{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941430748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","title":"Lightweight Architecture for Real-Time Hand Pose Estimation with Deep Supervision","display_name":"Lightweight Architecture for Real-Time Hand Pose Estimation with Deep Supervision","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941430748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","mag":"2941430748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11040585","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/4/585/pdf?version=1556006130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/4/585/pdf?version=1556006130","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101639865","display_name":"Yufei Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1792-2306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufei Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073970829","display_name":"Xiaofei Ruan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100733296","display_name":"Yu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0043-4904"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019411855","display_name":"Zhou Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7653-0476"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internet of Things Group, Intel Corporation, Shanghai 200131, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102690279","display_name":"Shengyu Du","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengyu Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100717613","display_name":"Gang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9405-3757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Software, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Software, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100717613"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0276658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"585","last_page":"585"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8436729907989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.750728964805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5107777118682861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.5072295665740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5044680833816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4968574345111847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4938662648200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics-processing-unit","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","score":0.4802184998989105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-architecture","display_name":"Network architecture","score":0.46032822132110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.4407198429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4249145984649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.37319517135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.1959681510925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.1340796947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10137984156608582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8436729907989502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.750728964805603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5107777118682861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.5072295665740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5044680833816528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4968574345111847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4938662648200989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779851693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183484","display_name":"Graphics processing unit","level":2,"score":0.4802184998989105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.46032822132110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.4407198429107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4249145984649658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.37319517135620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.1959681510925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.1340796947479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10137984156608582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11040585","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/4/585/pdf?version=1556006130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a64b9a6659fe489a9fcee550aa1c71a6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a64b9a6659fe489a9fcee550aa1c71a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 4, p 585 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/4/585/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11040585","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11040585","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/4/585/pdf?version=1556006130","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941430748.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941430748.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1594587862","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1702419847","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2075156252","https://openalex.org/W2093414253","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2110798204","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2123469553","https://openalex.org/W2126333738","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2255781698","https://openalex.org/W2276892413","https://openalex.org/W2319920447","https://openalex.org/W2341862707","https://openalex.org/W2473634362","https://openalex.org/W2511730936","https://openalex.org/W2522083379","https://openalex.org/W2591767619","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2742737904","https://openalex.org/W2750326862","https://openalex.org/W2884436604","https://openalex.org/W2950042022","https://openalex.org/W2952025147","https://openalex.org/W2952339589","https://openalex.org/W2952826672","https://openalex.org/W2962835968","https://openalex.org/W2963119249","https://openalex.org/W2963474899","https://openalex.org/W2963674932","https://openalex.org/W2963950354","https://openalex.org/W2964062189","https://openalex.org/W2964105113","https://openalex.org/W2964227007","https://openalex.org/W2964304707","https://openalex.org/W3105217837","https://openalex.org/W6638523607","https://openalex.org/W6669020055","https://openalex.org/W6684665197","https://openalex.org/W6725739302","https://openalex.org/W6726275242"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W1567818861","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W4256492088","https://openalex.org/W632915154","https://openalex.org/W2756839641","https://openalex.org/W2220968517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"high":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,36],"computational":[4],"resources":[5],"severely":[6],"hinders":[7],"the":[8,22,78,100,119,128,137,147,152,179],"deployment":[9,74,125],"of":[10,82,114,136],"deep":[11],"learning":[12],"applications":[13],"in":[14,48,162],"resource-limited":[15],"devices.":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18],"work,":[19],"we":[20],"investigate":[21],"under-studied":[23],"but":[24],"practically":[25],"important":[26,51],"network":[27,47,108],"efficiency":[28],"problem":[29],"and":[30,53,92,95,175],"present":[31],"a":[32,44,59,97,169],"new,":[33],"lightweight":[34,107],"architecture":[35,41],"hand":[37],"pose":[38],"estimation.":[39],"Our":[40],"is":[42,121,130],"essentially":[43],"deeply-supervised":[45],"pruned":[46],"which":[49],"less":[50],"layers":[52],"branches":[54],"are":[55],"removed":[56],"to":[57,76,164],"achieve":[58,178],"higher":[60],"real-time":[61,180],"inference":[62],"target":[63],"on":[64,90,160,168],"resource-constrained":[65],"devices":[66],"without":[67],"much":[68],"accuracy":[69],"compromise.":[70],"We":[71,87],"further":[72,148],"make":[73],"optimization":[75,149],"facilitate":[77],"parallel":[79],"execution":[80],"capability":[81],"central":[83],"processing":[84,171],"units":[85],"(CPUs).":[86],"conduct":[88],"experiments":[89],"NYU":[91],"ICVL":[93],"datasets":[94],"develop":[96],"demo1":[98],"using":[99],"RealSense":[101],"camera.":[102],"Experimental":[103],"results":[104],"show":[105],"our":[106],"achieves":[109],"an":[110],"average":[111],"running":[112,167],"time":[113],"32":[115],"ms":[116],"(31.3":[117],"FPS,":[118],"original":[120,138],"22.7":[122],"FPS)":[123],"before":[124],"optimization.":[126],"Meanwhile,":[127],"model":[129,154],"only":[131],"about":[132],"half":[133],"parameters":[134],"size":[135],"one":[139],"with":[140,150],"11.9":[141],"mm":[142],"mean":[143],"joint":[144],"error.":[145],"After":[146],"OpenVINO,":[151],"optimized":[153],"can":[155,177],"run":[156],"at":[157],"56":[158],"FPS":[159,166],"CPUs":[161],"contrast":[163],"44":[165],"graphics":[170],"unit":[172],"(GPU)":[173],"(Tensorflow)":[174],"it":[176],"goal.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
