{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401326563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080993","title":"Emerging Authentication Technologies for Zero Trust on the Internet of Things","display_name":"Emerging Authentication Technologies for Zero Trust on the Internet of Things","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401326563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080993"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/8/993/pdf?version=1722866227","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/8/993/pdf?version=1722866227","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109758782","display_name":"Chanapha Bast","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132704155","display_name":"Udon Thani Rajabhat University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h6yt550","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132704155"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chanapha Bast","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information System and Business Computer Department, Management Science Faculty, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information System and Business Computer Department, Management Science Faculty, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani 41000, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132704155"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043276911","display_name":"Kuo\u2010Hui Yeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-761X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33096239","display_name":"National Dong Hwa University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mng9617","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33096239"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kuo-Hui Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan","Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0598-761X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33096239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043276911"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613","https://openalex.org/I33096239"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":7.103,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96959398,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"993","last_page":"993"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7537000775337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.7523429989814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.6793417930603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.503515899181366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4682375490665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.46245077252388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13790175318717957}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7537000775337219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.7523429989814758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.6793417930603027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.503515899181366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4682375490665436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.46245077252388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13790175318717957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/8/993/pdf?version=1722866227","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:193df3167e784c6b8f98eb6a0192193b","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/193df3167e784c6b8f98eb6a0192193b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 993 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/8/993/pdf?version=1722866227","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5799999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3536203484","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 112-2634-F-011-002-MBK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7650314519","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 113-2634-F-011-002-MBK","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G940903334","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 111-2221-E-A49-202-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401326563.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401326563.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2763668061","https://openalex.org/W2969508932","https://openalex.org/W2980629337","https://openalex.org/W3033473526","https://openalex.org/W3095368182","https://openalex.org/W3103946932","https://openalex.org/W3109772527","https://openalex.org/W3169126164","https://openalex.org/W3195846920","https://openalex.org/W4210987902","https://openalex.org/W4220983537","https://openalex.org/W4281770585","https://openalex.org/W4282945617","https://openalex.org/W4285205927","https://openalex.org/W4317743536","https://openalex.org/W4319233998","https://openalex.org/W4319297893","https://openalex.org/W4322500360","https://openalex.org/W4366589820","https://openalex.org/W4381569276","https://openalex.org/W4381952972","https://openalex.org/W4383746946","https://openalex.org/W4385366999","https://openalex.org/W4386490237","https://openalex.org/W4387824574","https://openalex.org/W4387831783","https://openalex.org/W4388451056","https://openalex.org/W4389099839","https://openalex.org/W4390640004","https://openalex.org/W4391514861","https://openalex.org/W4391648796","https://openalex.org/W4391649861","https://openalex.org/W4391656687","https://openalex.org/W4391785412","https://openalex.org/W4391941625","https://openalex.org/W4392658517","https://openalex.org/W4392986112","https://openalex.org/W4393238051","https://openalex.org/W4393308520","https://openalex.org/W4393315206","https://openalex.org/W4393323393","https://openalex.org/W4393930788","https://openalex.org/W4394013896","https://openalex.org/W4394951197","https://openalex.org/W4395090270","https://openalex.org/W4395447360","https://openalex.org/W4395480811","https://openalex.org/W4396620995","https://openalex.org/W4396708290","https://openalex.org/W4396768380","https://openalex.org/W4396830795","https://openalex.org/W4399040069","https://openalex.org/W6745632651","https://openalex.org/W6807733122","https://openalex.org/W6809838975","https://openalex.org/W6810784895","https://openalex.org/W6849492687","https://openalex.org/W6861927671","https://openalex.org/W6863096504","https://openalex.org/W6865559970","https://openalex.org/W6941045133","https://openalex.org/W6941518948"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065457896","https://openalex.org/W3173234801","https://openalex.org/W2167984027","https://openalex.org/W3021302227","https://openalex.org/W10630519","https://openalex.org/W1919377569","https://openalex.org/W3144288563","https://openalex.org/W2060145807","https://openalex.org/W2912135041","https://openalex.org/W4248806346"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,36,116],"large":[1],"and":[2,68,93,105,110,139,159,171,181],"interconnected":[3],"nature":[4],"of":[5,8,42,118,130,133],"the":[6,72,128,131,151],"Internet":[7,132],"Things":[9,134],"(IoT)":[10],"presents":[11,150],"unique":[12],"security":[13,30,45,52,126],"challenges,":[14],"even":[15],"as":[16],"it":[17],"revolutionizes":[18],"various":[19,106],"sectors.":[20],"With":[21],"numerous":[22],"devices,":[23],"often":[24],"limited":[25],"in":[26,75,78,127,157],"resources,":[27],"traditional":[28],"perimeter-based":[29],"methods":[31,107,138],"struggle":[32],"to":[33,65,85,108,122,179],"keep":[34],"pace.":[35],"\u201cnever":[37],"trust,":[38],"always":[39],"verify\u201d":[40],"principle":[41],"zero":[43,124],"trust":[44,51,103,125],"offers":[46],"a":[47,54,83,89],"viable":[48],"solution.":[49],"Zero":[50],"is":[53,82,121],"concept":[55],"that":[56],"has":[57],"become":[58],"increasingly":[59],"popular,":[60],"using":[61],"key":[62],"exchange":[63],"techniques":[64],"ensure":[66],"secure":[67],"authenticated":[69],"communication":[70],"within":[71],"network,":[73],"especially":[74],"managing":[76],"risks":[77],"critical":[79],"infrastructure.":[80],"Authentication":[81],"process":[84],"identify":[86],"an":[87],"entity,":[88],"prerequisite":[90],"for":[91,95,114,144,155,163,184],"authorization,":[92],"essential":[94],"granting":[96],"access":[97],"control.":[98],"It":[99],"fundamentally":[100],"relies":[101],"on":[102],"management":[104],"generate":[109],"manage":[111],"cryptographic":[112],"keys":[113],"authentication.":[115],"aim":[117],"this":[119],"study":[120,148],"enhance":[123],"context":[129],"by":[135],"investigating":[136],"authentication":[137,156],"discussing":[140],"several":[141],"potential":[142],"solutions":[143],"successful":[145],"implementation.":[146],"This":[147],"also":[149],"performance":[152],"evaluation":[153],"criteria":[154],"IoT":[158],"introduces":[160],"advanced":[161],"approaches":[162],"different":[164],"scenarios,":[165],"including":[166],"lightweight":[167],"cryptography,":[168],"mutual":[169],"authentication,":[170],"blockchain":[172],"technology.":[173],"Finally,":[174],"we":[175],"address":[176],"challenges":[177],"related":[178],"implementation":[180],"future":[182],"directions":[183],"research.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}