{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2913155324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","title":"Gentle Slow Start to Alleviate TCP Incast in Data Center Networks","display_name":"Gentle Slow Start to Alleviate TCP Incast in Data Center Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2913155324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","mag":"2913155324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/138/pdf?version=1548569641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/138/pdf?version=1548569641","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062992724","display_name":"Sheeba Memon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-062X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheeba Memon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111489386","display_name":"Jiawei Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4819-2585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102881065","display_name":"Hussain Saajid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3565-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussain Saajid","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111489386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.7037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76992338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"138","last_page":"138"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/goodput","display_name":"Goodput","score":0.8966569304466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7565039396286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-westwood-plus","display_name":"TCP Westwood plus","score":0.7494416236877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.719196617603302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-tuning","display_name":"TCP tuning","score":0.6706158518791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-friendly-rate-control","display_name":"TCP Friendly Rate Control","score":0.6444021463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-global-synchronization","display_name":"TCP global synchronization","score":0.5867425203323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cubic-tcp","display_name":"CUBIC TCP","score":0.5620170831680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-control-protocol","display_name":"Transmission Control Protocol","score":0.5110398530960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-congestion","display_name":"Network congestion","score":0.5082340240478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h-tcp","display_name":"H-TCP","score":0.4958067834377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-vegas","display_name":"TCP Vegas","score":0.4691518545150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tcp-acceleration","display_name":"TCP acceleration","score":0.44896531105041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.44135814905166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.23034361004829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1288098394870758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.07595109939575195}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94022561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172393","display_name":"Goodput","level":4,"score":0.8966569304466248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7565039396286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178127533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669752","display_name":"TCP Westwood plus","level":5,"score":0.7494416236877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.719196617603302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120837960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669763","display_name":"TCP tuning","level":4,"score":0.6706158518791199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30838235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669749","display_name":"TCP Friendly Rate Control","level":4,"score":0.6444021463394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162030245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2383755","display_name":"TCP global synchronization","level":4,"score":0.5867425203323364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140349481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4035697","display_name":"CUBIC TCP","level":5,"score":0.5620170831680298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33588617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8803","display_name":"Transmission Control Protocol","level":3,"score":0.5110398530960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195563490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180368","display_name":"Network congestion","level":3,"score":0.5082340240478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128381798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5627845","display_name":"H-TCP","level":5,"score":0.4958067834377289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171614303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9081210","display_name":"TCP Vegas","level":5,"score":0.4691518545150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101452262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7669757","display_name":"TCP acceleration","level":4,"score":0.44896531105041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.44135814905166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.23034361004829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1288098394870758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07595109939575195}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/138/pdf?version=1548569641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf295ae145a54a3d9a4a356708e6e841","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf295ae145a54a3d9a4a356708e6e841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 138 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/11/2/138/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym11020138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym11020138","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/11/2/138/pdf?version=1548569641","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913155324.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2913155324.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515525935","https://openalex.org/W1534924226","https://openalex.org/W1864827048","https://openalex.org/W1981611651","https://openalex.org/W1987959657","https://openalex.org/W2004380039","https://openalex.org/W2053513173","https://openalex.org/W2080584411","https://openalex.org/W2083656653","https://openalex.org/W2100092760","https://openalex.org/W2104870904","https://openalex.org/W2109195783","https://openalex.org/W2110104287","https://openalex.org/W2113160806","https://openalex.org/W2125901106","https://openalex.org/W2133581580","https://openalex.org/W2135632979","https://openalex.org/W2143271047","https://openalex.org/W2160830750","https://openalex.org/W2164740236","https://openalex.org/W2168595508","https://openalex.org/W2493427062","https://openalex.org/W2509351453","https://openalex.org/W2580179923","https://openalex.org/W2734955409","https://openalex.org/W2766644800","https://openalex.org/W2789339130","https://openalex.org/W2792432920","https://openalex.org/W2793617123","https://openalex.org/W6637998620"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2096570563","https://openalex.org/W112986431","https://openalex.org/W2980908434","https://openalex.org/W2048721293","https://openalex.org/W2523395259","https://openalex.org/W2361374223","https://openalex.org/W2096477134","https://openalex.org/W2141669981","https://openalex.org/W1979210040","https://openalex.org/W2795569039"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"data":[1,24,28,126],"center":[2,25,127],"networks":[3,26],"typically":[4],"adopt":[5],"symmetric":[6],"topologies,":[7],"such":[8],"as":[9],"leaf-spine":[10],"and":[11,47,98,113,119,141],"fat-tree.":[12],"When":[13],"a":[14,95],"large":[15],"number":[16],"of":[17,42,63,115],"transmission":[18],"control":[19],"protocol":[20],"(TCP)":[21],"flows":[22],"in":[23,94],"send":[27],"to":[29,90,104],"the":[30,33,43,51,60,64,68,78,86,111,124,138,143],"same":[31],"receiver,":[32],"congestion":[34,65,87,92,105],"collapse,":[35],"called":[36],"TCP":[37,52],"Incast,":[38],"frequently":[39],"happens":[40],"because":[41],"huge":[44],"packet":[45],"losses":[46],"Time-Out.":[48],"To":[49],"address":[50],"Incast":[53,139],"issue,":[54],"we":[55,76,109],"firstly":[56],"demonstrate":[57],"that":[58,134],"adjusting":[59],"increasing":[61],"speed":[62],"window":[66,88],"during":[67],"slow":[69,102],"start":[70,103],"phase":[71],"is":[72],"crucially":[73],"important.":[74],"Then":[75],"propose":[77],"Gentle":[79,116],"Slow":[80,117],"Start":[81,118],"(GSS)":[82],"algorithm,":[83],"which":[84],"adjusts":[85],"according":[89],"real-time":[91],"state":[93],"gentle":[96],"manner":[97],"smoothly":[99],"switches":[100],"from":[101],"avoidance":[106],"phase.":[107],"Furthermore,":[108],"present":[110],"implementation":[112],"design":[114],"also":[120],"integrate":[121],"it":[122],"into":[123],"state-of-the-art":[125],"transport":[128],"protocols.":[129],"The":[130],"test":[131],"results":[132],"show":[133],"GSS":[135],"effectively":[136],"decreases":[137],"probability":[140],"increases":[142],"network":[144],"goodput":[145],"by":[146],"average":[147],"8x.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}