{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996874774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12010098","title":"Does Our Universe Prefer Exotic Smoothness?","display_name":"Does Our Universe Prefer Exotic Smoothness?","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996874774","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12010098","mag":"2996874774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12010098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12010098","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/1/98/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/1/98/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014244957","display_name":"Torsten A\u00dfelmeyer-Maluga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4813-1010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","display_name":"Jagiellonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqmcz70","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}],"countries":["DE","PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Asselmeyer-Maluga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland","German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rutherfordstr. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013251778","display_name":"Jerzy Kr\u00f3l","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-7355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","display_name":"Jagiellonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqmcz70","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109085","display_name":"University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow","ror":"https://ror.org/01t81sv44","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109085"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jerzy Kr\u00f3l","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cognitive Science and Mathematical Modelling Chair, University of Information Technology and Management, ul. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland","Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7296-7355","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cognitive Science and Mathematical Modelling Chair, University of Information Technology and Management, ul. Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109085"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056101803","display_name":"Tomasz Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9460-1063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","display_name":"Jagiellonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03bqmcz70","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomasz Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Copernicus Center for Interdisciplinary Studies, Jagiellonian University, Szczepa\u0144ska 1/5, 31-011 Cracow, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013251778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126596746","https://openalex.org/I4210109085"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.1117,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48966343,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"98","last_page":"98"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11090","display_name":"Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6860053539276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spacetime","display_name":"Spacetime","score":0.6069504022598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothness","display_name":"Smoothness","score":0.5689910054206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-physics","display_name":"Theoretical physics","score":0.546347439289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universe","display_name":"Universe","score":0.49390846490859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exotic-matter","display_name":"Exotic matter","score":0.41243332624435425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmology","display_name":"Cosmology","score":0.22924137115478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.20755332708358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-energy","display_name":"Dark energy","score":0.18802034854888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.18675348162651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1261037290096283}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6860053539276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130187892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133327","display_name":"Spacetime","level":2,"score":0.6069504022598267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102634674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868473","display_name":"Smoothness","level":2,"score":0.5689910054206848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.546347439289093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.49390846490859985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51879265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1384211","display_name":"Exotic matter","level":4,"score":0.41243332624435425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.22924137115478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.20755332708358765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172790937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18343","display_name":"Dark energy","level":3,"score":0.18802034854888916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.18675348162651062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1261037290096283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12010098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12010098","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/1/98/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ruj.uj.edu.pl:item/269798","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/269798","pdf_url":"http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/bitstreams/71d51c6c-5503-4b4c-b5c4-214bb69fa510/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400316","display_name":"Homo Politicus (Academy of Humanities and Economics in Lodz)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"artyku\u0142 w czasopi\u015bmie"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:08c1859fd90343788f177165e0c4f883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/08c1859fd90343788f177165e0c4f883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 12, Iss 1, p 98 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym12010098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12010098","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/12/1/98/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996874774.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996874774.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504831268","https://openalex.org/W1534880334","https://openalex.org/W1575730103","https://openalex.org/W1826551887","https://openalex.org/W1909359706","https://openalex.org/W1967759674","https://openalex.org/W1977658039","https://openalex.org/W1981021174","https://openalex.org/W1982182789","https://openalex.org/W1990699007","https://openalex.org/W1999907093","https://openalex.org/W2029403139","https://openalex.org/W2046104587","https://openalex.org/W2059355886","https://openalex.org/W2060198182","https://openalex.org/W2064559964","https://openalex.org/W2069269346","https://openalex.org/W2075529902","https://openalex.org/W2079500737","https://openalex.org/W2095368814","https://openalex.org/W2104978079","https://openalex.org/W2141446744","https://openalex.org/W2147875900","https://openalex.org/W2259249447","https://openalex.org/W2322290617","https://openalex.org/W2490355619","https://openalex.org/W2756025076","https://openalex.org/W2785834868","https://openalex.org/W2793365829","https://openalex.org/W2943936356","https://openalex.org/W2980729442","https://openalex.org/W3009309579","https://openalex.org/W3098249505","https://openalex.org/W3098769477","https://openalex.org/W3099044339","https://openalex.org/W3099171722","https://openalex.org/W3100218038","https://openalex.org/W3101186042","https://openalex.org/W3103376311","https://openalex.org/W3104147222","https://openalex.org/W3105401162","https://openalex.org/W4230487960","https://openalex.org/W4292875581","https://openalex.org/W6630294159","https://openalex.org/W6730807204","https://openalex.org/W6986417728"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393022482","https://openalex.org/W2377346130","https://openalex.org/W2361092061","https://openalex.org/W2319775965","https://openalex.org/W2357314690","https://openalex.org/W1590580892","https://openalex.org/W1657687087","https://openalex.org/W2008693805","https://openalex.org/W3198380830","https://openalex.org/W3106447267"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Various":[0],"experimentally":[1],"verified":[2],"values":[3],"of":[4,17,33,39,79,93,115,138],"physical":[5,72,126],"parameters":[6,67],"indicate":[7],"that":[8,84,120,132],"the":[9,14,30,34,37,41,44,48,85,116,135,142],"universe":[10],"evolves":[11],"close":[12],"to":[13],"topological":[15],"phase":[16],"exotic":[18,59,80,143],"smoothness":[19],"structures":[20,28],"on":[21,90],"R":[22,60],"4":[23,61],"and":[24,47,50,62,73],"K3":[25,63],"surface.":[26],"The":[27],"determine":[29],"\u03b1":[31],"parameter":[32],"Starobinski":[35],"model,":[36],"number":[38],"e-folds,":[40],"spectral":[42],"tilt,":[43],"scalar-to-tensor":[45],"ratio":[46],"GUT":[49],"electroweak":[51],"energy":[52],"scales,":[53],"as":[54],"topologically":[55],"supported":[56],"quantities.":[57],"Neglecting":[58],"leaves":[64],"these":[65],"free":[66],"undetermined.":[68],"We":[69],"present":[70],"general":[71],"mathematical":[74],"reasons":[75],"for":[76,134],"such":[77],"preference":[78],"smoothness.":[81],"It":[82],"appears":[83],"spacetime":[86,140],"should":[87],"be":[88],"formed":[89],"open":[91],"domains":[92],"smooth":[94],"K":[95],"3":[96],"#":[97],"C":[98],"P":[99],"2":[100],"\u00af":[101],"at":[102],"extra-large":[103],"scales":[104],"possibly":[105],"exceeding":[106],"our":[107],"direct":[108],"observational":[109],"capacities.":[110],"Such":[111],"potent":[112],"explanatory":[113],"power":[114],"formalism":[117],"is":[118],"not":[119],"surprising":[121],"since":[122],"there":[123],"exist":[124],"natural":[125],"conditions,":[127],"which":[128],"we":[129],"state":[130],"explicitly,":[131],"allow":[133],"unique":[136],"determination":[137],"a":[139],"within":[141],"K3.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
