{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3045758016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","title":"Animated Character Style Investigation with Decision Tree Classification","display_name":"Animated Character Style Investigation with Decision Tree Classification","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3045758016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","mag":"3045758016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12081261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/8/1261/pdf?version=1596110007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/8/1261/pdf?version=1596110007","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107772089","display_name":"K Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8398-6369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169019527","display_name":"Quanzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/006ak0b38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169019527"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163151501","display_name":"Hangzhou Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/014v1mr15","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163151501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135237710","display_name":"Zhejiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vevwk45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Fine Art and Design, Quanzhou Normal University, Dong Hai Rd. 398, Feng ze, Quanzhou 362000, China","Department of Children\u2019s Animation, Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou Kindergarten Teachers\u2019 College, Geng wei Rd.1108, Xiao shan, Hangzhou 311231, China","Department of Children's Animation, Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou Kindergarten Teachers' College, Geng wei Rd.1108, Xiao shan, Hangzhou 311231, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Fine Art and Design, Quanzhou Normal University, Dong Hai Rd. 398, Feng ze, Quanzhou 362000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169019527"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Children\u2019s Animation, Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou Kindergarten Teachers\u2019 College, Geng wei Rd.1108, Xiao shan, Hangzhou 311231, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501","https://openalex.org/I135237710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Children's Animation, Zhejiang Normal University Hangzhou Kindergarten Teachers' College, Geng wei Rd.1108, Xiao shan, Hangzhou 311231, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163151501","https://openalex.org/I135237710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033696350","display_name":"Kang-Ming Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1102-8650"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184693016","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v408z34","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126829","display_name":"China Medical University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0368s4g32","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126829"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kang-Ming Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan","Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126829","https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084855500","display_name":"Yingju Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1130-4945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Ju Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100749483","display_name":"Junhong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-8317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-Hong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Creative Design, Asia University, Liou feng Rd. 500, Wu feng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Creative Design, Asia University, Liou feng Rd. 500, Wu feng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033696350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492","https://openalex.org/I184693016","https://openalex.org/I4210126829"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2931,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56052968,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"8","first_page":"1261","last_page":"1261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9801999926567078,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.841381311416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.5835067629814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/style","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","score":0.5733562707901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5431962609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5242621898651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-body","display_name":"Human body","score":0.46409812569618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4621918797492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head","display_name":"Head (geology)","score":0.4487084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4391973912715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3717333674430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3284716010093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.26636436581611633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literature","display_name":"Literature","score":0.18154075741767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1813737452030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.15732979774475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.12404581904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.08818811178207397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.841381311416626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.5835067629814148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.5733562707901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5431962609291077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5242621898651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193293595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23852","display_name":"Human body","level":2,"score":0.46409812569618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4621918797492981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4487084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4391973912715912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3717333674430847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3284716010093689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.26636436581611633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.18154075741767883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1813737452030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.15732979774475098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.12404581904411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08818811178207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12081261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/8/1261/pdf?version=1596110007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4bc25743c884128a177001c89af283b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4bc25743c884128a177001c89af283b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 8, p 1261 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/12/8/1261/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry; Volume 12; Issue 8; Pages: 1261","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12081261","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12081261","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/8/1261/pdf?version=1596110007","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045758016.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3045758016.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W631774504","https://openalex.org/W1861295961","https://openalex.org/W1978511849","https://openalex.org/W1985809919","https://openalex.org/W2012307071","https://openalex.org/W2065360460","https://openalex.org/W2082880339","https://openalex.org/W2126605445","https://openalex.org/W2140494000","https://openalex.org/W2148633389","https://openalex.org/W2149516292","https://openalex.org/W2169166781","https://openalex.org/W2170505850","https://openalex.org/W2315182751","https://openalex.org/W2318145034","https://openalex.org/W2329032464","https://openalex.org/W2371638596","https://openalex.org/W2409587536","https://openalex.org/W2512304460","https://openalex.org/W2523378406","https://openalex.org/W2593898678","https://openalex.org/W2765609047","https://openalex.org/W2776146695","https://openalex.org/W2946216304","https://openalex.org/W2948387555","https://openalex.org/W2954936648","https://openalex.org/W2971892976","https://openalex.org/W2982291760","https://openalex.org/W2990933508","https://openalex.org/W2999276620","https://openalex.org/W3017881119","https://openalex.org/W3100378204","https://openalex.org/W3123705133","https://openalex.org/W6623737539","https://openalex.org/W6639129722","https://openalex.org/W6701877350"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393609567","https://openalex.org/W2369369044","https://openalex.org/W1503216044","https://openalex.org/W2354143083","https://openalex.org/W2372906645","https://openalex.org/W4319998713","https://openalex.org/W2366269494","https://openalex.org/W2353650902","https://openalex.org/W2347884623","https://openalex.org/W2361201432"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"animated":[1,70,97,137,174,194,232,259,284],"characters":[2,79,98,113,116,138,175,195,209,233,260],"are":[3,10],"based":[4],"on":[5],"human":[6,94,142],"features,":[7],"these":[8,52],"features":[9],"exaggerated.":[11],"These":[12],"exaggerations":[13,47,146,199,206],"greatly":[14],"differ":[15],"by":[16,119,176,264],"country,":[17,120,177,265],"gender,":[18,121,178,266],"and":[19,33,37,40,54,68,75,96,101,114,122,139,179,191,202,224,230,237,242,261,267,281,292],"the":[20,24,29,38,44,87,102,123,127,132,163,170,183,222,240,255,271],"character\u2019s":[21,124,180,268],"role":[22,125,181,269],"in":[23,46,126,182,200,258,270],"story.":[25,128,184,272],"This":[26],"study":[27,252],"investigated":[28],"characteristics":[30],"of":[31,64,86,107,136,173,221,283],"US":[32,67,77,190,208,229],"Japanese":[34,69,74,192,231],"character":[35,71,285,294],"designs":[36,287],"similarities":[39,53],"differences":[41,45,55,263],"or":[42,150],"even":[43],"between":[48,228],"them.":[49],"In":[50,152],"particular,":[51],"can":[56],"be":[57],"used":[58,160],"to":[59,161,197,226,290],"formulate":[60],"a":[61,154,247,277],"shared":[62],"set":[63],"principles":[65],"for":[66,83,91,111,115,168,207,239,279],"designs;":[72],"90":[73,76],"cartoon":[78],"were":[80,89,109,147],"analyzed.":[81],"Lengths":[82],"20":[84],"parts":[85],"body":[88,133,165,203],"obtained":[90],"prototypical":[92,140],"real":[93,141],"bodies":[95],"from":[99],"Japan":[100],"United":[103],"States.":[104],"The":[105,185,213,273],"distributions":[106],"lengths":[108,135],"determined,":[110],"all":[112],"as":[117,276],"segmented":[118],"We":[129],"also":[130],"compared":[131],"part":[134],"bodies,":[143],"noting":[144],"whether":[145],"towards":[148],"augmentation":[149],"diminishment.":[151],"addition,":[153],"decision":[155,214,248],"tree":[156,215,249],"classification":[157,171],"method":[158],"was":[159],"determine":[162],"required":[164,217],"length":[166,219],"parameters":[167,220],"identifying":[169],"conditions":[172],"results":[186,274],"indicated":[187],"that":[188],"both":[189],"male":[193],"tend":[196],"feature":[198],"head":[201,223],"sizes,":[204],"with":[205,288],"being":[210],"more":[211],"obvious.":[212],"only":[216],"five":[218],"chest":[225],"distinguish":[227],"(accuracy":[234],"=":[235],"94.48%":[236],"67.46%":[238],"training":[241],"testing":[243],"groups,":[244],"respectively).":[245],"Through":[246],"method,":[250],"this":[251],"quantitatively":[253],"revealed":[254],"exaggeration":[256],"patterns":[257],"their":[262],"serve":[275],"reference":[278],"designers":[280],"researchers":[282],"model":[286],"regards":[289],"quantifying":[291],"classifying":[293],"exaggerations.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
