{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391684034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205","title":"Experimental Investigation on the Symmetry and Stabilization of Ethanol Spray Swirling Flames Utilizing Simultaneous PIV/OH-PLIF Measurements","display_name":"Experimental Investigation on the Symmetry and Stabilization of Ethanol Spray Swirling Flames Utilizing Simultaneous PIV/OH-PLIF Measurements","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391684034","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16020205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/2/205/pdf?version=1707472647","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/2/205/pdf?version=1707472647","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026976813","display_name":"Meng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-3120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039118363","display_name":"Chen Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6554-1770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087768777","display_name":"Xiaoyang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3554-3219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100786547","display_name":"Kunpeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-5977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kunpeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741986","display_name":"Sheng Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8149-2604"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., 3988 South Lianhua Road, Shanghai 200241, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., 3988 South Lianhua Road, Shanghai 200241, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100353094","display_name":"Man Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4481-0514"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Man Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., 3988 South Lianhua Road, Shanghai 200241, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co., Ltd., 3988 South Lianhua Road, Shanghai 200241, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101282093","display_name":"Juan Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047855785","display_name":"Xi Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7319-1587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7319-1587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101493658","display_name":"Yi Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2685-2936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101493658"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.6006,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5768496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"205","last_page":"205"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10553","display_name":"Combustion and flame dynamics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10117","display_name":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flame-structure","display_name":"Flame structure","score":0.7208254337310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar-laser-induced-fluorescence","display_name":"Planar laser-induced fluorescence","score":0.712793231010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustor","display_name":"Combustor","score":0.6576309204101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combustion","display_name":"Combustion","score":0.6418131589889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-image-velocimetry","display_name":"Particle image velocimetry","score":0.5495225787162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5269970297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.4721009135246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinetic-energy","display_name":"Kinetic energy","score":0.4489533007144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/premixed-flame","display_name":"Premixed flame","score":0.4453144669532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytical-chemistry","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","score":0.4348498582839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symmetry","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","score":0.42023709416389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.3704173266887665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbulence","display_name":"Turbulence","score":0.3644963204860687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.21657556295394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.1982329785823822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser-induced-fluorescence","display_name":"Laser-induced fluorescence","score":0.16442105174064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.15081626176834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14295411109924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatography","display_name":"Chromatography","score":0.11318251490592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.07626646757125854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778269189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5457178","display_name":"Flame structure","level":4,"score":0.7208254337310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77433292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7200960","display_name":"Planar laser-induced fluorescence","level":4,"score":0.712793231010437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83104080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3809680","display_name":"Combustor","level":3,"score":0.6576309204101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105923489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133235","display_name":"Combustion","level":2,"score":0.6418131589889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207857233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756248","display_name":"Particle image velocimetry","level":3,"score":0.5495225787162781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5269970297813416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4721009135246277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.4489533007144928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129474609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4563566","display_name":"Premixed flame","level":4,"score":0.4453144669532776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.4348498582839966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.42023709416389465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3704173266887665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.3644963204860687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.21657556295394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.1982329785823822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1342733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452891","display_name":"Laser-induced fluorescence","level":3,"score":0.16442105174064636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.15081626176834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14295411109924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.11318251490592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07626646757125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16020205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/2/205/pdf?version=1707472647","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:412c81d9b3af447d88d96cecbe0832ff","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/412c81d9b3af447d88d96cecbe0832ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 16, Iss 2, p 205 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym16020205","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16020205","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/16/2/205/pdf?version=1707472647","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1008080720","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Y2022-III-0001-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1442221617","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1467900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2145492124","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2022-B-II-019-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2269645351","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2022-B-II-019-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2524678385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2019-III-0004-0047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2785462735","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52076136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3167696051","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52076136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G355857063","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1467900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4469193329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2019-III-0004-0047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5417899481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HT-Y2022-III-0001-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6034031446","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HT-Y2022-III-0001-0010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6137995177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2141221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6612683207","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22ZR1467900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7923390183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2141221","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8908433617","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"J2019-III","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309612","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391684034.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968179183","https://openalex.org/W1970833114","https://openalex.org/W1972282221","https://openalex.org/W1977206350","https://openalex.org/W2000743343","https://openalex.org/W2000782599","https://openalex.org/W2016299034","https://openalex.org/W2024158244","https://openalex.org/W2027155039","https://openalex.org/W2047462178","https://openalex.org/W2057172477","https://openalex.org/W2079757428","https://openalex.org/W2129683265","https://openalex.org/W2189825740","https://openalex.org/W2268224552","https://openalex.org/W2318296495","https://openalex.org/W2507497723","https://openalex.org/W2523061498","https://openalex.org/W2528221474","https://openalex.org/W2529093706","https://openalex.org/W2530614469","https://openalex.org/W2533959540","https://openalex.org/W2547975644","https://openalex.org/W2594684746","https://openalex.org/W2751579592","https://openalex.org/W2790879009","https://openalex.org/W2795541507","https://openalex.org/W2804568052","https://openalex.org/W2808335298","https://openalex.org/W2809888760","https://openalex.org/W2888463495","https://openalex.org/W2934011254","https://openalex.org/W2963369166","https://openalex.org/W2979623708","https://openalex.org/W3046345216","https://openalex.org/W3117348925","https://openalex.org/W3137628455","https://openalex.org/W4214606376","https://openalex.org/W4237570010","https://openalex.org/W4293212150","https://openalex.org/W4389989747","https://openalex.org/W6650419495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3199322867","https://openalex.org/W3005249237","https://openalex.org/W1977688161","https://openalex.org/W2188887233","https://openalex.org/W2113529479","https://openalex.org/W2036717724","https://openalex.org/W2920800612","https://openalex.org/W2317091508","https://openalex.org/W2027754616","https://openalex.org/W2890805673"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,42],"detailed":[1],"experimental":[2],"study":[3],"of":[4,20,38,59,93,193],"ethanol":[5],"spray":[6,64],"swirling":[7],"flames":[8,45],"was":[9],"performed":[10],"in":[11,196],"an":[12],"axial":[13],"bluff":[14],"body":[15],"stabilized":[16],"burner.":[17],"The":[18,57],"characteristics":[19],"the":[21,39,60,63,79,88,94,117,123,137,165,174,183],"non-reacting":[22],"and":[23,33,51,55,67,74,82,104,112,151,155,159,173],"reacting":[24],"sprays":[25],"were":[26,53,84],"recorded":[27],"by":[28],"particle":[29],"imaging":[30],"velocimetry":[31],"(PIV)":[32],"planar":[34],"laser-induced":[35],"fluorescence":[36],"(PLIF)":[37],"OH":[40],"radical.":[41],"few":[43],"typical":[44],"with":[46,87],"different":[47],"structures":[48],"(outer-side-flame-lifting,":[49],"stable,":[50],"near-blow-off)":[52],"compared":[54],"analyzed.":[56],"parameters":[58,92],"spray,":[61],"including":[62],"half-angle":[65],"(\u03b1)":[66],"droplet":[68,89],"number":[69],"density":[70],"(nd),":[71],"are":[72,109,157],"quantified,":[73],"it":[75,113,160],"has":[76],"been":[77],"found":[78],"flame":[80,134,145,166,176],"structure":[81],"stability":[83],"strongly":[85],"correlated":[86],"distribution.":[90],"Several":[91],"flow":[95,125],"field,":[96],"such":[97,140,197],"as":[98,122,141],"velocity":[99],"magnitude":[100],"(|U|":[101],"vorticity":[102],"(\u03c9z),":[103],"turbulent":[105],"kinetic":[106],"energy":[107],"(TKE),":[108],"quantitively":[110],"analyzed,":[111],"is":[114,129],"observed":[115,163],"that":[116,164],"local":[118,133],"strain":[119],"rate":[120,126],"rose":[121],"air":[124],"increased,":[127],"which":[128],"not":[130],"conducive":[131],"to":[132],"stability.":[135],"Regarding":[136],"flame,":[138],"quantities":[139],"progress":[142],"variable":[143],"(<c>),":[144],"height":[146,149],"(Lf),":[147],"lift\u2013off":[148],"(hlf),":[150],"symmetry":[152,167],"factor":[153],"(Snd":[154],"S<c>)":[156],"calculated,":[158],"can":[161],"be":[162],"keeps":[168],"worsening":[169],"when":[170],"approaching":[171],"blow\u2013off,":[172],"inner":[175],"branch":[177],"exhibits":[178],"a":[179,190],"worse":[180],"stabilization":[181],"than":[182],"outer":[184],"one.":[185],"Our":[186],"comprehensive":[187],"investigations":[188],"offer":[189],"deeper":[191],"understanding":[192],"stable":[194],"combustion":[195],"two\u2013phase":[198],"flames.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}