{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4306155999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122","title":"A Novel Discrete-Time Chaos-Function-Based Random-Number Generator: Design and Variability Analysis","display_name":"A Novel Discrete-Time Chaos-Function-Based Random-Number Generator: Design and Variability Analysis","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4306155999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14102122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2122/pdf?version=1665982934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2122/pdf?version=1665982934","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055087341","display_name":"Magfirawaty Magfirawaty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799392579","display_name":"Jakarta State Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8qfb10","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magfirawaty Magfirawaty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9915-6966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067665567","display_name":"Andriani Adi Lestari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-4114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799392579","display_name":"Jakarta State Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8qfb10","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andriani Adi Lestari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6613-4114","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029995070","display_name":"Agus Reza Aristiadi Nurwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-7605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799392579","display_name":"Jakarta State Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/04v8qfb10","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agus Reza Aristiadi Nurwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-7605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cryptographic Hardware Engineering Programme, Politeknik Siber dan Sandi Negara, Bogor 16120, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799392579"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034537653","display_name":"Suryadi MT","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3104-8520"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29617571","display_name":"University of Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/0116zj450","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29617571"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suryadi MT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29617571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079944075","display_name":"Kalamullah Ramli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-4465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29617571","display_name":"University of Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/0116zj450","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29617571"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kalamullah Ramli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electrical of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-4465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electrical of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29617571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079944075"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29617571"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.7113,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70814785,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"2122","last_page":"2122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10244","display_name":"Chaos control and synchronization","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9692000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-map","display_name":"Logistic map","score":0.7803323268890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.6761246919631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.6653410792350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5570945739746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.48554083704948425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.4700314700603485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.42289048433303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.40817195177078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2671896517276764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17123720049858093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205330730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q587182","display_name":"Logistic map","level":3,"score":0.7803323268890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.6761246919631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.6653410792350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5570945739746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.48554083704948425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.4700314700603485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.42289048433303833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.40817195177078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2671896517276764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17123720049858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14102122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2122/pdf?version=1665982934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9ce3534594a447db94c2b47808113c83","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9ce3534594a447db94c2b47808113c83","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 14, Iss 10, p 2122 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/14/10/2122/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14102122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/10/2122/pdf?version=1665982934","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1303711645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"99/PKS/WR III/UI/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328515","funder_display_name":"Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7890370758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRJ- 7/LPDP/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328515","funder_display_name":"Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328515","display_name":"Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306155999.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4306155999.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W601637684","https://openalex.org/W1529513229","https://openalex.org/W1568276820","https://openalex.org/W1594978315","https://openalex.org/W1602417809","https://openalex.org/W2057392911","https://openalex.org/W2068063637","https://openalex.org/W2083724486","https://openalex.org/W2085319453","https://openalex.org/W2105145864","https://openalex.org/W2109394932","https://openalex.org/W2135836686","https://openalex.org/W2143035123","https://openalex.org/W2170141950","https://openalex.org/W2176627963","https://openalex.org/W2204310803","https://openalex.org/W2344654957","https://openalex.org/W2384141716","https://openalex.org/W2516950210","https://openalex.org/W2751685459","https://openalex.org/W2783246075","https://openalex.org/W2807951353","https://openalex.org/W2892160562","https://openalex.org/W2908420681","https://openalex.org/W2911062007","https://openalex.org/W2976764752","https://openalex.org/W2980608281","https://openalex.org/W2998636469","https://openalex.org/W3017188763","https://openalex.org/W3025809365","https://openalex.org/W3166013009","https://openalex.org/W4238828768","https://openalex.org/W4243494487","https://openalex.org/W4254369800","https://openalex.org/W4289127653","https://openalex.org/W6633907081","https://openalex.org/W6704647539","https://openalex.org/W6710049754","https://openalex.org/W6754569777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006887475","https://openalex.org/W3134921237","https://openalex.org/W2032644301","https://openalex.org/W2344061241","https://openalex.org/W2388148802","https://openalex.org/W2055371868","https://openalex.org/W2377672665","https://openalex.org/W236957874","https://openalex.org/W2005418990","https://openalex.org/W2903140093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,18,49,69,109,125,173,195],"novel":[4],"discrete-time":[5],"(DT)":[6],"chaotic":[7],"map-based":[8,197],"random-number":[9],"generator":[10],"(RNG),":[11],"namely":[12],"the":[13,21,34,82,93,105,117,134,143,153,162,184,187,200,206],"Siponi":[14,135,196],"map,":[15,172],"which":[16],"is":[17,27,68],"modification":[19],"of":[20,36,108,111,116],"Logistic":[22,25],"map.":[23],"The":[24,113],"map":[26,67,83,136],"usually":[28],"applied":[29],"to":[30,42,45,103,137,142,158],"cryptosystems,":[31],"mainly":[32],"for":[33,133],"purposes":[35],"generating":[37],"random":[38],"numbers.":[39],"In":[40],"addition":[41],"being":[43],"easy":[44],"implement,":[46],"it":[47,58],"has":[48],"better":[50],"security":[51],"level":[52],"than":[53],"other":[54],"nonlinear":[55],"functions.":[56],"However,":[57],"can":[59,73],"only":[60],"process":[61,74],"positive":[62,75],"real-number":[63],"inputs.":[64],"Our":[65],"proposed":[66,171],"deterministic":[70],"function":[71,155],"that":[72,205],"and":[76,85,89,99,150,182,203,216],"negative":[77],"real":[78],"values.":[79],"We":[80,91],"explored":[81],"comprehensively":[84],"investigated":[86],"its":[87],"characteristics":[88],"parameters.":[90],"calculated":[92],"optimum":[94],"parameter":[95,119,163],"values":[96],"using":[97],"empirical":[98],"theoretical":[100],"mathematical":[101],"models":[102],"yield":[104],"maximum":[106,118],"randomness":[107],"sequence":[110],"bits.":[112],"limit":[114],"variation":[115],"value":[120,157],"was":[121,131,165],"determined":[122],"based":[123],"on":[124,186,199],"practical":[126],"information":[127],"measure.":[128],"Empirical":[129],"verification":[130],"performed":[132],"generate":[138],"bit":[139,145],"sequences":[140],"unrelated":[141],"previous":[144],"with":[146],"high":[147],"entropy":[148],"values,":[149],"we":[151,192],"found":[152],"extractor":[154],"threshold":[156],"be":[159],"0.5,":[160],"while":[161],"control":[164],"\u22122":[166],"or":[167],"2.":[168],"Using":[169],"our":[170],"simple":[174],"RNG":[175,198],"without":[176],"post-processing":[177],"passed":[178],"DieHard":[179],"statistical":[180],"tests":[181,185],"all":[183],"NIST":[188],"SP":[189],"800-22.":[190],"Finally,":[191],"have":[193],"implemented":[194],"FPGA":[201],"board":[202],"demonstrated":[204],"sources":[207],"used":[208],"are":[209],"LUT":[210],"=":[211,214,218],"4086,":[212],"DSP":[213],"62,":[215],"register":[217],"2206.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}