{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401511713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165216","title":"Performance Evaluation of Structural Health Monitoring System Applied to Full-Size Composite Wing Spar via Probability of Detection Techniques","display_name":"Performance Evaluation of Structural Health Monitoring System Applied to Full-Size Composite Wing Spar via Probability of Detection Techniques","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401511713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165216","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39204912"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5216/pdf?version=1723463158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5216/pdf?version=1723463158","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026525784","display_name":"Bernardino Galasso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-8053"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802536511","display_name":"Italian Aerospace Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01cqx0m58","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernardino Galasso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-8053","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031765960","display_name":"Monica Ciminello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802536511","display_name":"Italian Aerospace Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01cqx0m58","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monica Ciminello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-1800","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069917629","display_name":"Gianvito Apuleo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3464-2864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164099","display_name":"Piaggio Aerospace (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qfbhd78","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164099"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianvito Apuleo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Division, Piaggio Aerospace Industries (PAI), 20100 Villanova D\u2019Albenga, Italy","Research Division, Piaggio Aerospace Industries (PAI), 20100 Villanova D'Albenga, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Division, Piaggio Aerospace Industries (PAI), 20100 Villanova D\u2019Albenga, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Division, Piaggio Aerospace Industries (PAI), 20100 Villanova D'Albenga, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043952676","display_name":"David Bardenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-3316"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802180913","display_name":"Israel Aerospace Industries (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/04aaeds92","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802180913"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Bardenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Structural Technologies, Engineering Center, Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), Ben Gurion International Airport, Tel Aviv 70100, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Structural Technologies, Engineering Center, Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), Ben Gurion International Airport, Tel Aviv 70100, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802180913"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075627987","display_name":"Antonio Concilio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-147X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802536511","display_name":"Italian Aerospace Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/01cqx0m58","country_code":"IT","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Concilio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-147X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Adaptive Structures Division, The Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA), 81043 Capua, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026525784"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802536511"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":0.3793,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52742087,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"16","first_page":"5216","last_page":"5216"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10534","display_name":"Structural Health Monitoring Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13928","display_name":"Advanced Sensor Technologies Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-health-monitoring","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","score":0.8129165172576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spar","display_name":"Spar","score":0.7111502885818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classification-of-discontinuities","display_name":"Classification of discontinuities","score":0.5908543467521667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.5481423139572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4766324758529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.47034767270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.43807491660118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4130093455314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3562832474708557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776247918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423713","display_name":"Structural health monitoring","level":2,"score":0.8129165172576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374641","display_name":"Spar","level":2,"score":0.7111502885818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15627037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541961","display_name":"Classification of discontinuities","level":2,"score":0.5908543467521667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5481423139572144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4766324758529663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.47034767270088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.43807491660118103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4130093455314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3562832474708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5216/pdf?version=1723463158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39204912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39204912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11359271","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11359271","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11359271/pdf/sensors-24-05216.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:31495cbfaea640ef9f7cf442807ee2f8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/31495cbfaea640ef9f7cf442807ee2f8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 16, p 5216 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165216","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5216/pdf?version=1723463158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401511713.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W646771475","https://openalex.org/W1518925799","https://openalex.org/W2044854792","https://openalex.org/W2072420432","https://openalex.org/W2520792700","https://openalex.org/W2774388251","https://openalex.org/W2895571091","https://openalex.org/W2921046236","https://openalex.org/W2930429674","https://openalex.org/W3035277044","https://openalex.org/W3150964057","https://openalex.org/W3216702182","https://openalex.org/W4200080281","https://openalex.org/W4281821559","https://openalex.org/W4313472169","https://openalex.org/W6727198678"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2033512842","https://openalex.org/W4322734194","https://openalex.org/W4233600955","https://openalex.org/W2913665393","https://openalex.org/W2369695847","https://openalex.org/W3005535424","https://openalex.org/W2994319598","https://openalex.org/W2047067935","https://openalex.org/W1607054433","https://openalex.org/W2110842462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Probability":[0],"of":[1,8,19,22,61,70,79,155,176,184,195,215,231,252],"detection":[2,71],"(POD)":[3],"is":[4,73,98,149,160,209],"an":[5,80],"acknowledged":[6],"mean":[7],"evaluation":[9],"for":[10,31,47,90,112,242,244],"many":[11,29],"investigations":[12],"aiming":[13],"at":[14,36,109,136,236,256],"detecting":[15,113],"some":[16],"specific":[17,110,193],"property":[18],"a":[20,55,68,85,96,122,192],"subject":[21],"interest.":[23],"For":[24],"instance,":[25],"it":[26],"has":[27],"had":[28],"applications":[30],"Non-Destructive":[32],"Evaluation":[33],"(NDE),":[34],"aimed":[35],"identifying":[37,248],"defects":[38],"within":[39,267],"structural":[40,48],"architectures,":[41],"and":[42,57,130],"can":[43],"easily":[44],"be":[45],"used":[46,150,171],"health":[49],"monitoring":[50],"(SHM)":[51],"systems,":[52],"meant":[53],"as":[54],"compact":[56],"more":[58],"integrated":[59],"evolution":[60],"the":[62,77,106,115,153,174,177,182,185,199,213,216,224,238,249,253,257,268],"former":[63],"technology.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66,232],"paper,":[67],"probability":[69],"analysis":[72,214,246],"performed":[74],"to":[75,84,151,161,172,191,202,222],"estimate":[76],"reliability":[78],"SHM":[81,178,226,243],"system,":[82],"applied":[83],"wing":[86],"box":[87],"composite":[88],"spar":[89],"bonding":[91,245],"line":[92],"quality":[93],"assessment.":[94],"Such":[95],"system":[97,179,227,254],"based":[99],"on":[100,105],"distributed":[101],"fiber":[102],"optics":[103],"deployed":[104],"reference":[107],"component":[108],"locations":[111],"strains;":[114],"attained":[116],"data":[117,169,218],"are":[118,170],"then":[119,210],"processed":[120],"by":[121,146,247],"proprietary":[123],"algorithm":[124],"whose":[125,158],"capability":[126,175],"was":[127],"already":[128],"tested":[129],"reported":[131,262],"in":[132,180],"previous":[133],"works,":[134],"even":[135],"full-scale":[137],"level.":[138],"A":[139],"finite":[140],"element":[141],"(FE)":[142],"model,":[143],"previously":[144],"validated":[145],"experimental":[147],"results,":[148],"simulate":[152],"presence":[154,183],"damage":[156],"areas,":[157],"effect":[159],"modify":[162],"strain":[163],"transfer":[164],"between":[165],"adjacent":[166],"parts.":[167],"Numerical":[168],"verify":[173],"revealing":[181],"modeled":[186],"physical":[187],"discontinuities":[188],"with":[189],"respect":[190],"set":[194],"loads,":[196],"running":[197],"along":[198],"beam":[200],"up":[201],"cover":[203],"its":[204],"complete":[205],"extension.":[206],"The":[207,229,259],"POD":[208],"estimated":[211],"through":[212],"collected":[217],"sets,":[219],"wide":[220],"enough":[221],"assess":[223],"global":[225],"performance.":[228],"results":[230],"study":[233],"eventually":[234],"aim":[235],"improving":[237],"current":[239],"strategies":[240],"adopted":[241],"intimate":[250],"behavior":[251],"assessed":[255],"date.":[258],"activities":[260],"herein":[261],"have":[263],"been":[264],"carried":[265],"out":[266],"RESUME":[269],"project.":[270]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}