{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3115222776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","title":"A Physical Layer Security Enhancement Scheme under the Ambient Backscatter System","display_name":"A Physical Layer Security Enhancement Scheme under the Ambient Backscatter System","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3115222776","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","mag":"3115222776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/1/5/pdf?version=1608642594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/1/5/pdf?version=1608642594","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101475770","display_name":"Pengfei Hou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113560871","display_name":"Jianping Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianping Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050228714","display_name":"Jumin Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-4053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jumin Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collage of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Shanxi 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050228714"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":0.1627,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.47098293,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-noise","display_name":"Artificial noise","score":0.8668773770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.8035148978233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7477095127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.6671178340911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.6610395908355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.6226101517677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5709638595581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency-identification","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","score":0.5324972867965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5212260484695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5188804268836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4947361648082733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4642093777656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.42016273736953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4161778390407562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3977396488189697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3345790505409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.28624117374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2214190661907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.17334124445915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13341277837753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09767404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07510143518447876}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780909371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4801092","display_name":"Artificial noise","level":4,"score":0.8668773770332336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.8035148978233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7477095127105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.6671178340911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.6610395908355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.6226101517677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5709638595581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204222849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104954","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","level":2,"score":0.5324972867965698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5212260484695435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5188804268836975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4947361648082733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4642093777656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.42016273736953735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4161778390407562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3977396488189697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3345790505409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.28624117374420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2214190661907196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.17334124445915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13341277837753296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09767404198646545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07510143518447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/1/5/pdf?version=1608642594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:8248614393564b95805637be8257695c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/8248614393564b95805637be8257695c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 13, Iss 1, p 5 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/13/1/5/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym13010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13010005","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/13/1/5/pdf?version=1608642594","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8100000023841858}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3115222776.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007529001","https://openalex.org/W2041235917","https://openalex.org/W2163754837","https://openalex.org/W2167165277","https://openalex.org/W2322398249","https://openalex.org/W2553476303","https://openalex.org/W2735701230","https://openalex.org/W2761858755","https://openalex.org/W2775135700","https://openalex.org/W2783633736","https://openalex.org/W2791978050","https://openalex.org/W2890910667","https://openalex.org/W2898229569","https://openalex.org/W2908291798","https://openalex.org/W2924283886","https://openalex.org/W2963596355","https://openalex.org/W2963907541","https://openalex.org/W2980204633","https://openalex.org/W3005943402"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391308034","https://openalex.org/W2765236478","https://openalex.org/W2951619176","https://openalex.org/W4360996312","https://openalex.org/W2529506699","https://openalex.org/W4390240227","https://openalex.org/W3036307543","https://openalex.org/W2290997318","https://openalex.org/W4237311310","https://openalex.org/W4256489728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,63],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,67],"proposed":[4,156],"a":[5],"scheme":[6,158,165],"that":[7,98,136],"Injects":[8],"artificial":[9,96,123],"noise":[10,97,113,124],"from":[11],"the":[12,18,23,32,36,46,52,64,69,75,79,88,100,104,109,116,120,126,130,138,148,151,155,163,175,180],"tag":[13,71,93],"end":[14],"(IANT)":[15],"to":[16,54,72,78,94,118,162],"enhance":[17],"physical":[19,176],"layer":[20,177],"security":[21,178],"of":[22,103,111,122,153,168,179],"ambient":[24],"backscatter":[25],"communication":[26],"(ABC)":[27],"system.":[28,182],"The":[29,132],"difference":[30],"between":[31,82,143],"ABC":[33,181],"system":[34,41,169],"and":[35,57,84,86,145,147],"traditional":[37],"radio":[38,47],"frequency":[39,48],"identification":[40],"is":[42,159],"whether":[43],"it":[44],"uses":[45,108],"(RF)":[49],"signals":[50],"in":[51,115,140,150,166],"environment":[53],"supply":[55],"energy":[56],"modulation":[58],"information":[59],"for":[60],"passive":[61],"tags.":[62],"IANT":[65,157],"scheme,":[66],"select":[68,91],"best":[70],"communicate":[73],"with":[74,137],"reader":[76,117,146],"according":[77],"channel":[80,141],"quality":[81,142],"tags":[83,144],"reader,":[85],"at":[87],"same":[89],"time":[90],"another":[92],"generate":[95],"affects":[99],"receiving":[101],"effect":[102],"eavesdropper.":[105],"This":[106],"paper":[107],"method":[110],"generating":[112],"copies":[114],"reduce":[119],"interference":[121],"on":[125],"signal":[127],"received":[128],"by":[129],"reader.":[131],"simulation":[133],"results":[134],"show":[135],"increase":[139,149],"number":[152],"tags,":[154],"significantly":[160],"superior":[161],"contrast":[164],"terms":[167],"achievable":[170],"secrecy":[171],"rate,":[172],"effectively":[173],"enhancing":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
