{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2911457985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","title":"On the Symmetry of the Bone Structure Density over the Nasopalatine Foramen via Accurate Fractal Dimension Analysis","display_name":"On the Symmetry of the Bone Structure Density over the Nasopalatine Foramen via Accurate Fractal Dimension Analysis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2911457985","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","mag":"2911457985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/202/pdf?version=1550817317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/202/pdf?version=1550817317","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015454231","display_name":"Michael M. Bornstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-8957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael M. Bornstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Oral Sciences of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7773-8957","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Oral Sciences of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075354135","display_name":"M. Fern\u00e1ndez\u2013Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-9205"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Fern\u00e1ndez-Mart\u00ednez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Center of Defence at the Spanish Air Force Academy, MDE-UPCT, 30720 Santiago de la Ribera, Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Center of Defence at the Spanish Air Force Academy, MDE-UPCT, 30720 Santiago de la Ribera, Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049648837","display_name":"Juan L. G. Guirao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-809X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3123212020","display_name":"Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena","ror":"https://ror.org/02k5kx966","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3123212020"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Juan L. G. Guirao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Matem\u00e1tica Aplicada y Estad\u00edstica, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena, Hospital de Marina, 30203 Cartagena, Regi\u00f3n de Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2788-809X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Matem\u00e1tica Aplicada y Estad\u00edstica, Universidad Polit\u00e9cnica de Cartagena, Hospital de Marina, 30203 Cartagena, Regi\u00f3n de Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123212020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101470423","display_name":"Francisco J. Garc\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6795-1028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091031","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfm3y81","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco J. G\u00f3mez-Garc\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071633474","display_name":"Yolanda Guerrero\u2013S\u00e1nchez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4228-2355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091031","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfm3y81","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yolanda Guerrero-S\u00e1nchez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058011981","display_name":"P\u00eda L\u00f3pez\u2010Jornet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-8613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091031","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer","ror":"https://ror.org/00cfm3y81","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P\u00eda L\u00f3pez-Jornet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-8613","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer General Universitary Hospital, Avda. Marqu\u00e9s de los V\u00e9lez, 30008 Murcia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091031"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049648837"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3123212020"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.9503,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74164178,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"202","last_page":"202"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.9617999792098999,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9287999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension","display_name":"Fractal dimension","score":0.7376770973205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-analysis","display_name":"Fractal analysis","score":0.5627972483634949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cone-beam-computed-tomography","display_name":"Cone beam computed tomography","score":0.5601462125778198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.49214643239974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal","display_name":"Fractal","score":0.47384101152420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.4448257088661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dentistry","display_name":"Dentistry","score":0.4254003167152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.39443305134773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computed-tomography","display_name":"Computed tomography","score":0.3323686122894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.14180591702461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.12276393175125122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26546657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452","display_name":"Fractal dimension","level":3,"score":0.7376770973205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162494671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845227","display_name":"Fractal analysis","level":4,"score":0.5627972483634949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779813781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1224951","display_name":"Cone beam computed tomography","level":3,"score":0.5601462125778198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.49214643239974976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.47384101152420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4448257088661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4254003167152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39443305134773254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.3323686122894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.14180591702461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.12276393175125122}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/202/pdf?version=1550817317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:lirias2repo.kuleuven.be:123456789/652312","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/652312","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055369","display_name":"Lirias","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry-Basel, vol. 11 (2), Art.No. ARTN 202","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1eb905b459ab4db59e6258e124b54a31","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1eb905b459ab4db59e6258e124b54a31","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 202 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/2/202/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020202","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/202/pdf?version=1550817317","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150882808","https://openalex.org/W277203106","https://openalex.org/W1915612357","https://openalex.org/W2134341208","https://openalex.org/W2138964704","https://openalex.org/W2525519110","https://openalex.org/W2528720930","https://openalex.org/W2790452310","https://openalex.org/W2883482605","https://openalex.org/W2906268520"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394117909","https://openalex.org/W2896054214","https://openalex.org/W2355197944","https://openalex.org/W2017118246","https://openalex.org/W2354661593","https://openalex.org/W2382240109","https://openalex.org/W2368475191","https://openalex.org/W2391311021","https://openalex.org/W2389188284","https://openalex.org/W1968412567"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,143],"objective":[1],"of":[2,23,41,45,73,94,106,111,117,123,146,159,179,182,185,215,223],"the":[3,10,14,21,71,74,121,127,140,147,176,198,204,209],"present":[4],"paper":[5],"is":[6],"to":[7,20,138],"describe":[8],"all":[9,44,197],"anatomical":[11],"considerations":[12],"surrounding":[13],"nasopalatine":[15],"foramen":[16],"by":[17],"relating":[18],"them":[19,46],"study":[22],"bone":[24],"structure":[25],"density":[26],"via":[27],"an":[28,67],"accurate":[29],"fractal":[30,86,165],"dimension":[31,87],"analysis":[32,88],"in":[33,149,203,208],"that":[34,150,164,190],"area.":[35],"We":[36,58,162,187],"consecutively":[37],"selected":[38],"a":[39,60,84,156,167,220],"sample":[40,92,151,184],"130":[42,95],"patients,":[43],"with":[47,66,120,155],"cone":[48],"beam":[49],"computed":[50],"tomography":[51],"(CBCT)":[52],"images":[53,174],"performed":[54],"for":[55,172],"treatment":[56],"needs.":[57],"chose":[59],"specific":[61],"window":[62],"(ROI),":[63],"which":[64],"coincides":[65],"axial":[68],"cut":[69],"at":[70,219],"level":[72],"anterior":[75],"nasal":[76],"spine.":[77],"Different":[78],"anthropometric":[79,199],"measurements":[80],"were":[81,130,136,192,217],"analyzed":[82],"and":[83,97,113],"novel":[85],"was":[89,98,152],"performed.":[90],"Our":[91],"consisted":[93],"patients":[96,119,148],"divided":[99],"into":[100],"two":[101,115],"groups:":[102],"group":[103,114],"one":[104],"(consisting":[105,116],"65":[107,118],"subjects":[108,205],"without":[109],"loss":[110],"teeth)":[112],"absence":[122],"some":[124,213],"teeth).":[125],"In":[126],"sample,":[128],"52.31%":[129],"women":[131],"(68":[132],"people).":[133],"Mann\u2013Whitney":[134],"tests":[135],"applied":[137],"obtain":[139],"statistical":[141],"results.":[142],"mean":[144],"age":[145],"53.67":[153],"years":[154],"standard":[157],"deviation":[158],"8.20":[160],"years.":[161],"conclude":[163,189],"dimension,":[166],"mathematical":[168],"invariant,":[169],"behaves":[170],"symmetrically":[171],"binary":[173],"from":[175],"CBCT":[177],"scanners":[178],"each":[180],"subject":[181],"our":[183],"study.":[186],"also":[188],"there":[191],"no":[193],"significant":[194],"differences":[195],"between":[196],"measures":[200],"used":[201],"neither":[202],"themselves":[206],"nor":[207],"different":[210],"groups.":[211],"Therefore,":[212],"patterns":[214],"symmetry":[216],"appreciated":[218],"complete":[221],"range":[222],"levels.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
