{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3135017326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","title":"Quantum Retrodiction: Foundations and Controversies","display_name":"Quantum Retrodiction: Foundations and Controversies","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3135017326","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","mag":"3135017326"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13040586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/4/586/pdf?version=1617939669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/4/586/pdf?version=1617939669","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085565215","display_name":"Stephen M. Barnett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-4524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephen M. Barnett","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-4524","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045816572","display_name":"John Jeffers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-1675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","display_name":"University of Strathclyde","ror":"https://ror.org/00n3w3b69","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125355","display_name":"Scottish Universities Physics Alliance","ror":"https://ror.org/026efkc57","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125355"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Jeffers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK","Scottish Universities Physics Alliance"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8573-1675","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scottish Universities Physics Alliance","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125355"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111826506","display_name":"David T. Pegg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","display_name":"Griffith University","ror":"https://ror.org/02sc3r913","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091585","display_name":"Quantum (Australia)","ror":"https://ror.org/00bp6rb10","country_code":"AU","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091585"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David T. Pegg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quantum Dynamics, School of Science, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quantum Dynamics, School of Science, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11701301","https://openalex.org/I4210091585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085565215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.1496,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49497496,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"586","last_page":"586"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12261","display_name":"Statistical Mechanics and Entropy","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9678000211715698,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayes-theorem","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","score":0.6275208592414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6131634712219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5772112011909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","score":0.5170398354530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.5132482051849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connection","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","score":0.4238578677177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23569458723068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1932281255722046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207201462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182505","display_name":"Bayes' theorem","level":3,"score":0.6275208592414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6131634712219238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5772112011909485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5170398354530334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.5132482051849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.4238578677177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23569458723068237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1932281255722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":9,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13040586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/4/586/pdf?version=1617939669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:238088","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:strathprints.strath.ac.uk:76021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/view/author/20226.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402226","display_name":"Strathprints: The University of Strathclyde institutional repository (University of Strathclyde)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I181647926","host_organization_name":"University of Strathclyde","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181647926"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2103.06074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06074","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.06074","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3135017326","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/2103.06074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:30ad2eaa766c4908b00b4fca97a8d6c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/30ad2eaa766c4908b00b4fca97a8d6c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 586 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/4/586/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/403913","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/403913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2103.06074","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2103.06074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13040586","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13040586","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/4/586/pdf?version=1617939669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3135017326.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W649014632","https://openalex.org/W1509562192","https://openalex.org/W1511447649","https://openalex.org/W1530682388","https://openalex.org/W1533179050","https://openalex.org/W1552736770","https://openalex.org/W1606642326","https://openalex.org/W1662373048","https://openalex.org/W1667072716","https://openalex.org/W1714805558","https://openalex.org/W1862770272","https://openalex.org/W1891707817","https://openalex.org/W1965102016","https://openalex.org/W1988022340","https://openalex.org/W1992723105","https://openalex.org/W1994786006","https://openalex.org/W1997093580","https://openalex.org/W1997999347","https://openalex.org/W1999168577","https://openalex.org/W2003304059","https://openalex.org/W2007237573","https://openalex.org/W2008426564","https://openalex.org/W2008984170","https://openalex.org/W2018345704","https://openalex.org/W2019442644","https://openalex.org/W2020050358","https://openalex.org/W2026036269","https://openalex.org/W2026564324","https://openalex.org/W2034661659","https://openalex.org/W2037939815","https://openalex.org/W2041907204","https://openalex.org/W2042200418","https://openalex.org/W2043777936","https://openalex.org/W2045223791","https://openalex.org/W2055993996","https://openalex.org/W2057562755","https://openalex.org/W2058566146","https://openalex.org/W2063029054","https://openalex.org/W2073804048","https://openalex.org/W2082739523","https://openalex.org/W2084591940","https://openalex.org/W2093861841","https://openalex.org/W2101118764","https://openalex.org/W2105552751","https://openalex.org/W2107088830","https://openalex.org/W2127251285","https://openalex.org/W2137852732","https://openalex.org/W2156273867","https://openalex.org/W2165365558","https://openalex.org/W2232964665","https://openalex.org/W2293403036","https://openalex.org/W2485759473","https://openalex.org/W2493977830","https://openalex.org/W2505136320","https://openalex.org/W2564675661","https://openalex.org/W2612241587","https://openalex.org/W2797909196","https://openalex.org/W2807981689","https://openalex.org/W2899782607","https://openalex.org/W2913803685","https://openalex.org/W3025024325","https://openalex.org/W3035632153","https://openalex.org/W3040996531","https://openalex.org/W3042371406","https://openalex.org/W3049188988","https://openalex.org/W3088530327","https://openalex.org/W3100955243","https://openalex.org/W3140968660","https://openalex.org/W3160250412","https://openalex.org/W4239554527","https://openalex.org/W4246202617","https://openalex.org/W4248004713","https://openalex.org/W4252923022","https://openalex.org/W4299551239","https://openalex.org/W4312422136"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2751901193","https://openalex.org/W2750984812","https://openalex.org/W1535173667","https://openalex.org/W2896985370","https://openalex.org/W2460611472","https://openalex.org/W2963594870","https://openalex.org/W2952418675","https://openalex.org/W2169157513","https://openalex.org/W3138880749","https://openalex.org/W2950840345","https://openalex.org/W2171943502","https://openalex.org/W2952702217","https://openalex.org/W3206488798","https://openalex.org/W2921066458","https://openalex.org/W2782092012","https://openalex.org/W2342730350","https://openalex.org/W3206580709","https://openalex.org/W3113149952","https://openalex.org/W1995286640","https://openalex.org/W1507201342"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prediction":[0],"is":[1,16,72],"the":[2,17,30,41,65],"making":[3,18],"of":[4,19,32,44],"statements,":[5],"usually":[6],"probabilistic,":[7],"about":[8,21,59],"future":[9],"events":[10,23],"based":[11,24],"on":[12,25],"current":[13,26],"information.":[14,27],"Retrodiction":[15],"statements":[20],"past":[22],"We":[28],"present":[29],"foundations":[31],"quantum":[33,70,83],"retrodiction":[34,60,71],"and":[35,57,75],"highlight":[36],"its":[37,77],"intimate":[38],"connection":[39],"with":[40,49,86],"Bayesian":[42,50],"interpretation":[43],"probability.":[45],"The":[46],"close":[47],"link":[48],"methods":[51],"enables":[52],"us":[53],"to":[54],"explore":[55],"controversies":[56],"misunderstandings":[58],"that":[61],"have":[62],"appeared":[63],"in":[64],"literature.":[66],"To":[67],"be":[68],"clear,":[69],"universally":[73],"applicable":[74],"draws":[76],"validity":[78],"directly":[79],"from":[80],"conventional":[81],"predictive":[82],"theory":[84],"coupled":[85],"Bayes\u2019":[87],"theorem.":[88]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
