{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3126317758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","title":"Bootstrapped Motion of an Agent on an Adaptive Resource Landscape","display_name":"Bootstrapped Motion of an Agent on an Adaptive Resource Landscape","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3126317758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","mag":"3126317758"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13020225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/2/225/pdf?version=1612759351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/2/225/pdf?version=1612759351","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030390898","display_name":"Trung V. Phan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-8119"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trung V. Phan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-8119","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100648730","display_name":"Gao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6254-5896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6254-5896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101635487","display_name":"Liyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9784-8240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9784-8240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Smart Materials, College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081117311","display_name":"Robert H. Austin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4269-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. Austin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081117311"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":1.026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73769152,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"225","last_page":"225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11486","display_name":"Micro and Nano Robotics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10249","display_name":"Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.6487202048301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realization","display_name":"Realization (probability)","score":0.5875861048698425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.5735398530960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.5437837839126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5308716297149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.5020532608032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.40269213914871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.35152125358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3299272358417511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23132804036140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20766252279281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.08515262603759766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.6487202048301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781089630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21856745","display_name":"Realization (probability)","level":2,"score":0.5875861048698425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5735398530960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.5437837839126587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5308716297149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5020532608032227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.40269213914871216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.35152125358581543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3299272358417511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23132804036140442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20766252279281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08515262603759766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13020225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/2/225/pdf?version=1612759351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b0956c9547a64755abfd6a02c6052748","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b0956c9547a64755abfd6a02c6052748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 225 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/2/225/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13020225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13020225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/2/225/pdf?version=1612759351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G866662053","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PHY-16659940","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3126317758.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2094806352","https://openalex.org/W2123834061","https://openalex.org/W2161826966","https://openalex.org/W2279369962","https://openalex.org/W2319680621","https://openalex.org/W2336694207","https://openalex.org/W2950647616","https://openalex.org/W3010371906","https://openalex.org/W3043967537","https://openalex.org/W3081134611","https://openalex.org/W3100472504","https://openalex.org/W3211458324","https://openalex.org/W4244066891","https://openalex.org/W6780480284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022544890","https://openalex.org/W2394097730","https://openalex.org/W2043523297","https://openalex.org/W2475378634","https://openalex.org/W2113405914","https://openalex.org/W4312353617","https://openalex.org/W2260963831","https://openalex.org/W4235249401","https://openalex.org/W2331305369","https://openalex.org/W2076430825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,65],"theoretically":[1],"show":[2,35,67],"that":[3,6,68],"isolated":[4],"agents":[5,52],"locally":[7],"and":[8,12,33],"symmetrically":[9],"consume":[10],"resources":[11],"sense":[13],"positive":[14],"resource":[15,23,87,93],"gradients":[16,24],"can":[17,47],"generate":[18],"constant":[19],"motion":[20,40,46,105],"via":[21],"bootstrapped":[22],"in":[25,69],"the":[26,91,96],"absence":[27],"of":[28,38],"any":[29],"externally":[30,73],"imposed":[31,74],"gradients,":[32],"we":[34],"a":[36,56,70,113],"realization":[37],"this":[39],"using":[41],"robots.":[42],"This":[43,102],"self-generated":[44],"agent":[45,81],"be":[48],"coupled":[49],"with":[50,112],"neighboring":[51],"to":[53,82,90],"act":[54],"as":[55],"spontaneously":[57],"broken":[58],"symmetry":[59],"seed":[60],"for":[61,79],"emergent":[62],"collective":[63],"dynamics.":[64],"also":[66],"sufficiently":[71],"weak":[72],"gradient,":[75],"it":[76],"is":[77,110],"possible":[78],"an":[80,85,100,107,118],"move":[83],"against":[84,106],"external":[86,108],"gradient":[88,109],"due":[89],"local":[92],"depression":[94],"on":[95,117],"landscape":[97],"created":[98],"by":[99],"agent.":[101],"counter-intuitive":[103],"boot-strapped":[104],"demonstrated":[111],"simple":[114],"robot":[115],"system":[116],"light-emitting":[119],"diode":[120],"(LED)":[121],"light-board.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}