{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944898625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","title":"Ellipse Coefficient Map-Based Geomagnetic Fingerprint Considering Azimuth Angles","display_name":"Ellipse Coefficient Map-Based Geomagnetic Fingerprint Considering Azimuth Angles","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944898625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","mag":"2944898625"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11050708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/5/708/pdf?version=1559015706","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/5/708/pdf?version=1559015706","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091611912","display_name":"Ju-Hyeon Seong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-0439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ju-Hyeon Seong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Advanced IT & Ship Convergence Center, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-0439","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Advanced IT & Ship Convergence Center, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100426789","display_name":"Seunghyun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-2856"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung-Hyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Research Development Center, Woori Engineering, Sejong 30054, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Research Development Center, Woori Engineering, Sejong 30054, Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003271796","display_name":"Kyoung-Kuk Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8612-9574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1322422313","display_name":"Tech University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/0060vt104","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322422313"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyoung-Kuk Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnics, Ulsan 44482, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Polytechnics, Ulsan 44482, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1322422313"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042128313","display_name":"Dong-Hoan Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-0356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197867492","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Hoan Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Division of Electronics and Electrical Information Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Division of Electronics and Electrical Information Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042128313"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197867492"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.4843,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64907504,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"708","last_page":"708"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10572","display_name":"Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1908","display_name":"Geophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ellipse","display_name":"Ellipse","score":0.9147906303405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earths-magnetic-field","display_name":"Earth's magnetic field","score":0.8246692419052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.8246151208877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.6011214256286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6004263162612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5191075801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curvature","display_name":"Curvature","score":0.41193699836730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39797157049179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38154131174087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3641051650047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31895482540130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.31044018268585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2691008448600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.10810613632202148}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74261601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40112","display_name":"Ellipse","level":2,"score":0.9147906303405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199635899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6500960","display_name":"Earth's magnetic field","level":3,"score":0.8246692419052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.8246151208877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.6011214256286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6004263162612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5191075801849365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.41193699836730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39797157049179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38154131174087524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3641051650047302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31895482540130615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31044018268585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2691008448600769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.10810613632202148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11050708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/5/708/pdf?version=1559015706","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:59ea488eb41a4c4fb2a8a2f53f4c6157","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/59ea488eb41a4c4fb2a8a2f53f4c6157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 708 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/5/708/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11050708","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11050708","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/5/708/pdf?version=1559015706","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4899969434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.2016R1D1A1B03934812","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321325","display_name":"Korea Maritime and Ocean University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v7y5b55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944898625.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944898625.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1947853012","https://openalex.org/W1991923460","https://openalex.org/W1995609398","https://openalex.org/W2068546584","https://openalex.org/W2116068514","https://openalex.org/W2138121908","https://openalex.org/W2336558231","https://openalex.org/W2343807391","https://openalex.org/W2468332828","https://openalex.org/W2508188811","https://openalex.org/W2516119606","https://openalex.org/W2560705922","https://openalex.org/W2607595839","https://openalex.org/W2778151097","https://openalex.org/W2793199760","https://openalex.org/W4243903202","https://openalex.org/W6677153691"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371136327","https://openalex.org/W2890757232","https://openalex.org/W4293234107","https://openalex.org/W2092729804","https://openalex.org/W2370549269","https://openalex.org/W2386824811","https://openalex.org/W2354618530","https://openalex.org/W2081226903","https://openalex.org/W2291836499","https://openalex.org/W2071131471"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Geomagnetic":[0],"fingerprint":[1],"has":[2,19],"been":[3],"actively":[4],"studied":[5],"because":[6],"of":[7,37,60,90,104,120,133],"the":[8,17,23,35,38,58,61,82,91,96,98,102,108,113,118,126,130,139,149,156],"high":[9],"signal":[10,159],"stability":[11],"and":[12,54,148],"positioning":[13,56,150],"resolution":[14],"even":[15],"when":[16],"time":[18],"elapsed.":[20],"However,":[21],"since":[22],"measured":[24],"three-axis":[25],"geomagnetism":[26,92],"signals":[27,93],"at":[28],"one":[29],"position":[30],"are":[31],"irregular":[32],"according":[33],"to":[34,144],"change":[36,59],"azimuth":[39,62],"angle,":[40],"a":[41,71],"large-sized":[42],"database":[43],"which":[44,85],"is":[45,50],"stored":[46],"magnitudes":[47],"per":[48],"angles":[49],"required":[51],"for":[52],"robust":[53],"accurate":[55],"against":[57],"angle.":[63],"To":[64],"solve":[65],"this":[66,68],"problem,":[67],"paper":[69],"proposes":[70],"novel":[72],"approach,":[73],"an":[74],"elliptic":[75],"coefficient":[76,110],"map":[77,111],"based":[78],"geomagnetic":[79,146,158],"fingerprint.":[80],"Unlike":[81],"general":[83],"fingerprint,":[84],"stores":[86],"strength":[87],"or":[88],"magnitude":[89],"depending":[94,124],"on":[95,125],"position,":[97],"proposed":[99],"algorithm":[100],"minimized":[101],"size":[103],"databased":[105],"by":[106,137,154],"storing":[107],"Ellipse":[109],"through":[112],"ellipse":[114,134],"equation":[115],"derived":[116],"from":[117],"characteristics":[119,147],"2-D":[121,145],"magnetic":[122],"vectors":[123],"position.":[127],"In":[128],"addition,":[129],"curvature":[131],"bias":[132],"was":[135,152],"reduced":[136],"applying":[138,155],"normalized":[140],"linear":[141],"least-squares":[142],"method":[143],"accuracy":[151],"improved":[153],"weighted":[157],"equalization":[160],"method.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}