{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016056443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040611","title":"Numerical Study of Bubble Behavior under Gradient Flows during Subcooled Flow Boiling in Vertical Flow Channel","display_name":"Numerical Study of Bubble Behavior under Gradient Flows during Subcooled Flow Boiling in Vertical Flow Channel","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016056443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040611","mag":"3016056443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12040611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040611","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/4/611/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/4/611/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085753321","display_name":"SalaiSargunan S Paramanantham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5257-9542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SalaiSargunan S Paramanantham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100454645","display_name":"Dong\u2010Hyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6654-3268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025624395","display_name":"Warn-Gyu Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4250-2634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Warn-Gyu Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025624395"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2429,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48958748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"611","last_page":"611"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10850","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10850","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Boiling Studies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11382","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10864","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Mixing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcooling","display_name":"Subcooling","score":0.8811858296394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bubble","display_name":"Bubble","score":0.7367199659347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.7018486261367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.604616641998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.4978938102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.45871856808662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/condensation","display_name":"Condensation","score":0.4365047514438629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coalescence","display_name":"Coalescence (physics)","score":0.4283396601676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boiling","display_name":"Boiling","score":0.4113602638244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22646620869636536}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115139850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7630971","display_name":"Subcooling","level":3,"score":0.8811858296394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.7367199659347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7018486261367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.604616641998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.4978938102722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.45871856808662415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200093464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166583","display_name":"Condensation","level":2,"score":0.4365047514438629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149792144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2071902","display_name":"Coalescence (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4283396601676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157777378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41716","display_name":"Boiling","level":2,"score":0.4113602638244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22646620869636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87355193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411","display_name":"Astrobiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12040611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040611","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/4/611/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d4df012ba26b49e78669ae5ed53c67e6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d4df012ba26b49e78669ae5ed53c67e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 4, p 611 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12040611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040611","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/4/611/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016056443.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3016056443.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1204264277","https://openalex.org/W1974970916","https://openalex.org/W1975624860","https://openalex.org/W1977093461","https://openalex.org/W2000392818","https://openalex.org/W2008892346","https://openalex.org/W2016585314","https://openalex.org/W2019811043","https://openalex.org/W2021546261","https://openalex.org/W2022282602","https://openalex.org/W2030173563","https://openalex.org/W2031004630","https://openalex.org/W2033730323","https://openalex.org/W2040191077","https://openalex.org/W2041346450","https://openalex.org/W2051698830","https://openalex.org/W2073319759","https://openalex.org/W2080922987","https://openalex.org/W2090729296","https://openalex.org/W2095280082","https://openalex.org/W2148828852","https://openalex.org/W2286641965","https://openalex.org/W2330042877","https://openalex.org/W2331143464","https://openalex.org/W2485082371","https://openalex.org/W2518455788","https://openalex.org/W2521251832","https://openalex.org/W2571407918","https://openalex.org/W2597060872","https://openalex.org/W2607569423","https://openalex.org/W2611769731","https://openalex.org/W2621313037","https://openalex.org/W2780977442","https://openalex.org/W2805471826","https://openalex.org/W2877631865","https://openalex.org/W2888270597","https://openalex.org/W2979723159","https://openalex.org/W2995329379","https://openalex.org/W6701933591","https://openalex.org/W6702259760"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037299993","https://openalex.org/W2286112095","https://openalex.org/W1994160854","https://openalex.org/W23381100","https://openalex.org/W2645750101","https://openalex.org/W2359706291","https://openalex.org/W1997578918","https://openalex.org/W97761693","https://openalex.org/W3008261453","https://openalex.org/W2743129639"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"examined":[4],"the":[5,41,49,64,72,83,95,102,107,110,115,148,170,174,177,180,183,187],"condensing":[6,112],"behavior":[7,108],"of":[8,13,94,109,150,166,186],"single":[9,116],"and":[10,43,97,117,129,142,144,159,182],"multiple":[11,118,151],"bubbles":[12,152,167,188],"pure":[14],"steam":[15],"in":[16,154],"a":[17,22,53,66],"subcooled":[18,127,171],"liquid":[19,42],"phase":[20],"using":[21,52,87],"fully":[23],"compressible":[24],"two-phase":[25],"homogeneous":[26],"mixture":[27],"method":[28],"that":[29,101],"is":[30,69],"solved":[31],"by":[32,48,86],"an":[33],"implicit":[34],"dual-time":[35],"preconditioned":[36],"technique.":[37],"The":[38,59,76,164],"interface":[39],"between":[40,179],"vapor":[44],"phases":[45],"was":[46,162],"determined":[47],"advection":[50],"equations":[51],"compressive":[54],"high-resolution":[55],"interfacing":[56],"capturing":[57],"method.":[58],"spurious":[60],"current":[61],"reduced":[62],"near":[63],"interface,":[65],"smoothing":[67],"filter":[68],"applied":[70],"to":[71,81],"progress":[73],"curvature":[74],"calculation.":[75],"sensitivity":[77],"study":[78],"carried":[79],"out":[80],"predict":[82],"empirical":[84],"constant":[85],"Lee\u2019s":[88],"mass":[89],"transfer":[90],"model.":[91],"A":[92],"comparison":[93],"numerical":[96],"experimental":[98],"results":[99],"highlighted":[100],"proposed":[103],"model":[104],"accurately":[105],"predicted":[106],"definite":[111],"bubble.":[113],"Furthermore,":[114,173],"bubble":[119,130,156,175],"condensation":[120,161],"behaviors":[121],"were":[122,189],"investigated":[123],"for":[124],"different":[125,155],"initial":[126],"temperatures,":[128],"diameters":[131],"under":[132],"various":[133],"gradient":[134],"flow,":[135],"such":[136],"as":[137],"velocity":[138,143],"gradient,":[139,141],"temperature":[140,145],"gradients.":[146],"Subsequently,":[147],"effect":[149],"flows":[153],"pattern":[157],"forms,":[158],"their":[160],"studied.":[163],"coalescence":[165],"depends":[168],"on":[169],"temperature.":[172],"diameter,":[176],"gap":[178],"bubbles,":[181],"flow":[184],"rate":[185],"also":[190],"observed.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}