{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401018893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154869","title":"Enhancing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Enabled Cognitive Radio Networks for Sixth Generation and Beyond: Performance Analysis and Parameter Optimization","display_name":"Enhancing Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Enabled Cognitive Radio Networks for Sixth Generation and Beyond: Performance Analysis and Parameter Optimization","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401018893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154869","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39123916"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24154869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154869","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/4869/pdf?version=1722330567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/4869/pdf?version=1722330567","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051721351","display_name":"Huu Q. Tran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-4378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202539009","display_name":"Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City","ror":"https://ror.org/03mj71j26","country_code":"VN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202539009"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huu Q. Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electronics Technology (FET), Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7636-4378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electronics Technology (FET), Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202539009"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030860493","display_name":"Byung Moo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-929X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Byung Moo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-929X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030860493"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2598},"fwci":0.7644,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71122192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"15","first_page":"4869","last_page":"4869"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7555257081985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.7443045377731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6595625281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6208512783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.5370771884918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.4766331911087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4646925628185272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.4253317713737488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.41133901476860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3354584276676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.26420795917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1927603781223297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15971529483795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09898841381072998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7555257081985474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.7443045377731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6595625281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6208512783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.5370771884918213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.4766331911087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4646925628185272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4253317713737488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.41133901476860046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3354584276676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.26420795917510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1927603781223297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15971529483795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09898841381072998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24154869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154869","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/4869/pdf?version=1722330567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39123916","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39123916","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11314721","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11314721","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11314721/pdf/sensors-24-04869.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:010edc7dbd3848c7843b89d4dfb72f51","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/010edc7dbd3848c7843b89d4dfb72f51","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 15, p 4869 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24154869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24154869","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/15/4869/pdf?version=1722330567","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3275714405","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3409154254","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2022-00156345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4354295153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4496173857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2023R1A2C1002656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4700831490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4947766579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023R1A2C1002656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6134301490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6925519200","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7129860215","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2023R1A2C1002656","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7335415657","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00156345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G814952420","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2022-00156345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8478463646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RS-2022-00156345","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8879802263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IITP-2024-RS-2024-00437494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","funder_display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324891","display_name":"Iran Telecommunication Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01a3g2z22"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4401018893.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2594728692","https://openalex.org/W2891354184","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2963355537","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3004201425","https://openalex.org/W3009918410","https://openalex.org/W3016325548","https://openalex.org/W3023102341","https://openalex.org/W3027118737","https://openalex.org/W3042281255","https://openalex.org/W3045209834","https://openalex.org/W3094619726","https://openalex.org/W3100536113","https://openalex.org/W3120117232","https://openalex.org/W3134527039","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3159558365","https://openalex.org/W3183850725","https://openalex.org/W3198033558","https://openalex.org/W3203387279","https://openalex.org/W3205171351","https://openalex.org/W4205438146","https://openalex.org/W4285217999","https://openalex.org/W4288063902","https://openalex.org/W4312461449","https://openalex.org/W4312542978","https://openalex.org/W4312641959","https://openalex.org/W4312722017","https://openalex.org/W4313058229","https://openalex.org/W4379805033","https://openalex.org/W4382119393","https://openalex.org/W4383220172","https://openalex.org/W4385800730","https://openalex.org/W4385801491","https://openalex.org/W4385834022","https://openalex.org/W4388505170","https://openalex.org/W4388520025","https://openalex.org/W4388692609","https://openalex.org/W4388739163","https://openalex.org/W4388901849","https://openalex.org/W4389296293","https://openalex.org/W4389961138","https://openalex.org/W6843106182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327053383","https://openalex.org/W2356834760","https://openalex.org/W1964600846","https://openalex.org/W2127563499","https://openalex.org/W2030191005","https://openalex.org/W1865172210","https://openalex.org/W2063322879","https://openalex.org/W2365415733","https://openalex.org/W4200379864","https://openalex.org/W2130267323"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,19,39,144,177],"novel":[6],"system":[7,113,165],"integrating":[8],"reconfigurable":[9],"intelligent":[10],"surfaces":[11],"(RISs)":[12],"with":[13,23,38],"cognitive":[14],"radio":[15],"(CR)":[16],"technology,":[17],"presenting":[18],"forward-looking":[20],"solution":[21],"aligned":[22],"the":[24,48,73,88,91,97,121,136,148,152,156,181],"evolving":[25],"standards":[26],"of":[27,90,99,123,138,158,180],"6G":[28],"and":[29,52,58,102,127,167,191],"beyond":[30],"networks.":[31,197],"The":[32,82,105],"proposed":[33,182],"RIS-assisted":[34,74,111,168,195],"CR":[35,75,112,169,196],"networks":[36],"operate":[37],"base":[40],"station":[41],"(BS)":[42],"transmitting":[43],"signals":[44],"to":[45,118,142],"two":[46],"users,":[47],"primary":[49],"user":[50,54],"(PU)":[51],"secondary":[53],"(SU),":[55],"through":[56,78],"direct":[57],"reflected":[59,100],"signal":[60],"paths,":[61],"respectively.":[62],"Our":[63],"mathematical":[64],"analysis":[65,179],"focuses":[66],"on":[67],"deriving":[68],"expressions":[69],"for":[70,187],"SU":[71],"in":[72,194],"system,":[76,183],"validated":[77],"Monte":[79],"Carlo":[80],"simulations.":[81],"investigation":[83],"covers":[84],"diverse":[85],"aspects,":[86],"including":[87],"impact":[89],"signal-to-noise":[92],"ratio":[93],"(SNR),":[94],"power":[95],"allocations,":[96],"number":[98,122],"surfaces,":[101],"blocklength":[103],"variations.":[104],"results":[106],"provide":[107],"nuanced":[108],"insights":[109,186],"into":[110],"performance,":[114,166],"highlighting":[115],"its":[116],"sensitivity":[117],"factors":[119],"like":[120],"reflectors,":[124,139],"fading":[125],"severity,":[126],"correlation":[128],"coefficient.":[129],"Careful":[130],"parameter":[131,192],"selection,":[132],"such":[133],"as":[134],"optimizing":[135],"configuration":[137,160],"is":[140],"shown":[141],"prevent":[143],"complete":[145],"outage,":[146],"showcasing":[147],"system's":[149],"robustness.":[150],"Additionally,":[151],"work":[153,175],"suggests":[154],"that":[155],"optimization":[157,193],"reflectors":[159],"can":[161],"significantly":[162],"enhance":[163],"overall":[164],"systems":[170],"outperform":[171],"reference":[172],"schemes.":[173],"This":[174],"contributes":[176],"thorough":[178],"offering":[184],"valuable":[185],"efficient":[188],"performance":[189],"evaluation":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}