{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3188625583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","title":"Dynamical Properties of Baryons","display_name":"Dynamical Properties of Baryons","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3188625583","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","mag":"3188625583"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1480/pdf?version=1628763897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1480/pdf?version=1628763897","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019377177","display_name":"E. Tomasi\u2010Gustafsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-3948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738703131","display_name":"Commissariat \u00e0 l'\u00c9nergie Atomique et aux \u00c9nergies Alternatives","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjx8s55","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I277688954","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjwb503","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I277688954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128565","display_name":"CEA Paris-Saclay","ror":"https://ror.org/03n15ch10","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165232","display_name":"Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers","ror":"https://ror.org/05k705z76","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210113668","https://openalex.org/I4210165232"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Egle Tomasi-Gustafsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEA, IRFU, D\u00e9partement de Physique Nucl\u00e9aire, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5263-3948","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEA, IRFU, D\u00e9partement de Physique Nucl\u00e9aire, Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CEDEX, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165232","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I4210128565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103145263","display_name":"A. Bianconi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-0624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160013858","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare","ror":"https://ror.org/005ta0471","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79940851","display_name":"University of Brescia","ror":"https://ror.org/02q2d2610","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Bianconi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell\u2019Informazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy","Gruppo Collegato di Brescia, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, 25133 Brescia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-0624","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell\u2019Informazione, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79940851"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gruppo Collegato di Brescia, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, 25133 Brescia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160013858"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105758796","display_name":"S. Pacetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-3508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163778","display_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia","ror":"https://ror.org/05478fx36","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I4210163778"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simone Pacetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6385-3508","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, INFN Sezione di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019377177","https://openalex.org/A5103145263","https://openalex.org/A5105758796"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160013858","https://openalex.org/I2738703131","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210128565","https://openalex.org/I4210163778","https://openalex.org/I4210165232","https://openalex.org/I79940851"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.5081,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87165118,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"8","first_page":"1480","last_page":"1480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10048","display_name":"Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10224","display_name":"Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10527","display_name":"High-Energy Particle Collisions Research","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.8854318857192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annihilation","display_name":"Annihilation","score":0.8117418885231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baryon","display_name":"Baryon","score":0.6679176688194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-physics","display_name":"Particle physics","score":0.5893104076385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-particle","display_name":"Virtual particle","score":0.587767481803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polarization","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","score":0.5454923510551453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron","display_name":"Electron","score":0.5296226143836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.515956699848175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elementary-particle","display_name":"Elementary particle","score":0.4736917018890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photon","display_name":"Photon","score":0.47172704339027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-matter","display_name":"Dark matter","score":0.4452482759952545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-physics","display_name":"Nuclear physics","score":0.42916256189346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.16229498386383057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8854318857192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201941533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188721","display_name":"Annihilation","level":2,"score":0.8117418885231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154153549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159731","display_name":"Baryon","level":2,"score":0.6679176688194275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.5893104076385498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178803272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849940","display_name":"Virtual particle","level":3,"score":0.587767481803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5454923510551453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.5296226143836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.515956699848175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102999125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43116","display_name":"Elementary particle","level":2,"score":0.4736917018890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.47172704339027405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159249277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79925","display_name":"Dark matter","level":2,"score":0.4452482759952545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.42916256189346313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.16229498386383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1480/pdf?version=1628763897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03346527v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03346527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, 2021, 13 (8), pp.1480. &#x27E8;10.3390/sym13081480&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4c9595ee1073463cb0fb62b6e8e8ffb3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4c9595ee1073463cb0fb62b6e8e8ffb3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 8, p 1480 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/8/1480/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:175308","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/175308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.175308","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.175308","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"graphic"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13081480","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13081480","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/8/1480/pdf?version=1628763897","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188625583.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3188625583.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34510497","https://openalex.org/W153622925","https://openalex.org/W1559223092","https://openalex.org/W1616245809","https://openalex.org/W1964489342","https://openalex.org/W1972359734","https://openalex.org/W1993707372","https://openalex.org/W2036690931","https://openalex.org/W2040136901","https://openalex.org/W2044732472","https://openalex.org/W2053594692","https://openalex.org/W2056231977","https://openalex.org/W2059382195","https://openalex.org/W2063477542","https://openalex.org/W2081741086","https://openalex.org/W2131351901","https://openalex.org/W2140142256","https://openalex.org/W2265425433","https://openalex.org/W2278803415","https://openalex.org/W2741029780","https://openalex.org/W2945504055","https://openalex.org/W2946282268","https://openalex.org/W2947750765","https://openalex.org/W2967842331","https://openalex.org/W3105147407","https://openalex.org/W3116058885","https://openalex.org/W3128365523","https://openalex.org/W3165943114","https://openalex.org/W6601371069","https://openalex.org/W6606255690"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3116748789","https://openalex.org/W2056385057","https://openalex.org/W2020332323","https://openalex.org/W91429541","https://openalex.org/W2074778804","https://openalex.org/W159794551","https://openalex.org/W296957936","https://openalex.org/W26039056","https://openalex.org/W2339929563","https://openalex.org/W2083795546"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,98],"internal":[1],"structure":[2,145,160],"of":[3,11,22,36,108,121,143,161,173,178],"composite":[4],"particles":[5],"is":[6,47,96],"conveniently":[7],"described":[8],"in":[9,18,61,91,104,114,125,146,164,166],"terms":[10],"form":[12,112,123],"factors":[13,113,124],"(FFs)\u2014these":[14],"are":[15,26,130],"experimentally":[16],"accessible":[17],"annihilation":[19,148,177],"and":[20,25,63,76,89,93,118,137,176],"scattering":[21],"elementary":[23],"reactions,":[24],"theoretically":[27],"calculable":[28],"by":[29,51,71,77,102],"all":[30],"models":[31],"that":[32,55],"describe":[33],"the":[34,48,52,57,73,86,106,115,119,126,141,147,158,174],"properties":[35],"particles.":[37],"FFs":[38],"depend":[39],"only":[40],"on":[41,85],"one":[42],"kinematical":[43,74,128],"variable,":[44],"q2.":[45],"This":[46],"four-momentum":[49],"transferred":[50],"virtual":[53],"photon":[54],"carries":[56],"interaction.":[58],"Important":[59],"developments":[60],"accelerator":[62],"detector":[64],"techniques":[65],"have":[66],"brought":[67],"impressive":[68],"advances,":[69],"both":[70],"extending":[72],"region":[75],"reaching":[78],"a":[79,153,170],"higher":[80],"precision.":[81],"A":[82],"critical":[83],"review":[84],"underlying":[87],"methods":[88],"findings":[90],"polarized":[92],"unpolarized":[94],"experiments":[95],"presented.":[97],"unique":[99],"role":[100],"played":[101],"polarization":[103],"determining":[105],"ratio":[107],"electric":[109],"to":[110,168],"magnetic":[111],"space-like":[116],"region,":[117,129],"extraction":[120],"individual":[122],"whole":[127],"described.":[131],"Recent":[132],"results":[133],"at":[134],"electron":[135],"accelerators":[136],"electron\u2013positron":[138],"colliders":[139],"confirm":[140],"existence":[142],"periodical":[144],"cross":[149],"section.":[150],"We":[151],"suggest":[152],"global":[154],"framework":[155],"which":[156],"describes":[157],"dynamical":[159],"charge":[162],"distribution":[163],"baryons,":[165],"order":[167],"build":[169],"coherent":[171],"view":[172],"creation":[175],"baryonic":[179],"matter.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
