{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399955301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134105","title":"Energy-Efficient, Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Logic and Quantum Annealing Algorithm","display_name":"Energy-Efficient, Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Using Fuzzy Logic and Quantum Annealing Algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399955301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134105","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39000884"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24134105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4105/pdf?version=1719237669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4105/pdf?version=1719237669","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100396648","display_name":"Hongzhi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5469-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4385474403","display_name":"Changchun University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/052pakb34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongzhi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349873","display_name":"Ke Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-2126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4385474403","display_name":"Changchun University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/052pakb34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075021582","display_name":"Chuhang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-0306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202028630","display_name":"Changchun Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cbhey71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chuhang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083729144","display_name":"Huangshui Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2545-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4385474403","display_name":"Changchun University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/052pakb34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huangshui Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4385474403"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075021582"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202028630"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":10.6222,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98888325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"13","first_page":"4105","last_page":"4105"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9455999732017517,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12222","display_name":"IoT-based Smart Home Systems","score":0.9358999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7266461253166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6959347128868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6244449615478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5628209710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulated-annealing","display_name":"Simulated annealing","score":0.5431723594665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.47745802998542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.46834370493888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4679250717163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4391896426677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3826916813850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.34505826234817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.29844462871551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1725323498249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10207262635231018}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7266461253166199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6959347128868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6244449615478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5628209710121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126980161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863783","display_name":"Simulated annealing","level":2,"score":0.5431723594665527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.47745802998542786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.46834370493888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4679250717163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4391896426677704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3826916813850403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.34505826234817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.29844462871551514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1725323498249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10207262635231018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24134105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4105/pdf?version=1719237669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39000884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39000884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11244538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11244538","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11244538/pdf/sensors-24-04105.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f1b0535ef9df4026bc4cf345823cfa8a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f1b0535ef9df4026bc4cf345823cfa8a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 13, p 4105 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24134105","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134105","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4105/pdf?version=1719237669","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399955301.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981119652","https://openalex.org/W2000284002","https://openalex.org/W2003291739","https://openalex.org/W2094756709","https://openalex.org/W2120636838","https://openalex.org/W2144253648","https://openalex.org/W2219395474","https://openalex.org/W2387459479","https://openalex.org/W2522297248","https://openalex.org/W2619624888","https://openalex.org/W2750232680","https://openalex.org/W2753121224","https://openalex.org/W2770208961","https://openalex.org/W2777285896","https://openalex.org/W2804037537","https://openalex.org/W2943986432","https://openalex.org/W2973072510","https://openalex.org/W2999499494","https://openalex.org/W3002162903","https://openalex.org/W3014923271","https://openalex.org/W3036040029","https://openalex.org/W3091909306","https://openalex.org/W3093737639","https://openalex.org/W3099977377","https://openalex.org/W3104942346","https://openalex.org/W3154154704","https://openalex.org/W3156896974","https://openalex.org/W3190575253","https://openalex.org/W4220935404","https://openalex.org/W4280628404","https://openalex.org/W4288075680","https://openalex.org/W4289528227","https://openalex.org/W4294997340","https://openalex.org/W4297903105","https://openalex.org/W4318814405","https://openalex.org/W4367835785","https://openalex.org/W4376868792","https://openalex.org/W4384461116","https://openalex.org/W4386954333","https://openalex.org/W4388273743","https://openalex.org/W4392710559","https://openalex.org/W6841154397","https://openalex.org/W6852985362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067147118","https://openalex.org/W2500106866","https://openalex.org/W2392013129","https://openalex.org/W2025427163","https://openalex.org/W2113777112","https://openalex.org/W1975451135","https://openalex.org/W2884994975","https://openalex.org/W4391129181","https://openalex.org/W2111773953","https://openalex.org/W2545824446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,75,152],"main":[1],"limitation":[2],"of":[3,19,47,68,142,168],"wireless":[4],"sensor":[5],"networks":[6],"(WSNs)":[7],"lies":[8],"in":[9,30,122,162,189],"their":[10],"reliance":[11],"on":[12],"battery":[13],"power.":[14],"Therefore,":[15],"the":[16,20,39,66,69,90,95,101,105,108,143,148,166,179,182,186],"primary":[17],"focus":[18],"current":[21],"research":[22],"is":[23,62],"to":[24,27,64,83,99,118,124,138,178],"determine":[25],"how":[26],"transmit":[28],"data":[29],"a":[31,45,48,53,78],"rational":[32],"and":[33,52,58,71,107,150,160,175],"efficient":[34],"way":[35],"while":[36],"simultaneously":[37],"extending":[38],"network's":[40],"lifespan.":[41],"In":[42,89],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"hybrid":[46],"fuzzy":[49,79],"logic":[50],"system":[51,81],"quantum":[54,96],"annealing":[55,97],"algorithm-based":[56],"clustering":[57],"routing":[59,91],"protocol":[60,76],"(FQA)":[61],"proposed":[63],"improve":[65],"stability":[67],"network":[70,173],"minimize":[72],"energy":[73,116,169],"consumption.":[74],"uses":[77],"inference":[80],"(FIS)":[82],"select":[84,100],"appropriate":[85],"cluster":[86],"heads":[87],"(CHs).":[88],"phase,":[92],"we":[93,113,132],"used":[94],"algorithm":[98],"optimal":[102],"route":[103],"from":[104,165],"CHs":[106,121],"base":[109],"station":[110],"(BS).":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"defined":[114],"an":[115,134],"threshold":[117],"filter":[119],"candidate":[120],"order":[123],"save":[125],"computation":[126,149],"time.":[127],"Unlike":[128],"with":[129,156],"periodic":[130],"clustering,":[131],"adopted":[133],"on-demand":[135],"re-clustering":[136],"mechanism":[137],"perform":[139],"global":[140],"maintenance":[141],"network,":[144],"thereby":[145],"effectively":[146],"reducing":[147],"overhead.":[151],"FQA":[153,183],"was":[154],"compared":[155],"FRNSEER,":[157],"BOA-ACO,":[158],"OAFS-IMFO,":[159],"FC-RBAT":[161],"different":[163],"scenarios":[164],"perspective":[167],"consumption,":[170],"alive":[171],"nodes,":[172],"lifetime,":[174],"throughput.":[176],"According":[177],"simulation":[180],"results,":[181],"outperformed":[184],"all":[185,190],"other":[187],"methods":[188],"scenarios.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
