],"increased":[91],"above":[96],"experiments":[98],"provide":[100],"potential":[102],"discover":[104],"rare":[105],"processes":[106],"while":[107],"improving":[108],"these":[109],"measurements\u2019":[110],"signal-to-noise":[111],"(S/N)":[112],"ratio":[113],"statistics.":[114],"muon":[117,287,290],"spectrometer":[118,296],"has":[119,144],"been":[120],"upgraded":[121],"face":[123],"challenges":[125],"run.":[132],"new":[134,162],"sub-detectors":[135],"are":[136,175,302],"as":[137,224],"follows:":[138],"Small":[141],"Wheel":[142],"(NSW)":[143],"replaced":[145],"Cathode":[147],"Strip":[148],"Chambers":[149,167,173,264],"(CSC)":[150],"discs":[151],"internal":[154],"part":[155],"end":[159,180],"cups.":[160],"small":[164],"Monitored":[165],"Drift":[166],"(sMDT)":[168],"with":[169],"Resistive":[171],"Plate":[172],"(RPC)":[174],"installed":[176],"outer":[179],"BI":[184],"(Barrel":[185],"Inner)":[186],"layer,":[187],"barrel\u2013endcap":[190],"transition":[191],"region,":[192],"1.0":[194],"&lt;":[195,197],"|\u03b7|":[196],"1.3,":[198],"where":[199,226],"\u03b7":[200,205],"is":[201,206,228,246,271],"pseudo-rapidity":[203],"(pseudo-rapidity":[204],"commonly":[208],"used":[209],"spatial":[210],"coordinate":[211],"describing":[212],"angle":[214,230],"particle":[217],"relative":[218],"beam":[221,242,282],"axis,":[222],"defined":[223],"\u03b7=\u2212lntan\u03b82,":[225],"\u03b8":[227],"between":[231],"vector":[233],"momentum":[234,279],"p\u2192":[235],"positive":[238],"direction":[239],"axis).":[243],"NSW":[245,300],"an":[247],"innovative":[248],"technological":[249],"achievement,":[250],"including":[251],"MicroMegas":[253],"(MM)":[254],"gas":[255],"detectors":[256],"large":[258],"areas":[259],"small-strip":[261],"Thin":[262],"Gap":[263],"(sTGC),":[265],"enabling":[266],"high":[267,273],"pT":[268,270],"(high":[269],"particles\u2019":[277],"transverse":[278],"versus":[280],"axis)":[284],"trigger":[285],"detection.":[288],"reconstruction,":[291],"background":[293],"rate,":[294],"other":[295],"parameters,":[297],"also":[303],"presented.":[304]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2024-08-14T00:00:00"}
