{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3009700672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","title":"Homomorphic Encryption-Based Robust Reversible Watermarking for 3D Model","display_name":"Homomorphic Encryption-Based Robust Reversible Watermarking for 3D Model","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3009700672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","mag":"3009700672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12030347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/3/347/pdf?version=1584518485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/3/347/pdf?version=1584518485","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100361190","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-226X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084710974","display_name":"Shengxian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-511X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengxian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046237914","display_name":"Shanqing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5192-1844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50760025","display_name":"Hangzhou Dianzi University","ror":"https://ror.org/0576gt767","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shanqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 330018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060792504","display_name":"Ting Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-148X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109935558","display_name":"Ningbo University","ror":"https://ror.org/03et85d35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collage of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collage of Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109935558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014271344","display_name":"Ching\u2010Chun Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7723-4591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39555362","display_name":"University of Warwick","ror":"https://ror.org/01a77tt86","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ching-Chun Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39555362"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046237914"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50760025"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.7851,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73614666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"347","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.7856863737106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.7003637552261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.6804343461990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6681860089302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6434220671653748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.6203633546829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6173116564750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paillier-cryptosystem","display_name":"Paillier cryptosystem","score":0.6051782369613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4856659173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35960066318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.340268075466156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.3337392210960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.32141613960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21886873245239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.15151694416999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-cryptosystem","display_name":"Hybrid cryptosystem","score":0.1181926429271698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.7856863737106323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.7003637552261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.6804343461990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6681860089302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6434220671653748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.6203633546829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6173116564750671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66989864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q594646","display_name":"Paillier cryptosystem","level":5,"score":0.6051782369613647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4856659173965454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35960066318511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.340268075466156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.3337392210960388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.32141613960266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21886873245239258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15151694416999817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73468433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639918","display_name":"Hybrid cryptosystem","level":4,"score":0.1181926429271698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12030347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/3/347/pdf?version=1584518485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ca8cff8227db4c0fa62e93f3b1165ba8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ca8cff8227db4c0fa62e93f3b1165ba8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 3, p 347 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/12/3/347/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-repository.griffith.edu.au:10072/396924","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10072/396924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402548","display_name":"Griffith Research Online (Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I11701301","host_organization_name":"Griffith University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11701301"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12030347","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12030347","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/3/347/pdf?version=1584518485","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3009700672.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3009700672.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1959190975","https://openalex.org/W1998279455","https://openalex.org/W2010380519","https://openalex.org/W2032158084","https://openalex.org/W2038402918","https://openalex.org/W2047349874","https://openalex.org/W2057876259","https://openalex.org/W2074253957","https://openalex.org/W2110796399","https://openalex.org/W2121393355","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2140226570","https://openalex.org/W2160921333","https://openalex.org/W2169211796","https://openalex.org/W2337422703","https://openalex.org/W2515830453","https://openalex.org/W2569603709","https://openalex.org/W2727505277","https://openalex.org/W2748251709","https://openalex.org/W2805294602","https://openalex.org/W2884673443","https://openalex.org/W2944424552","https://openalex.org/W3209866323","https://openalex.org/W6676621694","https://openalex.org/W6726365128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robust":[0],"reversible":[1,64],"watermarking":[2,67,137,189],"in":[3,19,53,90,104,144,191],"an":[4,49],"encrypted":[5,94,163,192],"domain":[6],"is":[7,73,82,93,130,142,201,207],"a":[8,62,79],"technique":[9],"that":[10,184],"preserves":[11],"privacy":[12],"and":[13,28,52,87,109,160,177,216],"protects":[14],"copyright":[15],"for":[16,124],"multimedia":[17],"transmission":[18],"the":[20,42,57,76,88,97,101,113,126,139,145,156,161,172,187,195,198,204],"cloud.":[21],"In":[22,75],"general,":[23],"most":[24],"models":[25,66],"of":[26,59,112,119,147,174,197],"buildings":[27],"medical":[29],"organs":[30],"are":[31,122,179],"constructed":[32],"by":[33,48,95,168],"three-dimensional":[34],"(3D)":[35],"models.":[36],"A":[37],"3D":[38,60,65,80,193],"model":[39,81,164,200],"shared":[40],"through":[41],"internet":[43],"can":[44,152,165],"be":[45,153,166],"easily":[46],"modified":[47],"unauthorized":[50],"user,":[51],"order":[54,105],"to":[55,106,132,209],"protect":[56],"security":[58],"models,":[61,194],"robust":[63,140,208],"method":[68,206],"based":[69],"on":[70],"homomorphic":[71],"encryption":[72],"necessary.":[74],"proposed":[77,205],"method,":[78],"divided":[83],"into":[84],"non-overlapping":[85],"patches,":[86],"vertex":[89],"each":[91,120],"patch":[92,121],"using":[96],"Paillier":[98,114],"cryptosystem.":[99],"On":[100],"cloud":[102],"side,":[103],"utilize":[107],"addition":[108],"multiplication":[110],"homomorphism":[111],"cryptosystem,":[115],"three":[116],"direction":[117,158],"values":[118],"computed":[123],"constructing":[125],"corresponding":[127],"histogram,":[128,159],"which":[129],"shifted":[131],"embed":[133],"watermark.":[134],"For":[135],"obtaining":[136],"robustness,":[138],"interval":[141],"designed":[143],"process":[146,173],"histogram":[148,169],"shifting.":[149,170],"The":[150],"watermark":[151,175],"extracted":[154],"from":[155],"symmetrical":[157],"original":[162],"restored":[167],"Moreover,":[171,203],"embedding":[176],"extraction":[178],"symmetric.":[180],"Experimental":[181],"results":[182],"show":[183],"compared":[185],"with":[186],"existing":[188],"methods":[190],"quality":[196],"decrypted":[199],"improved.":[202],"common":[210],"attacks,":[211],"such":[212],"as":[213],"translation,":[214],"scaling,":[215],"Gaussian":[217],"noise.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
