{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3006869713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","title":"Using Neighborhood Rough Set Theory to Address the Smart Elderly Care in Multi-Level Attributes","display_name":"Using Neighborhood Rough Set Theory to Address the Smart Elderly Care in Multi-Level Attributes","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3006869713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","mag":"3006869713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12020297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/2/297/pdf?version=1582109491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/2/297/pdf?version=1582109491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027537285","display_name":"Jining Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-4059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164946172","display_name":"Hengshui University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xvjtz09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184843921","display_name":"Hebei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018hded08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803007516","display_name":"Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area","ror":"https://ror.org/010fbpe82","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jining Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China","School of Chinese and Broadcasting, Hengshui University, Hengshui 053000, China","School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8180-4059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chinese and Broadcasting, Hengshui University, Hengshui 053000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164946172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184843921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052006689","display_name":"Bo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2380-8681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133270356","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/035gwtk09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133270356"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803007516","display_name":"Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area","ror":"https://ror.org/010fbpe82","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China","School of Economics and Management, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133270356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056425276","display_name":"Runhua Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-8199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803007516","display_name":"Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area","ror":"https://ror.org/010fbpe82","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Runhua Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool, Tianjin 300401, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803007516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063349276","display_name":"Ming\u2010Lang Tseng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-3590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184693016","display_name":"China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00v408z34","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY","TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming-Lang Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan","Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Malaysia","Institute of Innovation and Circular Economy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-3590","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184693016"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bandar Baru Bangi 43600, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Innovation and Circular Economy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042902868","display_name":"Chun\u2010Wei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-4961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143578492","display_name":"Asia University","ror":"https://ror.org/038a1tp19","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Remen Chun-Wei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Innovation and Circular Economy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0918-4961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Innovation and Circular Economy, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024010407","display_name":"Ming K. Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-9431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming K. Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty Research Centre for Business in Society, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty Research Centre for Business in Society, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063349276"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143578492","https://openalex.org/I184693016","https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.9669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80427536,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"297","last_page":"297"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9375,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rough-set","display_name":"Rough set","score":0.8508898019790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5518279671669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residence","display_name":"Residence","score":0.5478487014770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.47246623039245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elderly-care","display_name":"Elderly care","score":0.4308813214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.4242756962776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4241592586040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.29956504702568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.24680519104003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.1956925392150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.18811282515525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.17691990733146667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111012933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3137210","display_name":"Rough set","level":2,"score":0.8508898019790649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5518279671669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776269092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1611074","display_name":"Residence","level":2,"score":0.5478487014770508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.47246623039245605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018200157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q437458","display_name":"Elderly care","level":2,"score":0.4308813214302063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.4242756962776184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4241592586040497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.29956504702568054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24680519104003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.1956925392150879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.18811282515525818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.17691990733146667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12020297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/2/297/pdf?version=1582109491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:260749","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:eeaa32d67fbb40b7a72635599d6a4f33","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/eeaa32d67fbb40b7a72635599d6a4f33","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 297 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/12/2/297/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12020297","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12020297","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/2/297/pdf?version=1582109491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.49000000953674316},{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3006869713.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W644885648","https://openalex.org/W1748146434","https://openalex.org/W1979697335","https://openalex.org/W2001071495","https://openalex.org/W2057608478","https://openalex.org/W2067179717","https://openalex.org/W2097277527","https://openalex.org/W2128102743","https://openalex.org/W2158633287","https://openalex.org/W2178161357","https://openalex.org/W2295883653","https://openalex.org/W2340823910","https://openalex.org/W2461598051","https://openalex.org/W2517012834","https://openalex.org/W2530607034","https://openalex.org/W2586873575","https://openalex.org/W2751584934","https://openalex.org/W2751623619","https://openalex.org/W2764162838","https://openalex.org/W2787575783","https://openalex.org/W2791178145","https://openalex.org/W2791298125","https://openalex.org/W2792896596","https://openalex.org/W2793638182","https://openalex.org/W2806199121","https://openalex.org/W2820348460","https://openalex.org/W2884626978","https://openalex.org/W2887677662","https://openalex.org/W2888496698","https://openalex.org/W2890334677","https://openalex.org/W2892377871","https://openalex.org/W2892944693","https://openalex.org/W2900953773","https://openalex.org/W2901296541","https://openalex.org/W2903670647","https://openalex.org/W2904563643","https://openalex.org/W2904655110","https://openalex.org/W2908473781","https://openalex.org/W2910815947","https://openalex.org/W2912622511","https://openalex.org/W2922384605","https://openalex.org/W2940833762","https://openalex.org/W2944023700","https://openalex.org/W2944135346","https://openalex.org/W2944381490","https://openalex.org/W2946099376","https://openalex.org/W2953601540","https://openalex.org/W2956318230","https://openalex.org/W2958411220","https://openalex.org/W2963100536","https://openalex.org/W2967787100","https://openalex.org/W2971285830","https://openalex.org/W2974996171","https://openalex.org/W4255833381"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2392963705","https://openalex.org/W2107349454","https://openalex.org/W2382278777","https://openalex.org/W1964260090","https://openalex.org/W2353240132","https://openalex.org/W2750008812","https://openalex.org/W2375932290","https://openalex.org/W1486178390","https://openalex.org/W138553499","https://openalex.org/W2167403502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,68,108,128,175,207],"neighborhood":[1],"rough":[2],"set":[3,81],"theory":[4],"was":[5,62],"adopted":[6],"for":[7,82,134,148,213,220],"attributes":[8,16,70,75,98,225],"reduction":[9],"and":[10,76,158,191,215],"the":[11,19,37,56,65,77,115,121,125,139,149,153,159,168,185,203,211,221,224,227],"weight":[12],"distribution":[13],"of":[14,21,39,58,85,110,118,131,152,161,172,187,195,223],"condition":[15,116,129,170,193],"based":[17],"on":[18,124,143,184,202],"concept":[20],"importance":[22],"level.":[23],"Smart":[24],"elderly":[25,41,60,87,95,136,150,155,163,189,229],"care":[26,42,61,96,137,156,164,190,230],"coverage":[27],"rate":[28],"is":[29,43],"low":[30],"in":[31,36,99,226],"China.":[32],"A":[33],"decisive":[34],"role":[35],"adoption":[38,57,97,186],"smart":[40,59,86,94,135,188,228],"still":[44],"a":[45,181,192,199,218],"problem":[46,103],"that":[47,114],"needs":[48,104],"to":[49,55,105,167],"be":[50,106],"addressed.":[51,107],"This":[52],"study":[53,112],"contributes":[54],"selected":[63],"as":[64,73,217],"decision":[66,126,144,205],"attribute.":[67,127,145,206],"remaining":[69],"are":[71,91],"used":[72],"conditional":[74],"multi-level":[78],"symmetric":[79,204],"attribute":[80,117,130,171,194],"assessing":[83],"acceptance":[84,160],"care.":[88],"Prior":[89],"studies":[90],"not":[92],"included":[93],"multi-levels;":[100],"hence,":[101],"this":[102,111],"results":[109],"indicate":[113],"gender":[119],"has":[120,138,198],"greatest":[122],"influence":[123,201],"living":[132],"expenses":[133],"second":[140],"largest":[141],"impact":[142,183],"Children\u2019s":[146],"support":[147],"decency":[151],"novel":[154],"system":[157],"non-traditional":[162],"methods":[165],"belong":[166],"primary":[169],"traditional":[173,178],"concept.":[174],"result":[176],"indicates":[177],"concepts":[179],"have":[180],"certain":[182],"residence":[196],"also":[197],"slight":[200],"sensitivity":[208],"analysis":[209,222],"shows":[210],"insights":[212],"uncertainties":[214],"provides":[216],"basis":[219],"service":[231],"adoption.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-22T06:13:13.366637","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}