{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3080672183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","title":"Consequences of Soret\u2013Dufour Effects, Thermal Radiation, and Binary Chemical Reaction on Darcy Forchheimer Flow of Nanofluids","display_name":"Consequences of Soret\u2013Dufour Effects, Thermal Radiation, and Binary Chemical Reaction on Darcy Forchheimer Flow of Nanofluids","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3080672183","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","mag":"3080672183"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12091421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1421/pdf?version=1598437945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1421/pdf?version=1598437945","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025599076","display_name":"Ghulam Rasool","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-9553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam Rasool","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5880-9553","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070937697","display_name":"Anum Shafiq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anum Shafiq","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics and Statistics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-7216","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics and Statistics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030756029","display_name":"Dumitru B\u01celeanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0286-7244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106245021","display_name":"\u00c7ankaya University","ror":"https://ror.org/056wqre19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184693016","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v408z34","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126829","display_name":"China Medical University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0368s4g32","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126829"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142834","display_name":"Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary","ror":"https://ror.org/054a6wv56","country_code":"RO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142834"]}],"countries":["RO","TR","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dumitru Baleanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Cankaya University, 06530 Ankara, Turkey","Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40250, Taiwan","Institute of Space Sciences, 077125 Magurele, Romania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0286-7244","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Cankaya University, 06530 Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40250, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184693016","https://openalex.org/I4210126829"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Space Sciences, 077125 Magurele, Romania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142834"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030756029"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106245021","https://openalex.org/I184693016","https://openalex.org/I4210126829","https://openalex.org/I4210142834"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":4.5657,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":92,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96015963,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"1421","last_page":"1421"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12063","display_name":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","score":0.9814000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermophoresis","display_name":"Thermophoresis","score":0.9025895595550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.6016161441802979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-radiation","display_name":"Thermal radiation","score":0.5650055408477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.539395272731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.533847451210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.45910027623176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porous-medium","display_name":"Porous medium","score":0.4467865228652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3755888342857361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.37454670667648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.37015092372894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"Porosity","score":0.2415299117565155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15401063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610090","display_name":"Thermophoresis","level":4,"score":0.9025895595550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.6016161441802979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89394759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192593","display_name":"Thermal radiation","level":2,"score":0.5650055408477783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.539395272731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.533847451210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45910027623176575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105569014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271208","display_name":"Porous medium","level":3,"score":0.4467865228652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3755888342857361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.37454670667648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.37015092372894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.2415299117565155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12091421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1421/pdf?version=1598437945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9f30dccd167c4cabb73a68878e53c4b3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9f30dccd167c4cabb73a68878e53c4b3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 9, p 1421 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/12/9/1421/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry; Volume 12; Issue 9; Pages: 1421","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12091421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091421","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/9/1421/pdf?version=1598437945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3080672183.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3080672183.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015568341","https://openalex.org/W2094082841","https://openalex.org/W2342422827","https://openalex.org/W2624364456","https://openalex.org/W2779145949","https://openalex.org/W2792066185","https://openalex.org/W2794279397","https://openalex.org/W2797026897","https://openalex.org/W2802593427","https://openalex.org/W2808016370","https://openalex.org/W2808328171","https://openalex.org/W2883289085","https://openalex.org/W2925743023","https://openalex.org/W2940020059","https://openalex.org/W2942807870","https://openalex.org/W2948006017","https://openalex.org/W2948484071","https://openalex.org/W2968294667","https://openalex.org/W2969690428","https://openalex.org/W2969931949","https://openalex.org/W2979562792","https://openalex.org/W2986670493","https://openalex.org/W2988767852","https://openalex.org/W2994742038","https://openalex.org/W2997491226","https://openalex.org/W2998109871","https://openalex.org/W3000028783","https://openalex.org/W3007301282","https://openalex.org/W3009754334","https://openalex.org/W3009929646","https://openalex.org/W3012685301","https://openalex.org/W3013353334","https://openalex.org/W3014898971","https://openalex.org/W3015738516","https://openalex.org/W3016792686","https://openalex.org/W3021115491","https://openalex.org/W3025624295","https://openalex.org/W3036192603","https://openalex.org/W3038690475","https://openalex.org/W3040750550","https://openalex.org/W3041200919","https://openalex.org/W3142140897","https://openalex.org/W4246946417","https://openalex.org/W6739170387","https://openalex.org/W6749682085","https://openalex.org/W6752997382","https://openalex.org/W6780128860","https://openalex.org/W6780823252","https://openalex.org/W6792578475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090812349","https://openalex.org/W2069544081","https://openalex.org/W4408431603","https://openalex.org/W4404471577","https://openalex.org/W2954408742","https://openalex.org/W2908616711","https://openalex.org/W4404900418","https://openalex.org/W4223586018","https://openalex.org/W2328052366","https://openalex.org/W4256116837"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"research":[1],"article":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,29,90,99],"investigate":[5],"the":[6,31,40,75,92,101,104,141,186],"consequences":[7],"of":[8,23,51,57,74,106,149,169,195,234],"binary":[9,201],"chemical":[10,202],"reaction,":[11],"thermal":[12,155],"radiation,":[13],"and":[14,39,103,120,135,172,185,200,221],"Soret\u2013Dufour":[15],"effects":[16],"on":[17,207],"a":[18,147,179],"steady":[19],"incompressible":[20],"Darcy\u2013Forchheimer":[21],"flow":[22],"nanofluids.":[24],"Stretching":[25],"surface":[26],"is":[27,88,97,161,188],"assumed":[28],"drive":[30],"fluid":[32,130],"along":[33],"positive":[34],"horizontal":[35],"direction.":[36],"Brownian":[37],"motion,":[38],"Thermophoresis":[41],"are":[42,54,60,110,123,138,225],"accounted":[43],"in":[44,83,112,128,152,163,193,227,231],"particular.":[45],"The":[46,78,144,175,211],"governing":[47],"highly":[48],"nonlinear":[49],"system":[50],"problems":[52],"which":[53],"advanced":[55],"version":[56],"Navier\u2013Stokes":[58],"equations":[59,65],"transformed":[61],"into":[62],"ordinary":[63],"differential":[64],"(ODEs)":[66],"using":[67,81],"appropriately":[68],"adjusted":[69],"transformations":[70],"invoking":[71],"symmetric":[72],"property":[73],"independent":[76],"variables.":[77],"numerical":[79],"approach":[80,96],"RK45":[82],"connection":[84,153],"with":[85,154],"shooting":[86],"technique":[87],"adopted":[89],"solve":[91],"final":[93],"equations.":[94],"Graphical":[95],"used":[98],"interpret":[100],"results":[102,212],"values":[105,168],"important":[107],"physical":[108,214],"quantities":[109,215],"given":[111,226],"tabular":[113,228],"data":[114,229],"form.":[115],"Velocity":[116],"field,":[117],"temperature":[118,150,183],"distribution":[119,122,184,192],"concentration":[121,191],"graphically":[124],"analyzed":[125],"for":[126,140,166,182,190,213],"variation":[127],"respective":[129],"parameters.":[131],"Furthermore,":[132],"density":[133],"graphs":[134],"stream":[136],"lines":[137],"sketched":[139],"present":[142],"model.":[143],"outputs":[145],"indicate":[146],"rise":[148],"field":[151,165],"radiation":[156,199],"parameter.":[157],"A":[158],"clear":[159],"decline":[160],"noticed":[162,189],"velocity":[164],"elevated":[167],"Forchheimer":[170],"number":[171],"porosity":[173],"factor.":[174],"Dufour":[176],"effect":[177],"anticipates":[178],"rising":[180],"factor":[181],"same":[187],"lieu":[194],"Soret":[196],"effect.":[197],"Thermal":[198],"reaction":[203],"has":[204],"strong":[205],"impact":[206],"heat":[208,220],"transport":[209],"mechanism.":[210],"such":[216],"as":[217],"skin":[218],"friction,":[219],"mass":[222],"flux":[223],"rates":[224],"form":[230],"last":[232],"section":[233],"this":[235],"study.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
