{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401809672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","title":"A Novel Waveform Optimization Method for Orthogonal-Frequency Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Radar Based on Dual-Channel Neural Networks","display_name":"A Novel Waveform Optimization Method for Orthogonal-Frequency Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Radar Based on Dual-Channel Neural Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401809672","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39275381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5471/pdf?version=1724418307","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5471/pdf?version=1724418307","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101641557","display_name":"Meng Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-8497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6386-8497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102401451","display_name":"Wenrong Gong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenrong Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103154575","display_name":"Lichao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6015-2573"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lichao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Communication Information Security Control Laboratory, Jiaxing 314033, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Communication Information Security Control Laboratory, Jiaxing 314033, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103154575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":1.3,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8724002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"17","first_page":"5471","last_page":"5471"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7097074389457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7052661180496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.6108892560005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5885157585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5588043332099915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5368765592575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-compression","display_name":"Pulse compression","score":0.49023038148880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.4378434419631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4154318869113922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.41240814328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3971230089664459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3955696225166321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.33073562383651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2424907386302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.15285435318946838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10214927792549133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7097074389457703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7052661180496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.6108892560005188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5885157585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5588043332099915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5368765592575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145995521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639897","display_name":"Pulse compression","level":3,"score":0.49023038148880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.4378434419631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4154318869113922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.41240814328193665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3971230089664459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3955696225166321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33073562383651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2424907386302948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.15285435318946838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10214927792549133}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5471/pdf?version=1724418307","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39275381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39275381","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11397765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11397765","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11397765/pdf/sensors-24-05471.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1038ef291ab246558a4f887b41fc284b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1038ef291ab246558a4f887b41fc284b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 17, p 5471 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/24/17/5471/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24175471","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24175471","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/17/5471/pdf?version=1724418307","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401809672.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018744547","https://openalex.org/W2059210598","https://openalex.org/W2118799287","https://openalex.org/W2129640939","https://openalex.org/W2129961759","https://openalex.org/W2156576615","https://openalex.org/W2164137373","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2299553154","https://openalex.org/W2324740189","https://openalex.org/W2346090635","https://openalex.org/W2549139847","https://openalex.org/W2571065083","https://openalex.org/W2773828237","https://openalex.org/W2809430501","https://openalex.org/W2931790542","https://openalex.org/W2961699889","https://openalex.org/W2962834015","https://openalex.org/W3008976812","https://openalex.org/W3100772943","https://openalex.org/W3115828106","https://openalex.org/W3116555084","https://openalex.org/W3153895306","https://openalex.org/W3184737818","https://openalex.org/W3188936045","https://openalex.org/W3216090071","https://openalex.org/W4220739824","https://openalex.org/W4285066481","https://openalex.org/W4289792798","https://openalex.org/W4293413745","https://openalex.org/W4313150818","https://openalex.org/W4313291203","https://openalex.org/W4383551308","https://openalex.org/W4388519975","https://openalex.org/W4390341790","https://openalex.org/W4392061732","https://openalex.org/W4392746676","https://openalex.org/W4394931517","https://openalex.org/W6805881614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204547643","https://openalex.org/W1497578837","https://openalex.org/W4294892273","https://openalex.org/W4293208944","https://openalex.org/W2355697382","https://openalex.org/W2157434987","https://openalex.org/W2622425222","https://openalex.org/W1497654841","https://openalex.org/W2587688171","https://openalex.org/W2163171661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,144],"orthogonal":[1],"frequency-division":[2],"multiplexing":[3],"(OFDM)":[4],"mode":[5],"with":[6],"a":[7,63,89],"linear":[8],"frequency":[9],"modulation":[10],"(LFM)":[11],"signal":[12],"as":[13],"the":[14,38,53,79,97,102,106,113,117,131,134,138,141,156,160],"baseband":[15],"waveform":[16,65],"has":[17],"been":[18],"widely":[19],"studied":[20],"and":[21,62,88,99,122,137,154],"applied":[22],"in":[23,59,151],"multiple-input":[24],"multiple-output":[25],"(MIMO)":[26],"radar":[27,42],"systems.":[28,43],"However,":[29],"its":[30],"high":[31,56],"sidelobe":[32,57,119,124],"levels":[33,58,120,125],"after":[34],"pulse":[35,152],"compression":[36,153],"affect":[37],"target":[39],"detection":[40,157],"of":[41,55,101,116,133,140,159],"For":[44],"this":[45],"paper,":[46],"theoretical":[47,135],"analysis":[48,136],"was":[49],"performed,":[50],"to":[51,83,95,111],"investigate":[52],"causes":[54],"OFDM-LFM":[60,103,146],"waveforms,":[61],"novel":[64],"optimization":[66,107,114],"design":[67,96],"method":[68,77],"based":[69],"on":[70],"deep":[71],"neural":[72,86],"networks":[73],"is":[74,93,109],"proposed.":[75],"This":[76],"utilizes":[78],"classic":[80],"ResNeXt":[81],"network":[82],"construct":[84],"dual-channel":[85],"networks,":[87],"new":[90],"loss":[91],"function":[92],"employed":[94],"phase":[98],"bandwidth":[100],"waveforms.":[104],"Meanwhile,":[105],"factor":[108],"exploited,":[110],"address":[112],"problem":[115],"peak":[118],"(PSLs)":[121],"integral":[123],"(ISLs).":[126],"Our":[127],"numerical":[128],"results":[129],"verified":[130],"correctness":[132],"effectiveness":[139],"proposed":[142],"method.":[143],"designed":[145],"waveforms":[147],"exhibited":[148],"outstanding":[149],"performance":[150,158],"improved":[155],"radar.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
