{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921799477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","title":"Analysis of the Transmission of Project Duration and Cost Impacts Based on the GERT Network Technique","display_name":"Analysis of the Transmission of Project Duration and Cost Impacts Based on the GERT Network Technique","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921799477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","mag":"2921799477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/337/pdf?version=1551881152","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/337/pdf?version=1551881152","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396719","display_name":"Zhiyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-8453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198645480","display_name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/03acrzv41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101055080","display_name":"Xiangtian Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1958-0023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198645480","display_name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/03acrzv41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangtian Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100408156","display_name":"Bo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9264-9741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198645480","display_name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/03acrzv41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066706130","display_name":"Tianyu Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1568-4695"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198645480","display_name":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","ror":"https://ror.org/03acrzv41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Support Engineering, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100408156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198645480"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.6174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71960836,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"337","last_page":"337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10395","display_name":"Construction Project Management and Performance","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9592000246047974,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.9584000110626221,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duration","display_name":"Duration (music)","score":0.9575051665306091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6375763416290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.6044182777404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-network","display_name":"Transmission network","score":0.47273436188697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4518808424472809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-cost","display_name":"Total cost","score":0.43761390447616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4301567077636719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4164063334465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.176977276802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1552729308605194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.07939964532852173}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112758219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038819","display_name":"Duration (music)","level":2,"score":0.9575051665306091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6375763416290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.6044182777404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986640423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200928","display_name":"Transmission network","level":3,"score":0.47273436188697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4518808424472809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.43761390447616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4301567077636719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4164063334465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.176977276802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1552729308605194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.07939964532852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/337/pdf?version=1551881152","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:50bde9de7819477d8b3bba54dfa0ee5e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/50bde9de7819477d8b3bba54dfa0ee5e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 3, p 337 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/3/337/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11030337","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11030337","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/3/337/pdf?version=1551881152","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921799477.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921799477.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W975561589","https://openalex.org/W1470705152","https://openalex.org/W1837601655","https://openalex.org/W1986916463","https://openalex.org/W2029000407","https://openalex.org/W2049299951","https://openalex.org/W2064956994","https://openalex.org/W2183790362","https://openalex.org/W2189326633","https://openalex.org/W2339548311","https://openalex.org/W2352433593","https://openalex.org/W2561120499","https://openalex.org/W2807635996","https://openalex.org/W2894909069","https://openalex.org/W2920927744","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6625532016","https://openalex.org/W6647230199","https://openalex.org/W6686405245","https://openalex.org/W6752084005","https://openalex.org/W6759976905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348837382","https://openalex.org/W746329893","https://openalex.org/W4205872570","https://openalex.org/W4245971243","https://openalex.org/W1922805944","https://openalex.org/W4253588120","https://openalex.org/W2383732295","https://openalex.org/W2942717012","https://openalex.org/W2560361912","https://openalex.org/W2909827418"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,35],"engineering":[1,129],"projects,":[2],"project":[3,24,43,75,97],"duration":[4,27,44,76,100,126],"and":[5,13,28,45,55,59,77,87,99,109,125],"a":[6,66,119],"cost":[7,29,46,78,98,124],"increase":[8],"occur":[9],"in":[10,80],"every":[11],"phase":[12],"will":[14,49],"propagate":[15],"their":[16],"impacts":[17,30,79],"downstream.":[18],"Associated":[19],"with":[20],"the":[21,26,40,51,81,93],"compensation":[22],"of":[23,42,74,92,106,128],"duration,":[25],"are":[31],"transferred":[32],"among":[33],"phases.":[34],"this":[36,107],"paper,":[37],"after":[38],"illustrating":[39],"transmission":[41,53,67,101],"impacts,":[47],"we":[48],"use":[50],"risk":[52],"theory":[54],"GERT":[56,82,94],"(Graphic":[57],"Evaluation":[58],"Review":[60],"Technique)":[61],"network":[62,95],"technique":[63],"to":[64],"build":[65],"model.":[68],"We":[69],"have":[70],"designed":[71],"equivalent":[72],"parameters":[73],"model":[83,108],"for":[84,96,123],"serial,":[85],"parallel,":[86],"hybrid":[88],"structures.":[89],"The":[90,104],"algorithm":[91,110],"is":[102,111],"analyzed.":[103],"effectiveness":[105],"proved":[112],"by":[113],"numerical":[114],"examples.":[115],"This":[116],"paper":[117],"provides":[118],"new":[120],"analytical":[121],"method":[122],"control":[127],"projects.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
