{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309459159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444","title":"Particle Production in Strong Electromagnetic Fields and Local Approximations","display_name":"Particle Production in Strong Electromagnetic Fields and Local Approximations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309459159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14112444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/11/2444/pdf?version=1668753862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/11/2444/pdf?version=1668753862","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008729417","display_name":"I. A. Aleksandrov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-9922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172901346","display_name":"St Petersburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/023znxa73","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95568926","display_name":"Ioffe Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05dkdaa55","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210096333","https://openalex.org/I95568926"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ivan A. Aleksandrov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia","Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-9922","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ioffe Institute, Politekhnicheskaya 26, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95568926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050801087","display_name":"D. G. Sevostyanov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-3265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172901346","display_name":"St Petersburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/023znxa73","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denis G. Sevostyanov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2640-3265","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072894139","display_name":"\u0412. \u041c. \u0428\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0435\u0432","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-6891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172901346","display_name":"St Petersburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/023znxa73","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vladimir M. Shabaev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2769-6891","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008729417"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172901346","https://openalex.org/I95568926"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":1.1446,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94470094,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"2444","last_page":"2444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10384","display_name":"Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10523","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10413","display_name":"High-pressure geophysics and materials","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauli-exclusion-principle","display_name":"Pauli exclusion principle","score":0.8818155527114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.821309506893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.6209004521369934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/momentum","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","score":0.5785232782363892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boson","display_name":"Boson","score":0.54778653383255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-field","display_name":"Electromagnetic field","score":0.5219023823738098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.5194330215454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.5072140693664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinetic-energy","display_name":"Kinetic energy","score":0.4741779565811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-electrodynamics","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","score":0.46806800365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalar","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","score":0.43715205788612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.3574380874633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10555830597877502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110340908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131594","display_name":"Pauli exclusion principle","level":2,"score":0.8818155527114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.821309506893158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.6209004521369934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60718061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414747","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5785232782363892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79118098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43101","display_name":"Boson","level":2,"score":0.54778653383255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28843909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177625","display_name":"Electromagnetic field","level":2,"score":0.5219023823738098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5194330215454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5072140693664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135889238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46276","display_name":"Kinetic energy","level":2,"score":0.4741779565811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.46806800365448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.43715205788612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.3574380874633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10555830597877502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14112444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/11/2444/pdf?version=1668753862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0eaad9e8d18b44179d63169893a07c7e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0eaad9e8d18b44179d63169893a07c7e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 14, Iss 11, p 2444 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/14/11/2444/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14112444","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14112444","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/11/2444/pdf?version=1668753862","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2287147222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20-21-00098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","funder_display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321079","display_name":"Russian Foundation for Basic Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02mh1ke95"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4309459159.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183753751","https://openalex.org/W1626856585","https://openalex.org/W1758047428","https://openalex.org/W1980265926","https://openalex.org/W1987034188","https://openalex.org/W1992958286","https://openalex.org/W1998237237","https://openalex.org/W2003832618","https://openalex.org/W2007191354","https://openalex.org/W2025008388","https://openalex.org/W2031319321","https://openalex.org/W2050703444","https://openalex.org/W2051315754","https://openalex.org/W2058716340","https://openalex.org/W2062306785","https://openalex.org/W2065312566","https://openalex.org/W2066270843","https://openalex.org/W2089025678","https://openalex.org/W2093212801","https://openalex.org/W2114098036","https://openalex.org/W2138895053","https://openalex.org/W2139466303","https://openalex.org/W2144074844","https://openalex.org/W2145993559","https://openalex.org/W2152132216","https://openalex.org/W2155825735","https://openalex.org/W2175896832","https://openalex.org/W2550686773","https://openalex.org/W2577355616","https://openalex.org/W2579119329","https://openalex.org/W2739923433","https://openalex.org/W2799118597","https://openalex.org/W2899066885","https://openalex.org/W2910111462","https://openalex.org/W2995315283","https://openalex.org/W3014527808","https://openalex.org/W3103268174","https://openalex.org/W3120312391","https://openalex.org/W3205166059","https://openalex.org/W3216862639","https://openalex.org/W4207036884","https://openalex.org/W4290049713","https://openalex.org/W4322490984","https://openalex.org/W6607503079","https://openalex.org/W6636633740","https://openalex.org/W6804853126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006983566","https://openalex.org/W2052382920","https://openalex.org/W2024371448","https://openalex.org/W4392297203","https://openalex.org/W2352949123","https://openalex.org/W1611230162","https://openalex.org/W2749578269","https://openalex.org/W2064517845","https://openalex.org/W1978428316","https://openalex.org/W2164182052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,16,63],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,13,22,28,35,44,47,76,82,85,93,100,104,108,113,126,141,145,150,161,165,174,179],"phenomenon":[3],"of":[4,31,38,46,67,78,84,128,132,152,167,181],"electron\u2013positron":[5],"pair":[6],"production":[7],"in":[8,125,140,164],"intense":[9],"external":[10,61],"backgrounds":[11],"within":[12,99],"strong-field":[14],"regime.":[15],"perform":[17,160],"nonperturbative":[18],"calculations":[19,163],"by":[20],"solving":[21],"quantum":[23,79,175],"kinetic":[24],"equations,":[25],"and":[26,34,73,81,144],"obtain":[27],"momentum":[29,105],"distributions":[30],"particles":[32],"created":[33],"total":[36,114],"number":[37,151,180],"pairs.":[39,153],"In":[40],"particular,":[41],"we":[42,159],"analyze":[43],"validity":[45],"locally":[48],"constant":[49],"field":[50],"approximation":[51],"(LCFA),":[52],"which":[53],"represents":[54],"a":[55,65],"powerful":[56],"method":[57],"for":[58,112],"treating":[59],"inhomogeneous":[60],"backgrounds.":[62],"consider":[64],"combination":[66],"two":[68],"consecutive":[69],"time-dependent":[70],"Sauter":[71],"pulses":[72],"thoroughly":[74],"examine":[75],"effects":[77,177],"interference":[80,138],"role":[83],"Pauli":[86,119],"exclusion":[87],"principle.":[88],"It":[89,121,170],"is":[90,122,171],"shown":[91,172],"that":[92,124,173],"latter":[94],"can":[95],"be":[96],"approximately":[97],"incorporated":[98],"LCFA":[101,110,146],"when":[102],"computing":[103],"distributions,":[106],"while":[107],"closed-form":[109],"expression":[111],"particle":[115,142],"yield":[116],"completely":[117],"disregards":[118],"blocking.":[120],"demonstrated":[123],"presence":[127],"multiple":[129],"turning":[130],"points":[131],"classical":[133],"electron":[134],"trajectories,":[135],"one":[136],"observes":[137],"patterns":[139],"spectra,":[143],"may":[147],"significantly":[148],"overestimate":[149],"To":[154],"further":[155],"elaborate":[156],"this":[157],"issue,":[158],"analogous":[162],"case":[166],"scalar":[168],"QED.":[169],"statistics":[176],"enhance":[178],"bosons":[182],"produced.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}