{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1985630186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","title":"Photoacoustic Techniques for Trace Gas Sensing Based on Semiconductor Laser Sources","display_name":"Photoacoustic Techniques for Trace Gas Sensing Based on Semiconductor Laser Sources","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1985630186","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","mag":"1985630186","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22303143"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s91209616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/12/9616/pdf?version=1403311920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/12/9616/pdf?version=1403311920","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109063875","display_name":"Angela Elia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angela Elia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM LIT  , Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \"M. Merlin, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy; E-Mails:    (P.M.L.);    (C.D.F.);    (V.S.)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM LIT  , Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \"M. Merlin, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy; E-Mails:    (P.M.L.);    (C.D.F.);    (V.S.)","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014919173","display_name":"Pietro Mario Lugar\u00e0","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Mario Lugar\u00e0","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","University Of Bari"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Bari","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028489652","display_name":"Cinzia Di Franco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3310-7878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cinzia Di Franco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","University Of Bari"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Bari","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049910998","display_name":"Vincenzo Spagnolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4867-8166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Spagnolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","University Of Bari"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratorio Regionale CNR-INFM \u201cLIT3\u201d, Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica \u201cM. Merlin\u201d, Universit\u00e0 and Politecnico of Bari, Bari, I-70126, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Of Bari","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109063875"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":2.8212,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":212,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8982537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"12","first_page":"9616","last_page":"9628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11111","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Laser Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-imaging-in-biomedicine","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","score":0.8101989030838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace-gas","display_name":"Trace gas","score":0.7230648994445801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor","display_name":"Semiconductor","score":0.7037487030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.677641749382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-spectroscopy","display_name":"Photoacoustic spectroscopy","score":0.6668102145195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.6275371313095093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoacoustic-tomography","display_name":"Photoacoustic tomography","score":0.5755794048309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5280913710594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quartz","display_name":"Quartz","score":0.48641180992126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4376988708972931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.39771270751953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.17040026187896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15036356449127197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.07099378108978271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54932901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187705","display_name":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","level":2,"score":0.8101989030838013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130047971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q289382","display_name":"Trace gas","level":2,"score":0.7230648994445801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.7037487030029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.677641749382019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900415","display_name":"Photoacoustic spectroscopy","level":3,"score":0.6668102145195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.6275371313095093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109592283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187705","display_name":"Photoacoustic tomography","level":3,"score":0.5755794048309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5280913710594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779870107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43010","display_name":"Quartz","level":2,"score":0.48641180992126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4376988708972931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.39771270751953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.17040026187896729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15036356449127197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.07099378108978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s91209616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/12/9616/pdf?version=1403311920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22303143","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22303143","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2bdf5c26651f4f97974ac26a3573ea70","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2bdf5c26651f4f97974ac26a3573ea70","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp 9616-9628 (2009)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2278889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3267191","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/9/12/9616/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors; Volume 9; Issue 12; Pages: 9616-9628","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/99881","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11586/99881","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s91209616","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s91209616","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/12/9616/pdf?version=1403311920","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326082","display_name":"Regione Puglia","ror":"https://ror.org/039k11f95"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985630186.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1985630186.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96417612","https://openalex.org/W100646834","https://openalex.org/W163653932","https://openalex.org/W215331019","https://openalex.org/W266154657","https://openalex.org/W571186505","https://openalex.org/W1876662067","https://openalex.org/W1902126796","https://openalex.org/W1970514034","https://openalex.org/W1971224384","https://openalex.org/W1977068463","https://openalex.org/W1981307843","https://openalex.org/W1981873894","https://openalex.org/W1982777172","https://openalex.org/W1985017516","https://openalex.org/W1986971709","https://openalex.org/W1988207693","https://openalex.org/W1989366333","https://openalex.org/W1998387752","https://openalex.org/W1999436767","https://openalex.org/W2002711407","https://openalex.org/W2014286175","https://openalex.org/W2016222110","https://openalex.org/W2021390962","https://openalex.org/W2025190853","https://openalex.org/W2027347827","https://openalex.org/W2027386784","https://openalex.org/W2031233818","https://openalex.org/W2032860398","https://openalex.org/W2035780321","https://openalex.org/W2039233533","https://openalex.org/W2040679999","https://openalex.org/W2043691206","https://openalex.org/W2046926923","https://openalex.org/W2050209179","https://openalex.org/W2050660116","https://openalex.org/W2053107158","https://openalex.org/W2053434289","https://openalex.org/W2054743972","https://openalex.org/W2063256598","https://openalex.org/W2064999082","https://openalex.org/W2065777435","https://openalex.org/W2068959521","https://openalex.org/W2071469974","https://openalex.org/W2080760030","https://openalex.org/W2081798123","https://openalex.org/W2083879290","https://openalex.org/W2086700876","https://openalex.org/W2089955999","https://openalex.org/W2090195242","https://openalex.org/W2095492939","https://openalex.org/W2111022151","https://openalex.org/W2123866296","https://openalex.org/W2126646260","https://openalex.org/W2148903749","https://openalex.org/W2161567179","https://openalex.org/W2163755236","https://openalex.org/W2313939470","https://openalex.org/W2490043822","https://openalex.org/W2506011388","https://openalex.org/W4252069976","https://openalex.org/W6608752674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W390006624","https://openalex.org/W185212687","https://openalex.org/W608296428","https://openalex.org/W4388497782","https://openalex.org/W2385606564","https://openalex.org/W4403070166","https://openalex.org/W2051153911","https://openalex.org/W2372669038","https://openalex.org/W2320580751","https://openalex.org/W2157749988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"paper":[1],"provides":[2],"an":[3],"overview":[4],"on":[5,12],"the":[6,17,24],"use":[7],"of":[8,19],"photoacoustic":[9,33],"sensors":[10],"based":[11],"semiconductor":[13],"laser":[14],"sources":[15],"for":[16],"detection":[18],"trace":[20],"gases.":[21],"We":[22],"review":[23],"results":[25],"obtained":[26],"using":[27],"standard,":[28],"differential":[29],"and":[30],"quartz":[31],"enhanced":[32],"techniques.":[34]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
