{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2953704759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","title":"Energy Harvesting Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks/Radio-Frequency Identification: A Review","display_name":"Energy Harvesting Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks/Radio-Frequency Identification: A Review","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2953704759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","mag":"2953704759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070865","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/865/pdf?version=1562137353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/865/pdf?version=1562137353","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030998001","display_name":"Mohammed H. Alsharif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8579-5444"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed H. Alsharif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8579-5444","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100430160","display_name":"Sunghwan Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-5915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40542001","display_name":"University of Ulsan","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2f8975","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sunghwan Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1762-5915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046691800","display_name":"N. Kuruo\u011flu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091267","display_name":"\u0130stanbul Geli\u015fim \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/0188hvh39","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuri Kuruo\u011flu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34310, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Istanbul Gelisim University, Istanbul 34310, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091267"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100430160"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40542001"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":6.5383,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":118,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97290608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"7","first_page":"865","last_page":"865"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10986","display_name":"RFID technology advancements","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7355099320411682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7090979814529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.6367992162704468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency-identification","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","score":0.5594999194145203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5170120000839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5061377882957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-harvesting","display_name":"Energy harvesting","score":0.4918482303619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.432478129863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.42849984765052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.42692136764526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-development","display_name":"Sustainable development","score":0.4177641272544861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3437843918800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21374139189720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1556653380393982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11859655380249023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7355099320411682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.7090979814529419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.6367992162704468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204222849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104954","display_name":"Radio-frequency identification","level":2,"score":0.5594999194145203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5170120000839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5061377882957458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101518730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930236","display_name":"Energy harvesting","level":3,"score":0.4918482303619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.432478129863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.42849984765052795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.42692136764526367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.4177641272544861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3437843918800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21374139189720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1556653380393982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11859655380249023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070865","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/865/pdf?version=1562137353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b0e729a395774055a69603c7fd4f8ce9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b0e729a395774055a69603c7fd4f8ce9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 7, p 865 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/7/865/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11070865","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11070865","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/7/865/pdf?version=1562137353","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2052948235","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016R1D1A1B03934653","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5086816455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2019R1A2C1005920","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5229324803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20164030201340","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953704759.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2953704759.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":120,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1492719521","https://openalex.org/W1591057080","https://openalex.org/W1783275161","https://openalex.org/W1878560273","https://openalex.org/W1964974987","https://openalex.org/W1966000877","https://openalex.org/W1966708639","https://openalex.org/W1967217574","https://openalex.org/W1969043820","https://openalex.org/W1977376809","https://openalex.org/W1978796422","https://openalex.org/W1985705155","https://openalex.org/W1988815444","https://openalex.org/W1994267825","https://openalex.org/W1996388886","https://openalex.org/W2004024756","https://openalex.org/W2004734947","https://openalex.org/W2014131243","https://openalex.org/W2022196363","https://openalex.org/W2028428620","https://openalex.org/W2028474282","https://openalex.org/W2033682954","https://openalex.org/W2041785419","https://openalex.org/W2046489492","https://openalex.org/W2046672513","https://openalex.org/W2051702151","https://openalex.org/W2058401212","https://openalex.org/W2061962379","https://openalex.org/W2065088268","https://openalex.org/W2070768069","https://openalex.org/W2074572671","https://openalex.org/W2077780311","https://openalex.org/W2078384676","https://openalex.org/W2079452084","https://openalex.org/W2080493584","https://openalex.org/W2083626398","https://openalex.org/W2083835467","https://openalex.org/W2084164807","https://openalex.org/W2084946427","https://openalex.org/W2085147795","https://openalex.org/W2090941506","https://openalex.org/W2094117776","https://openalex.org/W2094518962","https://openalex.org/W2095125429","https://openalex.org/W2096356985","https://openalex.org/W2098035730","https://openalex.org/W2101933760","https://openalex.org/W2107156064","https://openalex.org/W2107812461","https://openalex.org/W2109102328","https://openalex.org/W2109572607","https://openalex.org/W2110374175","https://openalex.org/W2111075016","https://openalex.org/W2114865559","https://openalex.org/W2115006939","https://openalex.org/W2117014495","https://openalex.org/W2118702395","https://openalex.org/W2119046642","https://openalex.org/W2123033018","https://openalex.org/W2123035511","https://openalex.org/W2123769209","https://openalex.org/W2126335077","https://openalex.org/W2126644064","https://openalex.org/W2127243374","https://openalex.org/W2128738802","https://openalex.org/W2128871693","https://openalex.org/W2131141799","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2135053460","https://openalex.org/W2136829169","https://openalex.org/W2137449583","https://openalex.org/W2139349967","https://openalex.org/W2139587243","https://openalex.org/W2141350031","https://openalex.org/W2141753005","https://openalex.org/W2142353201","https://openalex.org/W2147942702","https://openalex.org/W2148098314","https://openalex.org/W2150540376","https://openalex.org/W2150794496","https://openalex.org/W2152481521","https://openalex.org/W2153771143","https://openalex.org/W2167505895","https://openalex.org/W2169849464","https://openalex.org/W2169922733","https://openalex.org/W2170737521","https://openalex.org/W2171930195","https://openalex.org/W2182132145","https://openalex.org/W2183369664","https://openalex.org/W2201445025","https://openalex.org/W2295204504","https://openalex.org/W2335029765","https://openalex.org/W2473960014","https://openalex.org/W2507275298","https://openalex.org/W2509185673","https://openalex.org/W2518743081","https://openalex.org/W2531320996","https://openalex.org/W2538375713","https://openalex.org/W2584047030","https://openalex.org/W2597831797","https://openalex.org/W2616233061","https://openalex.org/W2738336954","https://openalex.org/W2740636327","https://openalex.org/W2743068103","https://openalex.org/W2770446405","https://openalex.org/W2775597598","https://openalex.org/W2782837544","https://openalex.org/W2789546279","https://openalex.org/W2791256869","https://openalex.org/W2791969307","https://openalex.org/W2805723340","https://openalex.org/W2901660973","https://openalex.org/W2916861923","https://openalex.org/W2942105576","https://openalex.org/W3104612859","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6639322737","https://openalex.org/W6681824482","https://openalex.org/W6684605469","https://openalex.org/W6728528052"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898145991","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W1577771720","https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W4200598720","https://openalex.org/W2566010174","https://openalex.org/W4402613463","https://openalex.org/W2041619656"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,7,25,43,63,81,92,151,171,176,201],"near":[2],"future,":[3],"symmetry":[4,14],"technologies":[5,132],"for":[6,18,97],"Internet":[8],"of":[9,39,65,83,94,143,167,175,204],"Things":[10],"(IoT),":[11],"along":[12],"with":[13],"and":[15,21,120,129,159,173,190,206],"asymmetry":[16],"applications":[17],"IoT":[19,31,86,99,131,182],"security":[20],"privacy,":[22],"will":[23,197],"re-design":[24],"socio-ecological":[26],"human":[27],"terrain":[28],"morphology.":[29],"The":[30,164],"ecosystem":[32],"deploys":[33],"diverse":[34],"sensor":[35,188],"platforms":[36],"connecting":[37],"billions":[38],"heterogeneous":[40],"objects":[41],"through":[42],"Internet.":[44],"Most":[45],"sensors":[46,67],"are":[47,52,107],"low-energy":[48],"consuming":[49],"devices":[50],"which":[51],"designed":[53],"to":[54,109,123,149,183,200],"transmit":[55],"sporadically":[56],"or":[57],"continuously.":[58],"However,":[59],"when":[60],"we":[61],"consider":[62],"billions/trillions":[64],"connected":[66],"powering":[68],"various":[69],"user":[70],"applications,":[71],"their":[72],"energy":[73],"efficiency":[74],"(EE)":[75],"becomes":[76],"a":[77,135,140],"critical":[78],"issue.":[79],"Therefore,":[80],"importance":[82],"EE":[84,95,105,112],"in":[85],"technology":[87],"cannot":[88],"be":[89],"overemphasised,":[90],"specifically":[91],"development":[93],"solutions":[96],"sustainable":[98],"technology.":[100],"Propelled":[101],"by":[102],"this":[103,146,168],"need,":[104],"proposals":[106],"expected":[108],"address":[110],"IoT\u2019s":[111],"issues.":[113],"Consequently,":[114],"many":[115],"developments":[116],"have":[117],"been":[118],"displayed,":[119],"highlighting":[121],"them":[122],"provide":[124],"clear":[125,141],"insights":[126,155],"into":[127,156],"eco-sustainable":[128,207],"green":[130,144,162,181,186,191,205],"is":[133,170],"becoming":[134],"crucial":[136],"task.":[137],"To":[138],"pursue":[139],"vision":[142],"IoT,":[145],"article":[147],"aims":[148],"describe":[150],"current":[152],"state-of-the":[153],"art":[154],"energy-saving":[157],"practices":[158],"strategies":[160],"on":[161,185],"IoT.":[163,208],"major":[165],"contribution":[166],"study":[169],"review":[172,195],"discussion":[174],"substantial":[177],"issues":[178],"enabling":[179],"hardware":[180],"focus":[184],"wireless":[187],"networks":[189],"radio-frequency":[192],"identification.":[193],"This":[194],"paper":[196],"contribute":[198],"significantly":[199],"future":[202],"implementation":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}