{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402768378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186116","title":"Synchronous End-to-End Vehicle Pedestrian Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv8 in Complex Scenarios","display_name":"Synchronous End-to-End Vehicle Pedestrian Detection Algorithm Based on Improved YOLOv8 in Complex Scenarios","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402768378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186116","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39338863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24186116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186116","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/18/6116/pdf?version=1726980487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/18/6116/pdf?version=1726980487","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103660055","display_name":"Shi Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3516337","display_name":"Batangas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/019en2y21","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113703","display_name":"Henan University of Urban Construction","ror":"https://ror.org/01x1skr92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113703"]}],"countries":["CN","PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan City 467000, China","Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7129-9155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan City 467000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100702364","display_name":"Yi He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5357-6623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3516337","display_name":"Batangas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/019en2y21","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113703","display_name":"Henan University of Urban Construction","ror":"https://ror.org/01x1skr92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113703"]}],"countries":["CN","PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan City 467000, China","Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electrical and Control Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan City 467000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055589128","display_name":"Jeffrey S. Sarmiento","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-7181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3516337","display_name":"Batangas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/019en2y21","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey S. Sarmiento","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-7181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Batangas State University, Batangas City 4200, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055589128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3516337"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.9984,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75045447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"18","first_page":"6116","last_page":"6116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.7929876446723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7045680284500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.6349799633026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6178511381149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5258995890617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.48971226811408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.44941645860671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.41605132818222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3824925422668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2023695707321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.07840874791145325}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.7929876446723938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7045680284500122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.6349799633026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6178511381149292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5258995890617371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.48971226811408997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.44941645860671997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.41605132818222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3824925422668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2023695707321167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.07840874791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24186116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186116","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/18/6116/pdf?version=1726980487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39338863","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39338863","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11435795","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11435795","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11435795/pdf/sensors-24-06116.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:018bfd9d6a134bffbf0bf8380efd417c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/018bfd9d6a134bffbf0bf8380efd417c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 18, p 6116 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24186116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24186116","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/18/6116/pdf?version=1726980487","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7900000214576721,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402768378.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402768378.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3214540713","https://openalex.org/W3215865259","https://openalex.org/W4206712668","https://openalex.org/W4210344475","https://openalex.org/W4226378125","https://openalex.org/W4280501534","https://openalex.org/W4280502488","https://openalex.org/W4285597248","https://openalex.org/W4290043875","https://openalex.org/W4292543057","https://openalex.org/W4304206911","https://openalex.org/W4310047298","https://openalex.org/W4311495394","https://openalex.org/W4321374034","https://openalex.org/W4322625282","https://openalex.org/W4328098841","https://openalex.org/W4376455439","https://openalex.org/W4382450226","https://openalex.org/W4385728398","https://openalex.org/W4387824330","https://openalex.org/W4388573811","https://openalex.org/W4388935179","https://openalex.org/W4389104643","https://openalex.org/W4389855494","https://openalex.org/W4392231788","https://openalex.org/W4392838439","https://openalex.org/W4395077793","https://openalex.org/W4395667969","https://openalex.org/W4395673610","https://openalex.org/W4399237955","https://openalex.org/W4399491108","https://openalex.org/W4400387524","https://openalex.org/W6862297122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2770234245","https://openalex.org/W2392100589","https://openalex.org/W96612179","https://openalex.org/W2512789322","https://openalex.org/W4229499248","https://openalex.org/W2566006169","https://openalex.org/W1567818861","https://openalex.org/W2987774938","https://openalex.org/W2972620127","https://openalex.org/W2981141433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,250],"modern":[1],"urban":[2,286],"traffic,":[3],"vehicles":[4],"and":[5,17,31,51,60,73,111,114,120,142,189,196,201,217,221,244,276,280,302,317],"pedestrians":[6],"are":[7],"fundamental":[8],"elements":[9],"in":[10,24,39,86,105,171,219,233,242,248,266,284,298],"the":[11,81,100,118,148,168,193,198,213,230,252,274],"study":[12],"of":[13,83,102,108,122,128,175,259,278,309],"traffic":[14,29,88],"dynamics.":[15],"Vehicle":[16],"pedestrian":[18,74,130,158,222,281],"detection":[19,36,58,75,85,131,140,159,169,199,257,297],"have":[20,178],"significant":[21],"practical":[22],"value":[23],"fields":[25],"like":[26,314],"autonomous":[27],"driving,":[28],"management,":[30],"public":[32],"security.":[33],"However,":[34],"traditional":[35,103],"methods":[37,104],"struggle":[38],"complex":[40,87,172,267],"environments":[41],"due":[42],"to":[43,56,98,116,166,211],"challenges":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46],"varying":[47],"scales,":[48],"target":[49,208],"occlusion,":[50],"high":[52],"computational":[53],"costs,":[54],"leading":[55],"lower":[57],"accuracy":[59,121,200],"slower":[61],"performance.":[62],"To":[63],"address":[64,99],"these":[65],"challenges,":[66],"this":[67,151,234],"paper":[68,152],"proposes":[69,153],"an":[70,206,239],"improved":[71,163,179,186,197,292],"vehicle":[72,157,220,279],"algorithm":[76,160,210,214,231],"based":[77,161],"on":[78,147,162],"YOLOv8,":[79,164],"with":[80,306],"aim":[82],"enhancing":[84],"scenes.":[89,173],"The":[90,125,224],"motivation":[91],"behind":[92],"our":[93,236,291],"design":[94],"is":[95],"twofold:":[96],"first,":[97],"limitations":[101],"handling":[106],"targets":[107],"different":[109],"scales":[110],"severe":[112],"occlusions,":[113],"second,":[115],"improve":[117],"efficiency":[119,275],"real-time":[123,256,296],"detection.":[124,223],"new":[126],"generation":[127],"dense":[129],"technology":[132],"requires":[133],"higher":[134],"accuracy,":[135],"less":[136],"computing":[137],"overhead,":[138],"faster":[139],"speed,":[141],"more":[143,215],"convenient":[144],"deployment.":[145],"Based":[146],"above":[149],"background,":[150],"a":[154,183,245,255,307],"synchronous":[155],"end-to-end":[156,207],"aiming":[165],"solve":[167],"problem":[170],"First":[174],"all,":[176],"we":[177,204],"YOLOv8":[180,293],"by":[181],"designing":[182],"deformable":[184],"convolutional":[185],"backbone":[187],"network":[188,194],"attention":[190],"mechanism,":[191],"optimized":[192],"structure,":[195],"speed.":[202],"Secondly,":[203],"introduced":[205],"search":[209],"make":[212],"stable":[216],"accurate":[218],"experimental":[225],"results":[226],"show":[227],"that,":[228],"using":[229],"designed":[232],"paper,":[235],"model":[237,253,294],"achieves":[238],"11.76%":[240],"increase":[241],"precision":[243],"6.27%":[246],"boost":[247],"mAP.":[249],"addition,":[251],"maintains":[254],"speed":[258],"41.46":[260],"FPS,":[261],"ensuring":[262],"robust":[263],"performance":[264,305],"even":[265],"scenarios.":[268],"These":[269],"optimizations":[270],"significantly":[271],"enhance":[272],"both":[273],"robustness":[277],"detection,":[282],"particularly":[283],"crowded":[285],"environments.":[287],"We":[288],"further":[289],"apply":[290],"for":[295],"intelligent":[299],"transportation":[300],"systems":[301],"achieve":[303],"exceptional":[304],"mAP":[308],"95.23%,":[310],"outperforming":[311],"state-of-the-art":[312],"models":[313],"YOLOv5,":[315],"YOLOv7,":[316],"Faster":[318],"R-CNN.":[319]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}