{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955565792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070868","title":"Peristaltic Pumping of Nanofluids through a Tapered Channel in a Porous Environment: Applications in Blood Flow","display_name":"Peristaltic Pumping of Nanofluids through a Tapered Channel in a Porous Environment: Applications in Blood Flow","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955565792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070868","mag":"2955565792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070868","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/868/pdf?version=1562894613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/868/pdf?version=1562894613","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073830434","display_name":"J. Prakash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5568-5559"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Prakash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Avvaiyar Government College for Women, Karaikal 609602, Puducherry-U.T., India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Avvaiyar Government College for Women, Karaikal 609602, Puducherry-U.T., India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060842917","display_name":"Dharmendra Tripathi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-1021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8778637","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Srinagar","ror":"https://ror.org/03sfwvw54","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152752","https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dharmendra Tripathi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand 246174, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4798-1021","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand 246174, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8778637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064699905","display_name":"Abhishek Kumar Tiwari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5958-6814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152869788","display_name":"Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04dp7tp96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152869788"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek Kumar Tiwari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mechanics, MNNIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mechanics, MNNIT Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 211004, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152869788"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017285624","display_name":"Sadiq M. Sait","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-0581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadiq M. Sait","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Communications and IT Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Communications and IT Research, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017056586","display_name":"R. Ellahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-8259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121243025","display_name":"International Islamic University, Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/047w75g40","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["PK","SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahmat Ellahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Modeling &amp; Computer Simulation, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia","Department of Mathematics &amp; Statistics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences (FBAS), International Islamic University (IIUI), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-8259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Modeling &amp; Computer Simulation, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics &amp; Statistics, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences (FBAS), International Islamic University (IIUI), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060842917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8778637"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":7.4726,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97971003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"868","last_page":"868"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12063","display_name":"Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Media","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.874799370765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.7381473779678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6445474624633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peristalsis","display_name":"Peristalsis","score":0.5664504766464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porous-medium","display_name":"Porous medium","score":0.5132498741149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lubrication","display_name":"Lubrication","score":0.49516263604164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-value-problem","display_name":"Boundary value problem","score":0.48106932640075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal","display_name":"Thermal","score":0.42410823702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/darcy-number","display_name":"Darcy number","score":0.41988417506217957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stream-function","display_name":"Stream function","score":0.41686132550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convection","display_name":"Convection","score":0.414716899394989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"Porosity","score":0.3726837933063507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.3057240843772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19359034299850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.18648988008499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-convection","display_name":"Natural convection","score":0.1640661656856537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.14084428548812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.11554232239723206}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.874799370765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.7381473779678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6445474624633789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206813253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308695","display_name":"Peristalsis","level":2,"score":0.5664504766464233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105569014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271208","display_name":"Porous medium","level":3,"score":0.5132498741149902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184608416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455803","display_name":"Lubrication","level":2,"score":0.49516263604164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182310444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332643","display_name":"Boundary value problem","level":2,"score":0.48106932640075684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.42410823702812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779459783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16954269","display_name":"Darcy number","level":5,"score":0.41988417506217957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18932819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029236","display_name":"Stream function","level":4,"score":0.41686132550239563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.414716899394989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.3726837933063507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.3057240843772888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19359034299850464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.18648988008499146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54791560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285020","display_name":"Natural convection","level":3,"score":0.1640661656856537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.14084428548812866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.11554232239723206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200114574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143513","display_name":"Vorticity","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140820882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732722","display_name":"Vortex","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106836276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898249","display_name":"Rayleigh number","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070868","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/868/pdf?version=1562894613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ec5acf33490e436dae97916a3394bea2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ec5acf33490e436dae97916a3394bea2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 868 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070868","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/868/pdf?version=1562894613","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2955565792.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2955565792.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968496599","https://openalex.org/W1972489486","https://openalex.org/W1974014039","https://openalex.org/W1984468474","https://openalex.org/W1993897097","https://openalex.org/W1994148606","https://openalex.org/W2002141038","https://openalex.org/W2009261482","https://openalex.org/W2013658432","https://openalex.org/W2023244574","https://openalex.org/W2026416619","https://openalex.org/W2026829044","https://openalex.org/W2027732685","https://openalex.org/W2031906439","https://openalex.org/W2033167490","https://openalex.org/W2035094567","https://openalex.org/W2035685097","https://openalex.org/W2036848171","https://openalex.org/W2043596293","https://openalex.org/W2045490952","https://openalex.org/W2047165196","https://openalex.org/W2050272220","https://openalex.org/W2056547043","https://openalex.org/W2057890334","https://openalex.org/W2065852626","https://openalex.org/W2067770964","https://openalex.org/W2074265054","https://openalex.org/W2079756397","https://openalex.org/W2079824894","https://openalex.org/W2081697678","https://openalex.org/W2081741055","https://openalex.org/W2082913685","https://openalex.org/W2087870903","https://openalex.org/W2160441022","https://openalex.org/W2331198885","https://openalex.org/W2334406442","https://openalex.org/W2346084993","https://openalex.org/W2522345286","https://openalex.org/W2523540721","https://openalex.org/W2768352506","https://openalex.org/W2772927800","https://openalex.org/W2780985603","https://openalex.org/W2789899438","https://openalex.org/W2791378555","https://openalex.org/W2791584220","https://openalex.org/W2793091284","https://openalex.org/W2882976218","https://openalex.org/W2885237085","https://openalex.org/W2892032497","https://openalex.org/W2895947522","https://openalex.org/W2899936364","https://openalex.org/W2901685067","https://openalex.org/W2902957061","https://openalex.org/W2908565170","https://openalex.org/W2914251082","https://openalex.org/W2918008872","https://openalex.org/W2920350101","https://openalex.org/W2979562792","https://openalex.org/W4234409407","https://openalex.org/W4244525528","https://openalex.org/W4254856722","https://openalex.org/W6646284302","https://openalex.org/W6768493575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886903305","https://openalex.org/W2754636322","https://openalex.org/W3150003624","https://openalex.org/W1938556690","https://openalex.org/W2809186558","https://openalex.org/W3117539643","https://openalex.org/W4387330456","https://openalex.org/W2624724459","https://openalex.org/W2727331457","https://openalex.org/W4389100406"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,45],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4,177],"an":[5,72,164],"analytical":[6,105],"study":[7],"on":[8,124],"blood":[9,19],"flow":[10,20],"analysis":[11,83],"through":[12],"with":[13,76,133],"a":[14,100],"tapered":[15,68],"porous":[16,69],"channel.":[17],"The":[18,35,67,81,118,139,173],"was":[21,84,142,149],"driven":[22],"by":[23,98],"the":[24,55,91,104,125,134,153,169,176,183],"peristaltic":[25,186],"pumping.":[26],"Thermal":[27],"radiation":[28],"effects":[29],"were":[30,41,96,116,131],"also":[31,42,143,150],"taken":[32],"into":[33],"account.":[34],"convective":[36],"and":[37,79,103,112,128,160],"slip":[38],"boundary":[39],"conditions":[40,48],"applied":[43],"in":[44,167,182,192],"formulation.":[46],"These":[47],"are":[49],"very":[50],"helpful":[51],"to":[52],"carry":[53],"out":[54],"behavior":[56],"of":[57,120,136,175],"particle":[58],"movement":[59],"which":[60,188],"may":[61,179,189],"be":[62,180,190],"utilized":[63,85,191],"for":[64,86,107,145],"cardiac":[65],"surgery.":[66],"channel":[70],"had":[71],"unvarying":[73],"wave":[74],"speed":[75],"dissimilar":[77],"amplitudes":[78],"phase.":[80],"non-dimensional":[82],"some":[87],"approximations":[88],"such":[89],"as":[90],"proposed":[92],"mathematical":[93],"modelling":[94],"equations":[95],"modified":[97],"using":[99],"lubrication":[101],"approach":[102],"solutions":[106],"stream":[108],"function,":[109],"nanoparticle":[110],"temperature":[111],"volumetric":[113],"concentration":[114,130],"profiles":[115],"obtained.":[117],"impacts":[119],"various":[121],"emerging":[122],"parameters":[123,159],"thermal":[126],"characteristics":[127],"nanoparticles":[129],"analyzed":[132],"help":[135],"computational":[137],"results.":[138],"trapping":[140],"phenomenon":[141],"examined":[144],"relevant":[146],"parameters.":[147],"It":[148],"observed":[151],"that":[152],"geometric":[154],"parameters,":[155],"like":[156],"amplitudes,":[157],"non-uniform":[158],"phase":[161],"difference,":[162],"play":[163],"important":[165],"role":[166],"controlling":[168],"nanofluids":[170],"transport":[171],"phenomena.":[172],"outcomes":[174],"model":[178],"applicable":[181],"smart":[184],"nanofluid":[185],"pump":[187],"hemodialysis.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
