{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195450098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","title":"Building a Connected Communication Network for UAV Clusters Using DE-MADDPG","display_name":"Building a Connected Communication Network for UAV Clusters Using DE-MADDPG","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195450098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","mag":"3195450098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1537/pdf?version=1629875975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1537/pdf?version=1629875975","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064678168","display_name":"Zixiong Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0316-3433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zixiong Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Aerospace Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Aerospace Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017059438","display_name":"Nianhao Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0473-9411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nianhao Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Aerospace Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mechanics, Institute of Aerospace Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059695746","display_name":"Kang Zong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160531","display_name":"Chinese People's Liberation Army","ror":"https://ror.org/05tf9r976","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang Zong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defense Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Military Science, Beijing 100071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Military Science, Beijing 100071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160531"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075801084","display_name":"Lei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0345-4708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160531","display_name":"Chinese People's Liberation Army","ror":"https://ror.org/05tf9r976","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defense Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Military Science, Beijing 100071, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Military Science, Beijing 100071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075801084"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160531"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":7.2465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96612185,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"1537","last_page":"1537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9316999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7408335208892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7333062291145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5248113870620728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4816204905509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.4503898322582245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4448859989643097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.4409436285495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4361540973186493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36830830574035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.24126464128494263}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7408335208892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7333062291145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5248113870620728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4816204905509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4503898322582245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4448859989643097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.4409436285495758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4361540973186493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36830830574035645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.24126464128494263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1537/pdf?version=1629875975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a841d64d3cbf4fec9da4352e218c7f31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a841d64d3cbf4fec9da4352e218c7f31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 8, p 1537 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/8/1537/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081537","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1537/pdf?version=1629875975","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195450098.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195450098.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85044812","https://openalex.org/W1542941925","https://openalex.org/W1974676331","https://openalex.org/W2015410655","https://openalex.org/W2025373161","https://openalex.org/W2053651188","https://openalex.org/W2142928312","https://openalex.org/W2143969246","https://openalex.org/W2323417403","https://openalex.org/W2517499003","https://openalex.org/W2623431351","https://openalex.org/W2766990072","https://openalex.org/W2768629321","https://openalex.org/W2790933363","https://openalex.org/W2794160160","https://openalex.org/W2799343071","https://openalex.org/W2886509985","https://openalex.org/W2908611764","https://openalex.org/W2976344064","https://openalex.org/W2982599276","https://openalex.org/W2990382694","https://openalex.org/W3013500184","https://openalex.org/W3016335401","https://openalex.org/W3036305875","https://openalex.org/W3089506933","https://openalex.org/W3090573937","https://openalex.org/W3131448887","https://openalex.org/W3155372525","https://openalex.org/W3156295478","https://openalex.org/W3183364262","https://openalex.org/W3185864903","https://openalex.org/W6677653198"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4306904969","https://openalex.org/W2138720691","https://openalex.org/W4362501864","https://openalex.org/W4380318855","https://openalex.org/W3084456289","https://openalex.org/W2024136090","https://openalex.org/W4391331176","https://openalex.org/W2031695474","https://openalex.org/W2586732548","https://openalex.org/W2964765435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clusters":[0],"of":[1,18,50,69,77,95,107,156,182,193,206,218,225,232],"unmanned":[2],"aerial":[3],"vehicles":[4],"(UAVs)":[5],"are":[6,45],"often":[7,89],"used":[8],"to":[9,34,58,143,178],"perform":[10],"complex":[11,36],"tasks.":[12],"In":[13,52],"such":[14,53],"clusters,":[15],"the":[16,19,23,35,43,48,60,64,70,75,78,92,96,108,135,154,157,168,174,180,183,191,194,197,204,207,215,219,226,230,233],"reliability":[17],"communication":[20,40,146],"network":[21,147],"connecting":[22],"UAVs":[24],"is":[25,56,221],"an":[26],"essential":[27],"factor":[28],"in":[29,123,185,196],"their":[30],"collective":[31],"efficiency.":[32],"Due":[33],"wireless":[37],"environment,":[38],"however,":[39,102],"malfunctions":[41],"within":[42],"cluster":[44,61,71,87,130],"likely":[46],"during":[47],"flight":[49],"UAVs.":[51,98],"cases,":[54],"it":[55],"important":[57],"control":[59,79,83,112,131],"and":[62],"rebuild":[63,144],"connected":[65],"network.":[66],"The":[67,81,99,151],"asymmetry":[68],"topology":[72],"also":[73,202],"increases":[74],"complexity":[76],"mechanisms.":[80],"traditional":[82,158],"methods":[84],"based":[85,114,133],"on":[86,91,115,134],"consistency":[88],"rely":[90],"motion":[93,100],"information":[94],"neighboring":[97],"information,":[101],"may":[103],"become":[104],"unavailable":[105],"because":[106],"interrupted":[109],"communications.":[110],"UAV":[111,149],"algorithms":[113],"deep":[116,160],"reinforcement":[117,198],"learning":[118,199],"have":[119],"achieved":[120],"outstanding":[121],"results":[122],"many":[124],"fields.":[125],"Here,":[126],"we":[127,201],"propose":[128,203],"a":[129,145],"method":[132],"Decomposed":[136],"Multi-Agent":[137],"Deep":[138],"Deterministic":[139],"Policy":[140],"Gradient":[141],"(DE-MADDPG)":[142],"for":[148],"clusters.":[150],"DE-MADDPG":[152,220],"improves":[153],"framework":[155],"multi-agent":[159],"deterministic":[161],"policy":[162],"gradient":[163],"(MADDPG)":[164],"algorithm":[165,184],"by":[166],"decomposing":[167],"reward":[169,175,187],"function.":[170],"We":[171],"further":[172],"introduce":[173],"reshaping":[176],"function":[177],"facilitate":[179],"convergence":[181],"sparse":[186],"environments.":[188],"To":[189],"address":[190],"instability":[192],"state-space":[195],"framework,":[200],"notion":[205],"virtual":[208],"leader\u2013follower":[209],"model.":[210],"Extensive":[211],"simulations":[212],"show":[213],"that":[214,224],"success":[216],"rate":[217],"higher":[222],"than":[223],"MADDPG":[227],"algorithm,":[228],"confirming":[229],"effectiveness":[231],"proposed":[234],"method.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
