{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401512681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165193","title":"Prototyping a Secure and Usable User Authentication Mechanism for Mobile Passenger ID Devices for Land/Sea Border Control","display_name":"Prototyping a Secure and Usable User Authentication Mechanism for Mobile Passenger ID Devices for Land/Sea Border Control","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401512681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165193","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39204888"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5193/pdf?version=1723703491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5193/pdf?version=1723703491","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063042886","display_name":"\u039c\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03ca\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-7190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","display_name":"University of Greenwich","ror":"https://ror.org/00bmj0a71","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]}],"countries":["GB","PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Papaioannou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-7190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016180608","display_name":"Georgios Zachos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-4605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","display_name":"University of Greenwich","ror":"https://ror.org/00bmj0a71","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]}],"countries":["GB","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Zachos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-4605","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041504979","display_name":"\u0393\u03b5\u03ce\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039c\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8074-0417"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","display_name":"University of Greenwich","ror":"https://ror.org/00bmj0a71","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]}],"countries":["GB","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Mantas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090517118","display_name":"Emmanouil Panaousis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","display_name":"University of Greenwich","ror":"https://ror.org/00bmj0a71","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanouil Panaousis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime ME4 4TB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009049685","display_name":"Jonathan Rodriguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8872-8968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I128993996","display_name":"University of South Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/02mzn7s88","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["GB","PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing, Engineering and Science, University of South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I128993996"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063042886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471","https://openalex.org/I55060895"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.6396,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74936157,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"16","first_page":"5193","last_page":"5193"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.722139298915863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.7151604294776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6811002492904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.6514412760734558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.6211861371994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6070072650909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5257017612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.508571982383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4753446578979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34667718410491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.24984616041183472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19488006830215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.14728522300720215}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.722139298915863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.7151604294776917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6811002492904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.6514412760734558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.6211861371994019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6070072650909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5257017612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.508571982383728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4753446578979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34667718410491943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.24984616041183472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19488006830215454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.14728522300720215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5193/pdf?version=1723703491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39204888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39204888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:gala.gre.ac.uk:48619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3830-7190","pdf_url":"http://gala.gre.ac.uk/id/eprint/48619/6/48619%20MANTAS_Prototyping_A_Secure_And_Usable_User_Authentication_Mechanism_For_Mobile_Passenger_ID_%28OA%29_2024.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401244","display_name":"Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I55060895","host_organization_name":"University of Greenwich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55060895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11359662","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11359662","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11359662/pdf/sensors-24-05193.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:87765cdfaf694e58b1ff50b52651dfb0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/87765cdfaf694e58b1ff50b52651dfb0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 16, p 5193 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24165193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24165193","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/16/5193/pdf?version=1723703491","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2229396551","display_name":"User authentication and authorization mechanisms for next generation mobile passenger ID devices for land and sea border control","funder_award_id":"2022.11452.BD","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401512681.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401512681.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554695906","https://openalex.org/W1604169324","https://openalex.org/W1963651427","https://openalex.org/W1963941950","https://openalex.org/W1982112776","https://openalex.org/W2101989918","https://openalex.org/W2132522374","https://openalex.org/W2151940804","https://openalex.org/W2162192698","https://openalex.org/W2280718384","https://openalex.org/W2509774545","https://openalex.org/W2736327398","https://openalex.org/W2747264121","https://openalex.org/W2763543363","https://openalex.org/W2790644461","https://openalex.org/W2792471193","https://openalex.org/W2893857624","https://openalex.org/W2942334416","https://openalex.org/W2962753616","https://openalex.org/W2982615953","https://openalex.org/W3004174466","https://openalex.org/W3006033072","https://openalex.org/W3038214419","https://openalex.org/W3046682076","https://openalex.org/W3093862477","https://openalex.org/W3101932276","https://openalex.org/W3111098190","https://openalex.org/W3118413779","https://openalex.org/W3153530325","https://openalex.org/W3197878201","https://openalex.org/W3209306758","https://openalex.org/W4226109821","https://openalex.org/W4226525886","https://openalex.org/W4232546416","https://openalex.org/W4283380693","https://openalex.org/W4311214658","https://openalex.org/W4311416374","https://openalex.org/W4312613760","https://openalex.org/W4320029408","https://openalex.org/W4323852656","https://openalex.org/W4380685004","https://openalex.org/W4385192318","https://openalex.org/W4389190993","https://openalex.org/W4392153213","https://openalex.org/W6675433262","https://openalex.org/W6749422771","https://openalex.org/W6789032761","https://openalex.org/W6794311820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381242807","https://openalex.org/W3126131230","https://openalex.org/W2347541121","https://openalex.org/W2080951048","https://openalex.org/W4288804799","https://openalex.org/W3032237421","https://openalex.org/W2390346111","https://openalex.org/W3011883280","https://openalex.org/W2369082698","https://openalex.org/W2401808953"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,31,62,138,146,155,175,178,187,191,206,213,221,226,230],"number":[2],"of":[3,35,64,66,118,177,190,225],"European":[4],"Union":[5],"(EU)":[6],"visitors":[7],"grows,":[8],"implementing":[9],"novel":[10],"border":[11,25,71,100],"control":[12,72],"solutions,":[13],"such":[14,57,67],"as":[15,137,162],"mobile":[16,92,179],"devices":[17,68,95],"for":[18,21,49,91,96,142,181,239],"passenger":[19,93,182],"identification":[20,94],"land":[22,97],"and":[23,33,37,98,120,124,131,201],"sea":[24,99],"control,":[26,101],"becomes":[27],"paramount":[28],"to":[29,53,60,103],"ensure":[30],"convenience":[32],"safety":[34],"passengers":[36],"officers.":[38],"However,":[39],"these":[40],"devices,":[41],"handling":[42],"sensitive":[43],"personal":[44],"data,":[45],"become":[46],"attractive":[47],"targets":[48],"malicious":[50],"actors":[51],"seeking":[52],"misuse":[54],"or":[55],"steal":[56],"data.":[58],"Therefore,":[59],"increase":[61],"level":[63],"security":[65,106],"without":[69,107],"interrupting":[70],"activities,":[73],"robust":[74],"user":[75,88,159],"authentication":[76,89,160],"mechanisms":[77],"are":[78],"essential.":[79],"Toward":[80],"this":[81,111,151],"direction,":[82],"we":[83,113,153,185,219],"propose":[84],"a":[85,115,166],"risk-based":[86,157],"adaptive":[87,158],"mechanism":[90,161,228],"aiming":[102],"enhance":[104],"device":[105,172,180],"hindering":[108],"usability.":[109],"In":[110],"work,":[112,152],"present":[114],"comprehensive":[116],"assessment":[117],"novelty":[119,134,195,234],"outlier":[121],"detection":[122,135,188,196,235],"algorithms":[123,136,197],"discern":[125],"OneClassSVM,":[126,199],"Local":[127],"Outlier":[128],"Factor":[129],"(LOF),":[130],"Bayesian_GaussianMixtureModel":[132],"(B_GMM)":[133],"most":[139],"effective":[140],"ones":[141],"risk":[143,222,240],"estimation":[144,223],"in":[145,150,208],"proposed":[147,156,227],"mechanism.":[148],"Furthermore,":[149],"develop":[154],"an":[163],"application":[164],"on":[165,212],"Raspberry":[167,214],"Pi":[168,215],"4":[169,216],"Model":[170],"B":[171],"(i.e.,":[173,198],"playing":[174],"role":[176],"identification),":[183],"where":[184],"evaluate":[186,220],"performance":[189,209],"three":[192],"best":[193,231],"performing":[194,232],"LOF,":[200],"B_GMM),":[202],"with":[203,245],"B_GMM":[204,233],"surpassing":[205],"others":[207],"when":[210,229],"deployed":[211],"device.":[217],"Finally,":[218],"overhead":[224],"algorithm":[236],"is":[237],"used":[238],"estimation,":[241],"indicating":[242],"efficient":[243],"operation":[244],"minimal":[246],"additional":[247],"latency.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
