{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2966128208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","title":"Exploring the Utilization of Gradient Information in SIFT Based Local Image Descriptors","display_name":"Exploring the Utilization of Gradient Information in SIFT Based Local Image Descriptors","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2966128208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","mag":"2966128208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11080998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/8/998/pdf?version=1564817420","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/8/998/pdf?version=1564817420","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113576770","display_name":"Guangyao Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101330130","display_name":"Han Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6122-1761"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Han Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037048102","display_name":"Guohua Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3550-8026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guohua Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100748278","display_name":"Xiangjun Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-5844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142748","display_name":"Shandong Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04y8d6y55","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152269853","display_name":"Qilu University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04hyzq608","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangjun Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142748","https://openalex.org/I152269853"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037048102","https://openalex.org/A5100748278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152269853","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.2044,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53696941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"8","first_page":"998","last_page":"998"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale-invariant-feature-transform","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","score":0.8403987288475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6977750658988953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.6493241190910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6306411623954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6089215874671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5900243520736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5497770309448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-analysis","display_name":"Gradient analysis","score":0.4537891745567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4498070478439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-gradient","display_name":"Image gradient","score":0.4482203722000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-and-recall","display_name":"Precision and recall","score":0.4459001421928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4340936839580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.42071253061294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31745749711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.16590288281440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1640593707561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11785858869552612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-detection","display_name":"Feature detection (computer vision)","score":0.11178448796272278}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61265191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767770","display_name":"Scale-invariant feature transform","level":3,"score":0.8403987288475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6977750658988953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.6493241190910339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6306411623954773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6089215874671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5900243520736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5497770309448242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122748992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029312","display_name":"Gradient analysis","level":3,"score":0.4537891745567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4498070478439331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182037307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039097","display_name":"Image gradient","level":5,"score":0.4482203722000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.4459001421928406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4340936839580536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.42071253061294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31745749711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.16590288281440735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1640593707561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11785858869552612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126422989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93586","display_name":"Feature detection (computer vision)","level":4,"score":0.11178448796272278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175570560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029312","display_name":"Ordination","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11080998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/8/998/pdf?version=1564817420","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cc0dba177dd64ed9b2b1f63a48ab49e6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cc0dba177dd64ed9b2b1f63a48ab49e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 8, p 998 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/8/998/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11080998","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11080998","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/8/998/pdf?version=1564817420","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5008921950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2017LF005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5608131619","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802213","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8147635778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61802212","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2966128208.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2966128208.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1549945066","https://openalex.org/W1946960308","https://openalex.org/W1961043134","https://openalex.org/W1983592655","https://openalex.org/W1985586071","https://openalex.org/W1987120702","https://openalex.org/W1989072326","https://openalex.org/W1997360227","https://openalex.org/W2006069468","https://openalex.org/W2013833184","https://openalex.org/W2018820661","https://openalex.org/W2052094314","https://openalex.org/W2059905564","https://openalex.org/W2068038531","https://openalex.org/W2090518410","https://openalex.org/W2099363089","https://openalex.org/W2112995297","https://openalex.org/W2119060021","https://openalex.org/W2119605622","https://openalex.org/W2120339103","https://openalex.org/W2128248586","https://openalex.org/W2146807548","https://openalex.org/W2147555557","https://openalex.org/W2148523545","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2160341214","https://openalex.org/W2160614266","https://openalex.org/W2176121809","https://openalex.org/W2177274842","https://openalex.org/W2254596120","https://openalex.org/W2524636913","https://openalex.org/W2559571045","https://openalex.org/W2559871160","https://openalex.org/W2590657644","https://openalex.org/W2621600416","https://openalex.org/W2624172411","https://openalex.org/W2784029441","https://openalex.org/W2800324071","https://openalex.org/W2805755230","https://openalex.org/W2807846668","https://openalex.org/W2885031029","https://openalex.org/W2892931814","https://openalex.org/W2942483721","https://openalex.org/W3125412419","https://openalex.org/W4244855731","https://openalex.org/W6677401637"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3034955165","https://openalex.org/W2094920358","https://openalex.org/W2041448692","https://openalex.org/W2247121321","https://openalex.org/W2391926582","https://openalex.org/W2087391438","https://openalex.org/W1966831329","https://openalex.org/W2316074893","https://openalex.org/W2020188645","https://openalex.org/W2739923608"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"utilization":[1],"of":[2,22,40,44,62,67,98,103,142,152,170,174],"gradient":[3,23,45,68,82,85,104,122,125],"information":[4,46,69,105],"is":[5],"a":[6,60,134],"key":[7],"issue":[8],"in":[9,49],"building":[10,36,50,143],"Scale":[11],"Invariant":[12],"Feature":[13],"Transform":[14],"(SIFT)-like":[15],"descriptors.":[16,37,55,167,183],"In":[17,56,168],"the":[18,74,130,140,153,175],"literature,":[19],"two":[20,42,65,101],"types":[21,43,66,102],"information,":[24],"i.e.,":[25],"Gradient":[26,30],"Magnitude":[27],"(GM)":[28],"and":[29,51,84,124,165,181],"Occurrence":[31],"(GO),":[32],"are":[33,78,118],"used":[34],"for":[35],"However,":[38],"both":[39,163,179],"these":[41,64,100],"have":[47],"limitations":[48],"matching":[52,158],"local":[53],"image":[54,136],"our":[57],"prior":[58],"work,":[59],"strategy":[61,132],"combining":[63],"was":[70],"proposed":[71,115,154,176],"to":[72,106,162],"intersect":[73],"keypoint":[75],"matches":[76],"which":[77],"obtained":[79],"by":[80],"using":[81],"magnitude":[83,123],"occurrence":[86,126],"individually.":[87],"Different":[88],"from":[89],"this":[90,93],"combination":[91,131],"strategy,":[92],"paper":[94],"explores":[95],"novel":[96],"strategies":[97,117,155,177],"weighting":[99,116],"build":[107],"new":[108,144],"descriptors":[109],"with":[110],"high":[111],"discriminative":[112],"power.":[113],"These":[114],"extensively":[119],"evaluated":[120],"against":[121],"as":[127,129,160],"well":[128],"on":[133],"few":[135],"registration":[137],"datasets.":[138],"From":[139],"perspective":[141],"descriptors,":[145],"experimental":[146],"results":[147],"will":[148],"show":[149],"that":[150],"each":[151],"achieve":[156],"higher":[157],"accuracy":[159],"compared":[161],"GM-based":[164,180],"GO-based":[166,182],"terms":[169],"recall":[171],"results,":[172],"one":[173],"outperforms":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}