{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403103422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196415","title":"High-Precision Photonics-Assisted Two-Step Microwave Frequency Measurement Combining Time and Power Mapping Method","display_name":"High-Precision Photonics-Assisted Two-Step Microwave Frequency Measurement Combining Time and Power Mapping Method","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403103422","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196415","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39409455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6415/pdf?version=1727952038","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6415/pdf?version=1727952038","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022239186","display_name":"Zhangyi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-6386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangyi Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021953852","display_name":"Zuoheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4118-3694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zuoheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025981927","display_name":"Yuqing Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6692-8416"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqing Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102208912","display_name":"Hanbo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanbo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325932","display_name":"Jiaqi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8968-9120"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105312","display_name":"Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01pw44479","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105312"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute, Minhang District, Shanghai 201109, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Radio Equipment Research Institute, Minhang District, Shanghai 201109, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105312"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058616312","display_name":"Wei Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-2360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091786","display_name":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00g102351","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210149211","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058616312","https://openalex.org/A5100325932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210091786","https://openalex.org/I4210105312"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.487,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81904339,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"19","first_page":"6415","last_page":"6415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10988","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accuracy-and-precision","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","score":0.6388390064239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5797684788703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.565988302230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observational-error","display_name":"Observational error","score":0.5111585259437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5027401447296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.500622034072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.45845359563827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.45725104212760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brillouin-scattering","display_name":"Brillouin scattering","score":0.4141126275062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3225676715373993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23912423849105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.1814042031764984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17705312371253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16899818181991577}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.6388390064239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5797684788703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.565988302230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19619285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196372","display_name":"Observational error","level":2,"score":0.5111585259437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5027401447296143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.500622034072876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45845359563827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.45725104212760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43989790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578741","display_name":"Brillouin scattering","level":3,"score":0.4141126275062561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3225676715373993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23912423849105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.1814042031764984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17705312371253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16899818181991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6415/pdf?version=1727952038","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39409455","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39409455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11479167","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11479167","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11479167/pdf/sensors-24-06415.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:08cf74ba2379485da6ce61fc75a7e3f7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/08cf74ba2379485da6ce61fc75a7e3f7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 19, p 6415 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196415","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6415/pdf?version=1727952038","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4403103422.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993474145","https://openalex.org/W2024711108","https://openalex.org/W2087330872","https://openalex.org/W2109606373","https://openalex.org/W2149625210","https://openalex.org/W2467829111","https://openalex.org/W2580615064","https://openalex.org/W2799565517","https://openalex.org/W2905116972","https://openalex.org/W2913461144","https://openalex.org/W3003872970","https://openalex.org/W3110611676","https://openalex.org/W3111949532","https://openalex.org/W3194000448","https://openalex.org/W3199446349","https://openalex.org/W4309321594","https://openalex.org/W4318154342","https://openalex.org/W4321608900","https://openalex.org/W4377709560","https://openalex.org/W4382536757","https://openalex.org/W4385217955","https://openalex.org/W4387517539"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4322703778","https://openalex.org/W2043595074","https://openalex.org/W2382420926","https://openalex.org/W2933166189","https://openalex.org/W2892482535","https://openalex.org/W2185672108","https://openalex.org/W2205585073","https://openalex.org/W2118681518","https://openalex.org/W2268064091","https://openalex.org/W2355955523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photonics-assisted":[0],"methods":[1],"for":[2,10],"microwave":[3],"frequency":[4,205],"measurement":[5,56,58,71,108,159,189,196],"(MFM)":[6],"show":[7],"great":[8,75],"potential":[9],"overcoming":[11],"electronic":[12],"bottlenecks":[13],"and":[14,20,27,60,99,110,127,203],"offer":[15],"promising":[16],"applications":[17],"in":[18,77,187],"radar":[19],"communication":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,29,45,170],"their":[24],"wide":[25],"bandwidth":[26],"immunity":[28],"electromagnetic":[30],"interference.":[31],"In":[32,85],"common":[33],"photonics-assisted":[34],"MFM":[35,91],"methods,":[36],"the":[37,43,64,95,119,141,151,154,171,188],"frequency-to-time":[38],"mapping":[39,66],"(FTTM)":[40],"method":[41,68,92],"has":[42],"capability":[44],"measure":[46],"various":[47],"types":[48,80],"of":[49,97,144,184,191,198,207],"signals,":[50],"but":[51,73],"with":[52,107,113,194],"a":[53,88,182,195,204],"trade-off":[54],"between":[55],"error,":[57],"range,":[59],"real-time":[61,105],"performance,":[62],"while":[63],"frequency-to-power":[65],"(FTPM)":[67],"offers":[69],"low":[70],"error":[72,197],"faces":[74],"difficulty":[76],"measuring":[78],"signal":[79],"other":[81,114],"than":[82,200],"single-tone":[83],"signals.":[84,147],"this":[86],"paper,":[87],"two-step":[89],"high-precision":[90],"based":[93,117,131,149],"on":[94,118,132,150],"combination":[96],"FTTM":[98,120,137],"FTPM":[100,172],"is":[101,138],"proposed,":[102],"which":[103],"balances":[104],"performance":[106],"precision":[109],"resolution":[111,206],"compared":[112],"similar":[115],"works":[116],"method.":[121],"By":[122],"utilizing":[123],"high-speed":[124],"optical":[125,129,179],"sweeping":[126,180],"an":[128],"filter":[130],"stimulated":[133],"Brillouin":[134],"scattering":[135],"(SBS),":[136],"accomplished,":[139],"enabling":[140],"rough":[142],"identification":[143],"multiple":[145],"different":[146],"Next,":[148],"results":[152,160],"from":[153,164],"previous":[155],"step,":[156],"more":[157],"precise":[158],"can":[161,177],"be":[162],"calculated":[163],"several":[165],"additional":[166],"sampling":[167],"points":[168],"according":[169],"principle.":[173],"The":[174],"demonstration":[175],"system":[176],"perform":[178],"at":[181],"speed":[183],"20":[185],"GHz/\u03bcs":[186],"range":[190],"1-18":[192],"GHz,":[193],"less":[199],"10":[201],"MHz":[202],"40":[208],"MHz.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-20T22:02:38.213706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}