{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3160106619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","title":"KRRecover: An Auto-Recovery Tool for Hijacked Devices and Encrypted Files by Ransomwares on Android","display_name":"KRRecover: An Auto-Recovery Tool for Hijacked Devices and Encrypted Files by Ransomwares on Android","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3160106619","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","mag":"3160106619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13050861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/5/861/pdf?version=1620811076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/5/861/pdf?version=1620811076","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022188964","display_name":"Senmiao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Senmiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040230786","display_name":"Su\u2010Juan Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6405-6711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujuan Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076940849","display_name":"Nengqiang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8698-7365"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087772","display_name":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of Chinar","ror":"https://ror.org/00247dh76","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nengqiang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), Beijing 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046654644","display_name":"Tengfei Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-5347"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tengfei Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037467807","display_name":"Junjie Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100651786","display_name":"Hua Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2212-2506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102490382","display_name":"Yijie Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7357-7826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yijie Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040230786","https://openalex.org/A5046654644","https://openalex.org/A5076940849"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4210087772"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.4631,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59962494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"861","last_page":"861"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.991599977016449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7891401052474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.7626535296440125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6731796860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.6054564714431763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.48466235399246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ransom","display_name":"Ransom","score":0.4497140645980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.44077789783477783}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7891401052474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.7626535296440125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6731796860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.6054564714431763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.48466235399246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781426709","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414572","display_name":"Ransom","level":2,"score":0.4497140645980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.44077789783477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13050861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/5/861/pdf?version=1620811076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cbf6a8f90c564cee826dc133387309b5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cbf6a8f90c564cee826dc133387309b5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 5, p 861 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/5/861/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry; Volume 13; Issue 5; Pages: 861","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13050861","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13050861","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/5/861/pdf?version=1620811076","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160106619.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3160106619.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066596410","https://openalex.org/W2104839588","https://openalex.org/W2114972738","https://openalex.org/W2119359024","https://openalex.org/W2122672392","https://openalex.org/W2296579688","https://openalex.org/W2461373307","https://openalex.org/W2513529237","https://openalex.org/W2559964890","https://openalex.org/W2574928120","https://openalex.org/W2601591992","https://openalex.org/W2619422284","https://openalex.org/W2622792837","https://openalex.org/W2780577826","https://openalex.org/W2883366280","https://openalex.org/W2910470804","https://openalex.org/W3206858529","https://openalex.org/W4242127608"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2519510627","https://openalex.org/W2317284651","https://openalex.org/W2756362805","https://openalex.org/W4247997640","https://openalex.org/W2365166239","https://openalex.org/W2389019629","https://openalex.org/W4296722712","https://openalex.org/W3211877376","https://openalex.org/W4387723305","https://openalex.org/W1565885216"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ransomwares":[0],"on":[1,130],"Android":[2],"have":[3],"become":[4],"a":[5],"challenging":[6],"threat,":[7],"performing":[8],"tasks":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"hijacking":[12],"screen":[13,76],"resources,":[14,94],"locking":[15],"devices,":[16],"and":[17,54,71,83,98,106,113,126],"encrypting":[18],"files.":[19,101],"Even":[20],"worse,":[21],"with":[22,48],"the":[23,49,65,68,72,123],"evolution":[24],"of":[25,33,51,75,91],"ransomwares,":[26,79,110],"many":[27],"ransomwares":[28,82],"can":[29],"disable":[30],"USB":[31],"interfaces":[32],"mobile":[34,104],"devices.":[35],"It":[36],"is":[37,119],"difficult":[38],"for":[39],"users":[40],"to":[41,58,121],"recover":[42,122],"their":[43],"devices":[44,80,97,105,125],"or":[45],"decrypt":[46,127],"files":[47,84,108,129],"help":[50],"other":[52],"equipment":[53],"gives":[55],"monetary":[56],"damages":[57],"victims.":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"paper,":[62],"we":[63,111],"analyse":[64],"symmetry":[66],"between":[67],"ransom":[69],"behaviours":[70],"source":[73],"code":[74],"resource":[77],"hijacked":[78,93,96,124],"locked":[81],"encrypted":[85,100,128],"ransomwares.":[86],"We":[87],"also":[88],"propose":[89],"strategies":[90],"recovering":[92,95],"decrypting":[99],"To":[102],"protect":[103],"private":[107],"from":[109],"design":[112],"implement":[114],"an":[115],"automatic":[116],"recovery":[117],"application\u2014KRRecover\u2014which":[118],"used":[120],"Android.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2021-05-24T00:00:00"}
