{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402765276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196175","title":"A High Gain Circularly Polarized Slot Antenna Array for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications","display_name":"A High Gain Circularly Polarized Slot Antenna Array for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402765276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196175","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39409215"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6175/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6175/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724435","display_name":"Wei He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-0590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-0590","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000681385","display_name":"Jun Hong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6003-8359"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033316204","display_name":"Yongmei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1731-6397"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongmei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Information Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Information Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077939730","display_name":"Yuan-Xiang Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1151-2097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanxiang Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Science, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100730338","display_name":"Xiaohu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-5415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059527773","display_name":"Xiao-Yong Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-3103"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96478251","display_name":"Hunan Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04n3k2k71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyong Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-3103","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Human Factors and Safety Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96478251"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3846,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81389753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"19","first_page":"6175","last_page":"6175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5754269957542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.536171555519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5342966914176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.5156006217002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation","display_name":"Radiation","score":0.5036515593528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.4982016086578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-array","display_name":"Antenna array","score":0.46623679995536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-measurement","display_name":"Antenna measurement","score":0.4657730758190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.46073123812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.45880523324012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slot-antenna","display_name":"Slot antenna","score":0.4325483441352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2853233516216278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27203118801116943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2188437283039093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5754269957542419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.536171555519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5342966914176941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.5156006217002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153385146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18335","display_name":"Radiation","level":2,"score":0.5036515593528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4982016086578369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.46623679995536804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158616128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771260","display_name":"Antenna measurement","level":3,"score":0.4657730758190155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.46073123812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.45880523324012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109026120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369099","display_name":"Slot antenna","level":4,"score":0.4325483441352844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2853233516216278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27203118801116943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2188437283039093}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6175/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39409215","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39409215","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11479158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11479158","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11479158/pdf/sensors-24-06175.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:33be02fb5c35480f92321d7fcfbb7d1c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/33be02fb5c35480f92321d7fcfbb7d1c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 19, p 6175 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24196175","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24196175","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/19/6175/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1349827537","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JJ50148","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4348287723","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JJ30222","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6611669165","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JJ50082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7184566576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022JJ30017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402765276.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402765276.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105178391","https://openalex.org/W2109523969","https://openalex.org/W2276442715","https://openalex.org/W2343403684","https://openalex.org/W2749796951","https://openalex.org/W2912798412","https://openalex.org/W2945075385","https://openalex.org/W3091878668","https://openalex.org/W3174827247","https://openalex.org/W4285298671","https://openalex.org/W4323891865","https://openalex.org/W4368232598","https://openalex.org/W4387744627","https://openalex.org/W4388642357","https://openalex.org/W4389065207","https://openalex.org/W4392397371","https://openalex.org/W4392979621","https://openalex.org/W4393241302","https://openalex.org/W4393394719","https://openalex.org/W4394595399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3217625098","https://openalex.org/W4302014095","https://openalex.org/W2506332500","https://openalex.org/W2183897448","https://openalex.org/W1907537942","https://openalex.org/W2343010124","https://openalex.org/W2542730167","https://openalex.org/W2163627123","https://openalex.org/W2045039691","https://openalex.org/W2574930852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"air-filled":[1,74],"substrate-integrated":[2,75],"waveguide":[3,76],"(AF-SIW)":[4],"circularly":[5],"polarized":[6],"(CP)":[7],"1":[8,160],"\u00d7":[9,161],"8":[10,162],"mm":[11],"wave":[12],"antenna":[13,24,97,119,138,163,194],"array":[14,25,164],"is":[15,54,78,92,130,140],"presented":[16,22],"for":[17,94,114,201],"fifth-generation":[18],"(5G)":[19],"applications.":[20,204],"The":[21,51,73,137,155],"slot":[23],"consists":[26],"of":[27,30,35,59,68,90,110,158],"three":[28],"layers":[29],"PCB":[31],"and":[32,44,142],"one":[33],"layer":[34],"aluminum,":[36],"which":[37,129,179],"serve":[38],"as":[39,149,151,170,172],"the":[40,45,57,66,69,95,117,146,152,159,167,173,183,187,192],"AF-SIW":[41,70],"feeding":[42,71],"network":[43],"metal":[46],"cavity":[47,64],"radiation":[48,63,83],"element,":[49],"respectively.":[50],"CP":[52,115],"characteristic":[53],"achieved":[55],"by":[56],"use":[58],"an":[60],"S-shaped":[61],"aluminum":[62],"on":[65],"top":[67],"network.":[72],"technique":[77],"unitized":[79],"to":[80,103,134,144],"achieve":[81],"high":[82],"efficiency.":[84],"A":[85],"wide":[86,122,168],"input":[87,174],"impedance":[88,175],"bandwidth":[89],"18.4%":[91],"obtained":[93],"proposed":[96,118,193],"scheme,":[98],"ranging":[99],"from":[100],"34.5":[101],"GHz":[102,133],"41.5":[104],"GHz,":[105],"with":[106,182],"a":[107,121,198],"peak":[108],"gain":[109],"18":[111],"dBic.":[112],"As":[113],"characteristic,":[116],"possesses":[120],"3":[123],"dB":[124],"axial":[125],"ratio":[126],"(AR)":[127],"bandwidth,":[128],"16.4%":[131],"(36.5":[132],"43":[135],"GHz).":[136],"scheme":[139,195],"fabricated":[141],"measured":[143,156,188],"verify":[145],"potential":[147],"application":[148],"well":[150,171,181],"promising":[153],"performance.":[154],"results":[157,189],"shows":[165],"that":[166,191],"AR":[169],"are":[176],"simultaneously":[177],"achieved,":[178],"coincide":[180],"simulated":[184],"results.":[185],"Also,":[186],"indicate":[190],"might":[196],"be":[197],"good":[199],"candidate":[200],"future":[202],"mobile":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
