{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4212939292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407","title":"Simplification of Galactic Dynamic Equations","display_name":"Simplification of Galactic Dynamic Equations","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4212939292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14020407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/407/pdf?version=1645178491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/407/pdf?version=1645178491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005181515","display_name":"Ying-Qiu Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-9084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Qiu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005181515"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.309,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63477692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"407","last_page":"407"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10463","display_name":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.802714467048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy","display_name":"Galaxy","score":0.6699818968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-matter","display_name":"Dark matter","score":0.5359583497047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/einstein-field-equations","display_name":"Einstein field equations","score":0.4675143361091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equations-of-motion","display_name":"Equations of motion","score":0.44788429141044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.4396120309829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-halo","display_name":"Galactic halo","score":0.4340454339981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galactic-tide","display_name":"Galactic tide","score":0.41448959708213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.409148633480072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitation","display_name":"Gravitation","score":0.39481717348098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halo","display_name":"Halo","score":0.22874417901039124}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.802714467048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.6699818968772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159249277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79925","display_name":"Dark matter","level":2,"score":0.5359583497047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273711","display_name":"Einstein field equations","level":3,"score":0.4675143361091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14037181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215007","display_name":"Equations of motion","level":2,"score":0.44788429141044617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.4396120309829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48387981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631379","display_name":"Galactic halo","level":4,"score":0.4340454339981079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34528125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931727","display_name":"Galactic tide","level":5,"score":0.41448959708213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.409148633480072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.39481717348098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184665706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186310","display_name":"Halo","level":3,"score":0.22874417901039124}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14020407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/407/pdf?version=1645178491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8bc483e184ed468eac23d34584089056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8bc483e184ed468eac23d34584089056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 407 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/14/2/407/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym14020407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14020407","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/14/2/407/pdf?version=1645178491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212939292.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4212939292.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546157587","https://openalex.org/W1583458122","https://openalex.org/W1631788275","https://openalex.org/W1892180089","https://openalex.org/W1949804499","https://openalex.org/W1964333560","https://openalex.org/W1966902691","https://openalex.org/W1980334213","https://openalex.org/W1985873501","https://openalex.org/W1990148897","https://openalex.org/W2015928504","https://openalex.org/W2040538163","https://openalex.org/W2057566831","https://openalex.org/W2061574746","https://openalex.org/W2062540759","https://openalex.org/W2065726607","https://openalex.org/W2074178695","https://openalex.org/W2080908476","https://openalex.org/W2135340504","https://openalex.org/W2765081049","https://openalex.org/W2788752629","https://openalex.org/W2951153815","https://openalex.org/W2953065277","https://openalex.org/W2963967604","https://openalex.org/W3103786170","https://openalex.org/W3103823278","https://openalex.org/W3121893319","https://openalex.org/W3206515985","https://openalex.org/W3216468824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2241726977","https://openalex.org/W3044791732","https://openalex.org/W2023915951","https://openalex.org/W2116578676","https://openalex.org/W130344622","https://openalex.org/W4214671426","https://openalex.org/W2096881443","https://openalex.org/W3099191062","https://openalex.org/W3176816551","https://openalex.org/W2032202781"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Galactic":[0],"dynamics":[1,42,213],"is":[2,102,120,136,268],"the":[3,15,33,40,51,56,60,69,98,118,124,155,159,175,186,189,192,208,220,236,253,272],"foundation":[4],"for":[5,10,252],"simulating":[6],"galactic":[7,41,212,257],"structure":[8,116],"and":[9,23,46,68,72,94,97,158,178,197,203,219,224,249,259],"solving":[11],"other":[12],"problems.":[13,264],"However,":[14],"traditional":[16],"dynamic":[17,242],"equations":[18,190,209,221],"include":[19],"some":[20],"unreasonable":[21],"assumptions":[22,196],"are":[24,148,162,199,214,222],"therefore":[25],"scientifically":[26],"invalid.":[27],"In":[28,50,152,265],"this":[29,240],"paper,":[30],"by":[31,184,201],"introducing":[32],"following":[34],"three":[35],"working":[36],"assumptions,":[37],"we":[38],"established":[39],"of":[43,53,59,76,100,106,117,131,133,140,188,207,210,256,274],"high":[44],"precision":[45],"convenient":[47],"formalism.":[48],"1.":[49],"research":[52],"large-scale":[54],"structure,":[55,258],"retarded":[57],"potential":[58],"gravitational":[61],"field":[62,71,78],"should":[63,80,91],"be":[64,81,92,171,182,226],"taken":[65],"into":[66],"account,":[67],"weak":[70],"low":[73],"velocity":[74],"approximation":[75],"Einstein\u2019s":[77],"equation":[79,99,130,243],"adopted.":[82],"2.":[83],"The":[84,115,129,165,205,233],"stars":[85],"in":[86,278],"a":[87,153,230,246],"fully":[88],"developed":[89],"galaxy":[90,119],"zero-pressure":[93],"inviscid":[95],"fluid,":[96],"motion":[101],"different":[103,137],"from":[104,138,216],"that":[105,139],"ordinary":[107,141,160],"continuum":[108],"mechanics.":[109],"Stars":[110],"move":[111],"along":[112],"geodesics.":[113],"3.":[114],"only":[121],"related":[122,270],"to":[123,174,229,271],"total":[125,166],"mass":[126,167],"density":[127,168],"distribution.":[128],"state":[132],"dark":[134,156,275],"halo":[135,157,277],"luminous":[142],"interstellar":[143],"matter,":[144],"so":[145],"their":[146],"trajectories":[147],"also":[149],"very":[150],"different.":[151],"galaxy,":[154],"matter":[161,276],"automatically":[163],"separated.":[164],"distribution":[169],"can":[170,181,225,260],"presupposed":[172],"according":[173,228],"observation":[176],"data,":[177],"then":[179],"it":[180,267],"determined":[183],"comparing":[185],"solution":[187,234],"with":[191],"observed":[193],"data.":[194],"These":[195],"treatments":[198],"supported":[200],"theory":[202],"observation.":[204],"variables":[206],"simplified":[211,241],"separated":[215],"each":[217],"other,":[218],"well-posed":[223],"solved":[227],"definite":[231],"procedure.":[232],"explains":[235],"Tully\u2013Fisher":[237],"relation.":[238],"Therefore,":[239],"system":[244],"provides":[245],"more":[247],"reasonable":[248],"practical":[250,263],"framework":[251],"further":[254],"study":[255,273],"solve":[261],"many":[262],"addition,":[266],"closely":[269],"galaxy.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}