{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402001616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","title":"An Ionization-Based Aerosol Sensor and Its Performance Study","display_name":"An Ionization-Based Aerosol Sensor and Its Performance Study","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402001616","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39275511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175600","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5600/pdf?version=1724925403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5600/pdf?version=1724925403","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100785221","display_name":"Yong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2408-9073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2408-9073","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071557450","display_name":"Chunqi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-156X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunqi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103081243","display_name":"Liang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7986-6995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109716711","display_name":"Yuqi Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2879-6230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007826853","display_name":"Ruizhe Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8531-5308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruizhe Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100785221"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.3666,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57841769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"17","first_page":"5600","last_page":"5600"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10663","display_name":"Advanced Battery Technologies Research","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10461","display_name":"Gas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerosol","display_name":"Aerosol","score":0.7933366298675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-runaway","display_name":"Thermal runaway","score":0.6266509294509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.6083905100822449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.43492391705513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-engineering","display_name":"Process engineering","score":0.4158731698989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40151089429855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.3707852363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.36652064323425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3548525869846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-engineering","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","score":0.35142451524734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.34196269512176514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.1788094937801361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07789230346679688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104541","display_name":"Aerosol","level":2,"score":0.7933366298675537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72688512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908282","display_name":"Thermal runaway","level":4,"score":0.6266509294509888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.6083905100822449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.43492391705513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.4158731698989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40151089429855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3707852363586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.36652064323425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3548525869846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.35142451524734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.34196269512176514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1788094937801361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07789230346679688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175600","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5600/pdf?version=1724925403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39275511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39275511","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11398159","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11398159","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11398159/pdf/sensors-24-05600.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac81737301b04e288f81643b4f78e623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac81737301b04e288f81643b4f78e623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 17, p 5600 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/24/17/5600/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175600","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175600","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5600/pdf?version=1724925403","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402001616.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402001616.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983943889","https://openalex.org/W1994921227","https://openalex.org/W1995786855","https://openalex.org/W1998350033","https://openalex.org/W2014834594","https://openalex.org/W2015067680","https://openalex.org/W2046020177","https://openalex.org/W2071327121","https://openalex.org/W2073002865","https://openalex.org/W2090441425","https://openalex.org/W2115704991","https://openalex.org/W2116507044","https://openalex.org/W2148766914","https://openalex.org/W2325919618","https://openalex.org/W2607807172","https://openalex.org/W2743624283","https://openalex.org/W2750969549","https://openalex.org/W2753805548","https://openalex.org/W2888510681","https://openalex.org/W2890994741","https://openalex.org/W3087769098","https://openalex.org/W3175182671","https://openalex.org/W6674496227","https://openalex.org/W6753545183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4386252821","https://openalex.org/W3157272574","https://openalex.org/W2921503841","https://openalex.org/W3199420763","https://openalex.org/W4304956821","https://openalex.org/W3204761379","https://openalex.org/W4311700797","https://openalex.org/W4284894981","https://openalex.org/W3166392222","https://openalex.org/W4315851592"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"with":[3,146],"the":[4,11,30,57,70],"rapid":[5],"development":[6],"of":[7,14,23,34,49,72,91,126],"new":[8,140],"energy":[9],"vehicles,":[10],"safety":[12],"issues":[13],"lithium-ion":[15,35],"batteries":[16],"have":[17],"attracted":[18],"attentions":[19],"from":[20],"all":[21],"sectors":[22],"society.":[24],"Research":[25],"has":[26],"found":[27],"that":[28,87],"during":[29],"thermal":[31],"runaway":[32],"process":[33],"batteries,":[36],"aerosol":[37,51,64,85,144],"emissions":[38],"usually":[39],"occur":[40],"earlier":[41],"than":[42],"other":[43,134],"gases.":[44],"Accurate":[45],"and":[46,75,96,99,103,111,133],"timely":[47],"measurement":[48],"these":[50],"concentrations":[52],"can":[53],"help":[54],"to":[55,68],"warn":[56],"power":[58],"battery":[59],"pack":[60],"fires.":[61],"However,":[62],"existing":[63],"sensors":[65],"are":[66],"unable":[67],"meet":[69],"requirements":[71],"real-time":[73],"monitoring":[74],"high":[76],"precision.":[77],"This":[78],"article":[79],"proposes":[80],"an":[81],"ionization":[82],"mechanism":[83],"based":[84],"sensor":[86,108,120],"works":[88],"at":[89],"principles":[90],"field":[92,94],"emission,":[93],"charging":[95],"gas":[97],"discharge,":[98],"investigates":[100],"its":[101],"static":[102],"dynamic":[104],"response":[105,131],"characteristics.":[106],"The":[107,119,136],"is":[109],"manufactured":[110],"assembled":[112],"using":[113],"Microelectro":[114],"Mechanical":[115],"Systems":[116],"processing":[117],"technology.":[118],"exhibits":[121],"superior":[122],"performances":[123],"in":[124],"terms":[125],"range,":[127],"sensitivity,":[128],"nonlinearity,":[129],"repeatability,":[130],"time,":[132],"aspects.":[135],"study":[137],"provides":[138],"a":[139],"solution":[141],"for":[142,149],"current":[143],"detection":[145],"great":[147],"potential":[148],"application.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
