{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311051502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538","title":"Cancer Therapy Assessment Accounting for Heterogeneity Using q-Rung Picture Fuzzy Dynamic Aggregation Approach","display_name":"Cancer Therapy Assessment Accounting for Heterogeneity Using q-Rung Picture Fuzzy Dynamic Aggregation Approach","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311051502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14122538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/12/2538/pdf?version=1671678112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/12/2538/pdf?version=1671678112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025602491","display_name":"Rukhsana Kausar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4902-2193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rukhsana Kausar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4902-2193","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011199219","display_name":"Hafiz Muhammad Athar Farid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8318-0750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafiz Muhammad Athar Farid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8318-0750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049665961","display_name":"Muhammad Riaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8115-9168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Riaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8115-9168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078330420","display_name":"Darko Bo\u017eani\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9657-0889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153194","display_name":"University of Defence","ror":"https://ror.org/04mmq3h75","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153194"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darko Bo\u017eani\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Military Academy, University of Defence in Belgrade, Veljka Lukica Kurjaka 33, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9657-0889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Military Academy, University of Defence in Belgrade, Veljka Lukica Kurjaka 33, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049665961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.182,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81031443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"2538","last_page":"2538"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.9387000203132629,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.604417622089386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5892841219902039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/einstein","display_name":"Einstein","score":0.5167307257652283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator","display_name":"Operator (biology)","score":0.4841199815273285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.4636033773422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.32985007762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2868121564388275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2664836645126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15700200200080872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12354445457458496}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.604417622089386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5892841219902039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146846114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901448","display_name":"Einstein","level":2,"score":0.5167307257652283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.4841199815273285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4636033773422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.32985007762908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2868121564388275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2664836645126343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15700200200080872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12354445457458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86339819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407384","display_name":"Transcription factor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158448853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425218","display_name":"Repressor","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14122538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/12/2538/pdf?version=1671678112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1bc09f60539f446d9893ea5fb51dc111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1bc09f60539f446d9893ea5fb51dc111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 14, Iss 12, p 2538 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/14/12/2538/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14122538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14122538","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/12/2538/pdf?version=1671678112","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311051502.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311051502.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505735190","https://openalex.org/W1668569279","https://openalex.org/W1925966709","https://openalex.org/W1971875039","https://openalex.org/W1980564456","https://openalex.org/W1980714336","https://openalex.org/W2003263637","https://openalex.org/W2016127716","https://openalex.org/W2032704942","https://openalex.org/W2038166912","https://openalex.org/W2077768973","https://openalex.org/W2103623995","https://openalex.org/W2104077967","https://openalex.org/W2127107445","https://openalex.org/W2143995836","https://openalex.org/W2148671230","https://openalex.org/W2172647018","https://openalex.org/W2248217189","https://openalex.org/W2465806685","https://openalex.org/W2466033276","https://openalex.org/W2514754342","https://openalex.org/W2526675547","https://openalex.org/W2533982397","https://openalex.org/W2606422429","https://openalex.org/W2610885119","https://openalex.org/W2624112931","https://openalex.org/W2669156789","https://openalex.org/W2734543528","https://openalex.org/W2746747652","https://openalex.org/W2784775847","https://openalex.org/W2802084959","https://openalex.org/W2803479614","https://openalex.org/W2804105936","https://openalex.org/W2885877913","https://openalex.org/W2896010100","https://openalex.org/W2896634720","https://openalex.org/W2899756177","https://openalex.org/W2901104715","https://openalex.org/W2906129818","https://openalex.org/W2908336363","https://openalex.org/W2946367129","https://openalex.org/W2951071083","https://openalex.org/W2954289684","https://openalex.org/W2972083920","https://openalex.org/W3009529484","https://openalex.org/W3046470717","https://openalex.org/W3089497918","https://openalex.org/W3097540535","https://openalex.org/W3118818955","https://openalex.org/W3135084800","https://openalex.org/W3135165366","https://openalex.org/W3139167884","https://openalex.org/W3147538114","https://openalex.org/W3150285894","https://openalex.org/W3155619983","https://openalex.org/W3159549310","https://openalex.org/W3171912337","https://openalex.org/W3194487201","https://openalex.org/W4210782578","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4220874859","https://openalex.org/W4221016829","https://openalex.org/W4224259743","https://openalex.org/W4226464039","https://openalex.org/W4280566235","https://openalex.org/W4283515913","https://openalex.org/W4285495543","https://openalex.org/W4388066446","https://openalex.org/W6645914205","https://openalex.org/W6651425394","https://openalex.org/W6739633590","https://openalex.org/W6751482832","https://openalex.org/W6756371526","https://openalex.org/W6791566335","https://openalex.org/W6793946650"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3146154164","https://openalex.org/W658450699","https://openalex.org/W2122054506","https://openalex.org/W4388249720","https://openalex.org/W2091620812","https://openalex.org/W642163281","https://openalex.org/W3210394160","https://openalex.org/W1597472882","https://openalex.org/W4299879551","https://openalex.org/W4309323413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,18,43,83,87,148,211,229],"the":[2,10,44,65,89,98,106,142,153,214,231,234],"fact":[3],"that":[4,34,50,105],"there":[5,133],"is":[6,16,35,38,41,74,147,209,226],"no":[7],"symmetry":[8],"in":[9,101,128,141,220,246],"division":[11],"of":[12,24,68,92,144,184,233],"cancer":[13,32,58,69,93,221],"cells,":[14,117],"it":[15],"important":[17,126],"consider":[19],"this":[20,25],"asymmetrical":[21],"behavior.":[22,61],"Because":[23],"heterogeneity":[26,100],"during":[27],"any":[28],"therapy,":[29],"not":[30],"every":[31],"cell":[33,59],"killed":[36],"only":[37],"abolished,":[39],"which":[40,113],"sensitive":[42],"particular":[45],"treatment":[46],"chosen.":[47],"Mathematical":[48],"models":[49,86],"describe":[51],"these":[52,185],"pathways":[53],"are":[54,114,134,187,243],"critical":[55],"for":[56,110,152,195],"predicting":[57],"proliferation":[60],"The":[62,237],"literature":[63],"on":[64,97],"mathematical":[66,85],"modeling":[67],"onset,":[70],"growth,":[71],"and":[72,78,171,240,249],"metastasis":[73],"extensive.":[75],"Both":[76],"deterministic":[77],"stochastic":[79],"factors":[80],"were":[81],"used":[82,219],"develop":[84,149],"mimic":[88],"development":[90],"rate":[91],"cells.":[94],"We":[95,156],"focus":[96],"cell\u2019s":[99],"our":[102],"model":[103],"so":[104],"cells":[107],"generally":[108,244],"responsible":[109],"spreading":[111],"cancer,":[112],"called":[115],"stem":[116],"can":[118,217],"be":[119,218],"killed.":[120],"Aggregation":[121],"operators":[122],"(AOs)":[123],"play":[124],"an":[125],"role":[127],"decision":[129,251],"making,":[130],"especially":[131],"when":[132],"several":[135],"competing":[136],"factors.":[137],"A":[138,206],"key":[139],"issue":[140],"case":[143],"uncertain":[145],"data":[146],"appropriate":[150],"solutions":[151],"aggregation":[154],"process.":[155],"presented":[157,210,228],"two":[158],"novel":[159],"Einstein":[160,166,176],"AOs:":[161],"q-rung":[162,172],"picture":[163,173],"fuzzy":[164,174],"dynamic":[165,175,250],"weighted":[167,177],"averaging":[168],"(q-RPFDEWA)":[169],"operator":[170],"geometric":[178],"(q-RPFDEWG)":[179],"operator.":[180],"Several":[181],"enticing":[182],"aspects":[183],"AOs":[186,239],"thoroughly":[188],"discussed.":[189],"Furthermore,":[190],"we":[191],"provide":[192],"a":[193],"method":[194],"dealing":[196],"with":[197],"multi-period":[198],"decision-making":[199,241],"(MPDM)":[200],"issues":[201],"by":[202],"applying":[203],"optimal":[204],"solutions.":[205],"numerical":[207],"example":[208],"explain":[212],"how":[213],"recommended":[215],"technique":[216],"therapy":[222],"assessment.":[223],"Authenticity":[224],"analysis":[225],"also":[227],"demonstrate":[230],"efficacy":[232],"proposed":[235],"technique.":[236],"suggested":[238],"methodologies":[242],"applicable":[245],"real-world":[247],"multi-stage":[248],"analysis.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
