{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321500466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571","title":"Advanced Deep Learning Approaches for Accurate Brain Tumor Classification in Medical Imaging","display_name":"Advanced Deep Learning Approaches for Accurate Brain Tumor Classification in Medical Imaging","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321500466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym15030571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/3/571/pdf?version=1677034510","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/3/571/pdf?version=1677034510","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047916088","display_name":"Amena Mahmoud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5415-2972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130309236","display_name":"Kafrelsheikh University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a97mm30","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amena Mahmoud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5415-2972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090216908","display_name":"Nancy Awadallah Awad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2457-9649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43424612","display_name":"Sadat Academy for Management Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04scnnc07","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43424612"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Awadallah Awad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Systems, Sadat Academy for Management Sciences, Cairo 11728, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2457-9649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Systems, Sadat Academy for Management Sciences, Cairo 11728, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43424612"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059877458","display_name":"Najah Alsubaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-9019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Najah Alsubaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058539622","display_name":"Syed Immamul Ansarullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-7595"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Immamul Ansarullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Applications, Govt. Degree College Sumbal, Bandipora, Jammu and Kashmir 193501, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Applications, Govt. Degree College Sumbal, Bandipora, Jammu and Kashmir 193501, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103214435","display_name":"Mohammed S. Alqahtani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-3578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153648349","display_name":"University of Leicester","ror":"https://ror.org/04h699437","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["GB","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed S. Alqahtani","raw_affiliation_strings":["BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK","Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7425-3578","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153648349"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100645455","display_name":"Mohamed Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-2900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I882248123","display_name":"Delta University for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0481xaz04","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I882248123"]}],"countries":["EG","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3141-2900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I882248123"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056900010","display_name":"Mohammed Usman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-472X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3352-472X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060832078","display_name":"Ben Othman Soufiene","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-9450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8636806","display_name":"University of Sousse","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Othman Soufiene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Prince Laboratory Research, ISITcom, University of Sousse, Hammam Sousse 4023, Tunisia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Prince Laboratory Research, ISITcom, University of Sousse, Hammam Sousse 4023, Tunisia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070436157","display_name":"Abeer Saber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-0927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130309236","display_name":"Kafrelsheikh University","ror":"https://ror.org/04a97mm30","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abeer Saber","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9261-0927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computers and Information, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130309236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059877458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":5.5069,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96560334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"3","first_page":"571","last_page":"571"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.7590850591659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6819735765457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.5852435231208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glioma","display_name":"Glioma","score":0.5464337468147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4772467613220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.4480132758617401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4340173006057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.34806084632873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.34641993045806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.2612243890762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.24290713667869568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.7590850591659546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6819735765457153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5852435231208801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778227246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365309","display_name":"Glioma","level":2,"score":0.5464337468147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4772467613220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4480132758617401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4340173006057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.34806084632873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.34641993045806885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2612243890762329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.24290713667869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym15030571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/3/571/pdf?version=1677034510","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8337292b69c44ea2a495aa9b1ea6b773","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8337292b69c44ea2a495aa9b1ea6b773","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 15, Iss 3, p 571 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/15/3/571/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym15030571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030571","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/15/3/571/pdf?version=1677034510","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321500466.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2596470483","https://openalex.org/W2803450353","https://openalex.org/W2896842408","https://openalex.org/W3022950738","https://openalex.org/W3041993914","https://openalex.org/W3047434002","https://openalex.org/W3087926634","https://openalex.org/W3139484821","https://openalex.org/W3153436803","https://openalex.org/W3163936961","https://openalex.org/W3167398644","https://openalex.org/W3185252666","https://openalex.org/W3185679619","https://openalex.org/W3196313004","https://openalex.org/W3198913058","https://openalex.org/W3212329372","https://openalex.org/W4200056233","https://openalex.org/W4200445338","https://openalex.org/W4210620021","https://openalex.org/W4211216283","https://openalex.org/W4214701159","https://openalex.org/W4224064723","https://openalex.org/W4284971413","https://openalex.org/W4288075572","https://openalex.org/W4293213211","https://openalex.org/W4319598830","https://openalex.org/W6841363587"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3208778134","https://openalex.org/W3005931108","https://openalex.org/W4386951147","https://openalex.org/W2887359201","https://openalex.org/W4308767530","https://openalex.org/W2362999506","https://openalex.org/W4205170363","https://openalex.org/W4223451915","https://openalex.org/W4220833452","https://openalex.org/W2353418361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"brain":[1,24,46,72,106,138,152,171,193,218,239,299],"tumor":[2,25,73,90,300],"can":[3,40,142,159],"have":[4,128],"an":[5,29],"impact":[6],"on":[7,17],"the":[8,33,67,83,87,105,119,135,149,182,233,257,264,272,278,283,293,298,305,311],"symmetry":[9,62],"of":[10,86,104,121,137,151,170,175,212,217,238,297,308],"a":[11,23,71,187,198],"person\u2019s":[12],"face":[13],"or":[14,63,115],"head,":[15],"depending":[16],"its":[18],"location":[19],"and":[20,77,107,201,214,244,261,275,286,295,302],"size.":[21],"If":[22],"is":[26,186,202],"located":[27,54],"in":[28,55,82,148,154],"area":[30],"that":[31,57],"affects":[32],"muscles":[34],"responsible":[35],"for":[36,131,256,263,271,277,292,310],"facial":[37,61],"symmetry,":[38],"it":[39,268],"cause":[41,48],"asymmetry.":[42,49],"However,":[43],"not":[44,59,78],"all":[45],"tumors":[47,51,153],"Some":[50],"may":[52,74],"be":[53,75,144,160,178],"areas":[56],"do":[58],"affect":[60],"head":[64],"shape.":[65],"Additionally,":[66],"asymmetry":[68],"caused":[69],"by":[70],"subtle":[76],"easily":[79],"noticeable,":[80],"especially":[81],"early":[84],"stages":[85],"condition.":[88],"Brain":[89,157],"classification":[91,136],"using":[92,96,162,249],"deep":[93],"learning":[94],"involves":[95],"artificial":[97],"neural":[98],"networks":[99],"to":[100,146,190,204,231,303],"analyze":[101],"medical":[102,122],"images":[103],"classify":[108],"them":[109],"as":[110,134],"either":[111],"benign":[112],"(not":[113],"cancerous)":[114],"malignant":[116],"(cancerous).":[117],"In":[118,220],"field":[120],"imaging,":[123],"Convolutional":[124,224],"Neural":[125,225],"Networks":[126],"(CNN)":[127,227],"been":[129],"used":[130,145,255,282],"tasks":[132],"such":[133],"tumors.":[139,194,219],"These":[140],"models":[141,228],"then":[143],"assist":[147],"diagnosis":[150],"new":[155],"cases.":[156],"tissues":[158],"analyzed":[161],"magnetic":[163],"resonance":[164],"imaging":[165],"(MRI).":[166],"By":[167],"misdiagnosing":[168],"forms":[169,237],"tumors,":[172,240],"patients\u2019":[173],"chances":[174],"survival":[176],"will":[177],"significantly":[179],"lowered.":[180],"Checking":[181],"patient\u2019s":[183],"MRI":[184],"scans":[185],"common":[188],"way":[189],"detect":[191,232],"existing":[192],"This":[195],"approach":[196],"takes":[197],"long":[199],"time":[200],"prone":[203],"human":[205],"mistakes":[206],"when":[207],"dealing":[208],"with":[209,289],"large":[210],"amounts":[211],"data":[213],"various":[215],"kinds":[216],"our":[221],"proposed":[222],"research,":[223],"Network":[226],"were":[229,247],"trained":[230],"three":[234],"most":[235],"prevalent":[236],"i.e.,":[241],"Glioma,":[242],"Meningioma,":[243],"Pituitary;":[245],"they":[246],"optimized":[248],"Aquila":[250],"Optimizer":[251],"(AQO),":[252],"which":[253],"was":[254],"initial":[258],"population":[259],"generation":[260],"modification":[262],"selected":[265],"dataset,":[266],"dividing":[267],"into":[269],"80%":[270],"training":[273,294],"set":[274],"20%":[276],"testing":[279],"set.":[280],"We":[281],"VGG-16,":[284],"VGG-19,":[285],"Inception-V3":[287],"architectures":[288],"AQO":[290],"optimizer":[291],"validation":[296],"dataset":[301],"obtain":[304],"best":[306],"accuracy":[307],"98.95%":[309],"VGG-19":[312],"model.":[313]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
