{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401207984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977","title":"Adaptive Difference Least Squares Support Vector Regression for Urban Road Collapse Timing Prediction","display_name":"Adaptive Difference Least Squares Support Vector Regression for Urban Road Collapse Timing Prediction","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401207984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111670532","display_name":"Yafang Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116268","display_name":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/02aybg366","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161003","display_name":"Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/05x85k702","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210089297","https://openalex.org/I4210161003"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yafang Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China","Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China","Qingdao Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources Protection and Rehabilitation, Qingdao 266061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources Protection and Rehabilitation, Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161003"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082327423","display_name":"Limin Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6972-2288"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I211433327","display_name":"Ministry of Natural Resources","ror":"https://ror.org/02kxqx159","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210127390"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161003","display_name":"Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials","ror":"https://ror.org/05x85k702","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210089297","https://openalex.org/I4210161003"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Limin Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China","Qingdao Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources Protection and Rehabilitation, Qingdao 266061, China","School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Geological Safety of Coastal Urban Underground Space, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources Protection and Rehabilitation, Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161003"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101845647","display_name":"Yanchun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9662-6988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116268","display_name":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/02aybg366","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanchun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118608077","display_name":"Yong Cai Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4956-0766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44468530","display_name":"Qingdao University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01qzc0f54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44468530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111319425","display_name":"Minghou Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116268","display_name":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/02aybg366","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghou Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085429773","display_name":"Jian Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7117-4564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116268","display_name":"Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology","ror":"https://ror.org/02aybg366","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799486974","https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qingdao Geo-Engineering Surveying Institute (Qingdao Geological Exploration Development Bureau), Qingdao 266061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116268"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082327423","https://openalex.org/A5101845647"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I211433327","https://openalex.org/I4210116268","https://openalex.org/I4210161003","https://openalex.org/I44468530"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2112,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50021143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"977","last_page":"977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptability","display_name":"Adaptability","score":0.6798044443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6649458408355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6507158875465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.6125935316085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5964898467063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.559456467628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.503166139125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.45419198274612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.45239418745040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.4101036787033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.29952484369277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2527003288269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17878416180610657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1595228910446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14293479919433594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.6798044443130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6649458408355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6507158875465393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.6125935316085815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5964898467063904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.559456467628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.503166139125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.45419198274612427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.45239418745040894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.4101036787033081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.29952484369277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2527003288269043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17878416180610657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1595228910446167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14293479919433594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:167c4d41c18b4445b3312d93710bf208","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/167c4d41c18b4445b3312d93710bf208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 977 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16080977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7150696281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2022ME214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1596717185","https://openalex.org/W2024833932","https://openalex.org/W2125253748","https://openalex.org/W2803198050","https://openalex.org/W2902527981","https://openalex.org/W2942455344","https://openalex.org/W3009422846","https://openalex.org/W3048255257","https://openalex.org/W3117561160","https://openalex.org/W3129971022","https://openalex.org/W3150841544","https://openalex.org/W4224041885","https://openalex.org/W4288801204","https://openalex.org/W4313254203","https://openalex.org/W4313442997","https://openalex.org/W4318773677","https://openalex.org/W4321446161","https://openalex.org/W4364374876","https://openalex.org/W4376638355","https://openalex.org/W4381894847","https://openalex.org/W4391628609","https://openalex.org/W4392386463","https://openalex.org/W4396620700","https://openalex.org/W4396843956","https://openalex.org/W4397042876","https://openalex.org/W4398146066"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W4281702477","https://openalex.org/W2490526372","https://openalex.org/W4220972140","https://openalex.org/W3161120485","https://openalex.org/W4387968020"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,160],"accurate":[1],"prediction":[2,47],"of":[3,8,23,43,125,128,135,157,169],"urban":[4],"road":[5,24,175],"collapses":[6],"is":[7],"paramount":[9],"importance":[10],"for":[11],"public":[12],"safety":[13],"and":[14,20,32,45,77,83,91,112,121,133,150,155,167],"infrastructure":[15],"management.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,29,35,41,75,94,97,104,118,136,153,158,164,170,183],"complex":[19,184],"variable":[21],"nature":[22],"subsidence":[25],"mechanisms,":[26],"coupled":[27],"with":[28],"inherent":[30,100],"noise":[31,82],"non-stationarity":[33],"in":[34,173,181],"data,":[36,79,95,129],"poses":[37],"significant":[38],"challenges":[39],"to":[40,73,146],"development":[42],"precise":[44],"real-time":[46],"models.":[48],"To":[49],"address":[50,147],"these":[51],"challenges,":[52],"this":[53],"paper":[54],"develops":[55],"an":[56],"Adaptive":[57],"Difference":[58],"Least":[59],"Squares":[60],"Support":[61],"Vector":[62],"Regression":[63],"(AD-LSSVR)":[64],"model.":[65,159],"AD-LSSVR":[67,171],"model":[68,85,105,123,172],"employs":[69],"a":[70,140],"difference":[71],"transformation":[72,88],"process":[74],"input":[76],"output":[78],"effectively":[80],"reducing":[81],"enhancing":[84],"stability.":[86],"This":[87],"extracts":[89],"trends":[90],"features":[92],"from":[93],"leveraging":[96],"symmetrical":[98],"characteristics":[99],"within":[101],"it.":[102],"Additionally,":[103],"parameters":[106],"were":[107],"optimized":[108],"using":[109],"grid":[110],"search":[111],"cross-validation":[113],"techniques,":[114],"which":[115],"systematically":[116],"explore":[117],"parameter":[119],"space":[120],"evaluate":[122],"performance":[124],"multiple":[126],"subsets":[127],"ensuring":[130,152],"both":[131],"precision":[132,168],"generalizability":[134],"selected":[137],"parameters.":[138],"Moreover,":[139],"sliding":[141],"window":[142],"method":[143],"was":[144],"employed":[145],"data":[148],"sparsity":[149],"anomalies,":[151],"robustness":[154],"adaptability":[156,166],"experimental":[161],"results":[162],"demonstrate":[163],"superior":[165],"predicting":[174],"collapse":[176],"timing,":[177],"highlighting":[178],"its":[179],"effectiveness":[180],"handling":[182],"nonlinear":[185],"data.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}