{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2922175244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","title":"Evaluation of Investment Policy Based on Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Using Interval Valued T-Spherical Fuzzy Aggregation Operators","display_name":"Evaluation of Investment Policy Based on Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Using Interval Valued T-Spherical Fuzzy Aggregation Operators","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2922175244","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","mag":"2922175244"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/357/pdf?version=1552561812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/357/pdf?version=1552561812","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037136946","display_name":"Kifayat Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1438-6413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121243025","display_name":"International Islamic University, Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/047w75g40","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kifayat Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1438-6413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034562310","display_name":"Nasruddin Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-7089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nasruddin Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1659-7089","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100646948","display_name":"Tahir Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3871-3845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121243025","display_name":"International Islamic University, Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/047w75g40","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tahir Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3871-3845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053265858","display_name":"Naeem Jan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-407X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121243025","display_name":"International Islamic University, Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/047w75g40","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naeem Jan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121243025"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018854772","display_name":"Mazlan Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9454-1454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazlan Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9454-1454","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management and Marketing, Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034562310"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":14.8157,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":125,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99174133,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"357","last_page":"357"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12709","display_name":"Optimization and Mathematical Programming","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12135","display_name":"Fuzzy Systems and Optimization","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.6362705230712891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.6124959588050842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5923764705657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5920674204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-set","display_name":"Fuzzy set","score":0.5847005844116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5267233848571777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4504965543746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.44949057698249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3611055612564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.35194268822669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2575022578239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.0700085461139679}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6362705230712891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.6124959588050842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5923764705657959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5920674204826355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42011625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055058","display_name":"Fuzzy set","level":3,"score":0.5847005844116211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5267233848571777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4504965543746948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.44949057698249817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3611055612564087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35194268822669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2575022578239441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0700085461139679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/357/pdf?version=1552561812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:psasir.upm.edu.my:77835","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196260","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia Institutional Repository (Universiti Putra Malaysia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I130343225","host_organization_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130343225"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:990ee66904164b048aad6def687707b6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/990ee66904164b048aad6def687707b6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 357 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/3/357/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030357","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030357","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/357/pdf?version=1552561812","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5238610532","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GUP-2017-105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","funder_display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G781786977","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9001103","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322714","funder_display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322699","display_name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322714","display_name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02e91jd64"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922175244.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922175244.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W26553146","https://openalex.org/W81336532","https://openalex.org/W1561535821","https://openalex.org/W1765570948","https://openalex.org/W1833042569","https://openalex.org/W1867374318","https://openalex.org/W1971875039","https://openalex.org/W1980564456","https://openalex.org/W1981107087","https://openalex.org/W2018653838","https://openalex.org/W2023290810","https://openalex.org/W2026951642","https://openalex.org/W2041610710","https://openalex.org/W2049264340","https://openalex.org/W2057905198","https://openalex.org/W2079457935","https://openalex.org/W2099024403","https://openalex.org/W2104077967","https://openalex.org/W2130626816","https://openalex.org/W2132585739","https://openalex.org/W2155976821","https://openalex.org/W2201498186","https://openalex.org/W2272905257","https://openalex.org/W2346648084","https://openalex.org/W2391648306","https://openalex.org/W2396040005","https://openalex.org/W2461507070","https://openalex.org/W2463044584","https://openalex.org/W2510882505","https://openalex.org/W2511459981","https://openalex.org/W2512019570","https://openalex.org/W2514754342","https://openalex.org/W2550247067","https://openalex.org/W2551196604","https://openalex.org/W2600790110","https://openalex.org/W2608028893","https://openalex.org/W2624109864","https://openalex.org/W2624112931","https://openalex.org/W2669156789","https://openalex.org/W2744777509","https://openalex.org/W2767160721","https://openalex.org/W2775587901","https://openalex.org/W2791638390","https://openalex.org/W2791883396","https://openalex.org/W2795261565","https://openalex.org/W2796889554","https://openalex.org/W2800813855","https://openalex.org/W2802084959","https://openalex.org/W2802989963","https://openalex.org/W2803228996","https://openalex.org/W2804105936","https://openalex.org/W2805572369","https://openalex.org/W2806370871","https://openalex.org/W2808699469","https://openalex.org/W2811459761","https://openalex.org/W2822638269","https://openalex.org/W2886908423","https://openalex.org/W2888075064","https://openalex.org/W2888826127","https://openalex.org/W2893743371","https://openalex.org/W2896743836","https://openalex.org/W2896952214","https://openalex.org/W2898392938","https://openalex.org/W2902751867","https://openalex.org/W2904149259","https://openalex.org/W2909189078","https://openalex.org/W2910635668","https://openalex.org/W2912565176","https://openalex.org/W3022245269","https://openalex.org/W3147210364","https://openalex.org/W4211007335","https://openalex.org/W4230571157","https://openalex.org/W4230733346","https://openalex.org/W4243569459","https://openalex.org/W4252640433","https://openalex.org/W4292078529","https://openalex.org/W6645914205","https://openalex.org/W6664790115","https://openalex.org/W6725773564","https://openalex.org/W6725980889","https://openalex.org/W6739633590","https://openalex.org/W6755431716","https://openalex.org/W6764405980"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4255837520","https://openalex.org/W2387011115","https://openalex.org/W4234808182","https://openalex.org/W2382043075","https://openalex.org/W2809151339","https://openalex.org/W2360673138","https://openalex.org/W2809370583","https://openalex.org/W2333722679","https://openalex.org/W4255628145","https://openalex.org/W2093320919"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Expressing":[0],"the":[1,27,31,37,50,57,63,69,74,80,83,121,141,154,157,178,189],"measure":[2,65],"of":[3,7,11,44,68,79,126,143,156,163,166,176,180,191],"uncertainty,":[4],"in":[5,18,66,140],"terms":[6,67],"an":[8],"interval":[9],"instead":[10],"a":[12,149,161,167],"crisp":[13],"number,":[14],"provides":[15],"improved":[16],"results":[17],"fuzzy":[19,29,34,40,52,85],"mathematics.":[20],"Several":[21,124],"such":[22],"concepts":[23],"are":[24,92,99,106,134,182],"established,":[25],"including":[26,108],"interval-valued":[28,32,38,58],"set,":[30,35],"intuitionistic":[33],"and":[36,73,96,111,115,185],"picture":[39],"set.":[41],"The":[42,77,89,174],"goal":[43],"this":[45],"article":[46],"is":[47,87,118,145,170],"to":[48,171],"enhance":[49],"T-spherical":[51],"set":[53],"(TSFS)":[54],"by":[55,148],"introducing":[56],"TSFS":[59],"(IVTSFS),":[60],"which":[61],"describes":[62],"uncertainty":[64],"membership,":[70],"abstinence,":[71],"non-membership,":[72],"refusal":[75],"degree.":[76],"novelty":[78],"IVTSFS":[81],"over":[82],"pre-existing":[84,192],"structures":[86],"analyzed.":[88],"basic":[90],"operations":[91],"proposed":[93],"for":[94,104],"IVTSFSs":[95,105,144,181],"their":[97,116,131],"properties":[98],"investigated.":[100],"Two":[101],"aggregation":[102,193],"operators":[103],"developed,":[107,146],"weighted":[109,112],"averaging":[110],"geometric":[113],"operators,":[114,128],"validity":[117],"examined":[119],"using":[120,177],"induction":[122],"method.":[123],"consequences":[125],"new":[127],"along":[129],"with":[130],"comparative":[132],"studies,":[133],"elaborated.":[135],"A":[136],"multi-attribute":[137],"decision-making":[138],"method":[139],"context":[142],"followed":[147],"brief":[150],"numerical":[151],"example":[152],"where":[153],"selection":[155],"best":[158],"policy,":[159],"among":[160],"list":[162],"investment":[164],"policies":[165],"multinational":[168],"company,":[169],"be":[172],"evaluated.":[173],"advantages":[175],"framework":[179],"described":[183],"theoretically":[184],"numerically,":[186],"hence":[187],"showing":[188],"limitations":[190],"operators.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
