{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399729334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060753","title":"Design and Optimization of a Mid-Field Wireless Power Transfer System for Enhanced Energy Transfer Efficiency","display_name":"Design and Optimization of a Mid-Field Wireless Power Transfer System for Enhanced Energy Transfer Efficiency","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399729334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060753"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16060753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060753","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/6/753/pdf?version=1718609199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/6/753/pdf?version=1718609199","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108944162","display_name":"Daud Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8243-4702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daud Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034615267","display_name":"Ashfaq Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-9010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashfaq Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0966-9010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023075578","display_name":"Dong\u2010You Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-7908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152238500","display_name":"Chosun University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zt9a375","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong-you Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-7908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication and Wave Propagation Laboratory, Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023075578"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152238500"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.7644,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70622773,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"753","last_page":"753"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11249","display_name":"Wireless Power Transfer Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-power-transfer","display_name":"Wireless power transfer","score":0.8612011671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7579420804977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-transfer-theorem","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","score":0.7137874960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5712075233459473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5306089520454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4942155182361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4696494936943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.45978429913520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.45451614260673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4440406560897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.44016233086586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.42850804328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.27912697196006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2637484669685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24107930064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07711580395698547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779423816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6856398","display_name":"Wireless power transfer","level":3,"score":0.8612011671066284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7579420804977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17103352","display_name":"Maximum power transfer theorem","level":3,"score":0.7137874960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5712075233459473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5306089520454407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4942155182361603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4696494936943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45978429913520813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.45451614260673523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4440406560897827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44016233086586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.42850804328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.27912697196006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2637484669685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24107930064201355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07711580395698547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16060753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060753","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/6/753/pdf?version=1718609199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:20420e2368c84916aa2ae3ac9ef9ef1a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/20420e2368c84916aa2ae3ac9ef9ef1a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 6, p 753 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16060753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060753","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/6/753/pdf?version=1718609199","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399729334.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072848102","https://openalex.org/W2582902645","https://openalex.org/W2588679294","https://openalex.org/W2792042190","https://openalex.org/W2802987866","https://openalex.org/W3000539996","https://openalex.org/W3004570849","https://openalex.org/W3022142576","https://openalex.org/W3080491807","https://openalex.org/W3092278802","https://openalex.org/W3112882954","https://openalex.org/W3115838585","https://openalex.org/W3146074201","https://openalex.org/W3202430957","https://openalex.org/W3210233726","https://openalex.org/W3215231825","https://openalex.org/W4283010855","https://openalex.org/W4291608066","https://openalex.org/W4293371029","https://openalex.org/W4296070885","https://openalex.org/W4310793330","https://openalex.org/W4321375562","https://openalex.org/W4322576305","https://openalex.org/W4362588637","https://openalex.org/W4379931712","https://openalex.org/W4385337629","https://openalex.org/W4385626957","https://openalex.org/W4387197140","https://openalex.org/W4389219283","https://openalex.org/W4389628886","https://openalex.org/W4390905630","https://openalex.org/W4392756825","https://openalex.org/W4404788169","https://openalex.org/W6875349849"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1927917065","https://openalex.org/W2975251679","https://openalex.org/W59120657","https://openalex.org/W2757434689","https://openalex.org/W4386249029","https://openalex.org/W4200171434","https://openalex.org/W4205317126","https://openalex.org/W3091795725","https://openalex.org/W2763444231","https://openalex.org/W2325128397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mid-field":[0],"wireless":[1,115],"power":[2,11,27,78,116],"transfer":[3,117,154],"(WPT)":[4],"offers":[5],"a":[6,36,54,81,91,95,105,109,123,134],"compelling":[7],"solution":[8],"for":[9,76,156],"delivering":[10],"to":[12,40],"miniature":[13],"implantable":[14],"medical":[15],"devices":[16],"deep":[17],"within":[18,84],"the":[19,25,33,42,66,85,129],"human":[20,86],"body.":[21],"Despite":[22],"its":[23],"potential,":[24],"current":[26,74],"delivery":[28],"levels":[29],"remain":[30],"constrained,":[31],"and":[32,94,131],"design":[34],"of":[35,118,125,137,144],"compact":[37],"source":[38],"structure":[39],"focus":[41],"transmitter":[43,57,130],"field":[44],"on":[45],"such":[46],"implants":[47],"presents":[48],"significant":[49],"challenges.":[50],"In":[51],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"novel":[55],"miniaturized":[56],"antenna":[58,67],"operating":[59],"at":[60,122],"1.71":[61],"GHz":[62],"is":[63,88,102],"proposed.":[64],"Leveraging":[65],"proximity-coupled":[68],"feeding":[69],"technique,":[70],"we":[71],"achieve":[72],"optimal":[73],"distribution":[75],"efficient":[77],"transfer.":[79],"Additionally,":[80],"receiver":[82,101],"integrated":[83],"body":[87],"proposed,":[89],"comprising":[90],"slotted":[92,97],"ground":[93],"meandering":[96],"radiating":[98],"element.":[99],"This":[100],"excited":[103],"via":[104],"coaxial":[106],"feedline":[107],"with":[108,140],"truncated":[110],"ground.":[111],"Our":[112],"findings":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"\u221223":[119],"dB":[120,139],"(0.501%)":[121],"distance":[124],"30":[126],"mm":[127],"between":[128],"receiver,":[132],"alongside":[133],"peak":[135],"gain":[136],"\u221220":[138],"an":[141],"impedance":[142],"bandwidth":[143],"39.61%.":[145],"These":[146],"results":[147],"highlight":[148],"promising":[149],"advancements":[150],"in":[151],"enhancing":[152],"energy":[153],"efficiency":[155],"deep-implant":[157],"applications.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}