{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399074768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","title":"Systematic Review of Emotion Detection with Computer Vision and Deep Learning","display_name":"Systematic Review of Emotion Detection with Computer Vision and Deep Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399074768","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38894274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/11/3484/pdf?version=1716900175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/11/3484/pdf?version=1716900175","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087755703","display_name":"Rafael Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-7253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-7253","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047324388","display_name":"Carla Mendes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7138-7124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carla Mendes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7138-7124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026169848","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ribeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-9296"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-9296","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018862666","display_name":"Roberto Ribeiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-4674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Ribeiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1547-4674","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077859556","display_name":"Rolando Miragaia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-9302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolando Miragaia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4213-9302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086286704","display_name":"Nuno M. M. Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-1017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9536-1017","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043113651","display_name":"Nuno Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-369X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2353-369X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063277386","display_name":"\u00c1nt\u00f3nio Pereira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-1241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169427155","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Leiria","ror":"https://ror.org/010dvvh94","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103604","display_name":"Instituto de Novas Tecnologias","ror":"https://ror.org/00we1pa83","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103604","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125590","display_name":"Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers","ror":"https://ror.org/033wn8m60","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Pereira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","INOV INESC Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of New Technologies, Leiria Office, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5062-1241","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Communications Research Centre, School of Technology and Management, Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"INOV INESC Inova\u00e7\u00e3o, Institute of New Technologies, Leiria Office, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103604","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063277386"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169427155","https://openalex.org/I4210103604","https://openalex.org/I4210125590"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2673},"fwci":5.995,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98014888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"11","first_page":"3484","last_page":"3484"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7291988134384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7039679288864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6405431628227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic review","score":0.5954360365867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5733861327171326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5312530398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.5291904211044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48542436957359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.4554545283317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.41750478744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3735957145690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.09058600664138794}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7291988134384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7039679288864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6405431628227234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.5954360365867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5733861327171326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5312530398368835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5291904211044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48542436957359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4554545283317566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.41750478744506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3735957145690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.09058600664138794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005149","descriptor_name":"Facial Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/11/3484/pdf?version=1716900175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38894274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38894274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:11175284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/11175284","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11175284/pdf/sensors-24-03484.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:50e7d775a0134e4b86ee3319d512919a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/50e7d775a0134e4b86ee3319d512919a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors, Vol 24, Iss 11, p 3484 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iconline.ipleiria.pt:10400.8/9898","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.8/9898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1424-8220/24/11/3484/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/s24113484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113484","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/11/3484/pdf?version=1716900175","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S101949793","display_name":"Sensors","issn_l":"1424-8220","issn":["1424-8220"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sensors","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8296058214","display_name":"Research Center in Informatics and Communications","funder_award_id":"UIDB/04524/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399074768.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":148,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1972740621","https://openalex.org/W1983014650","https://openalex.org/W1989041217","https://openalex.org/W1997060370","https://openalex.org/W2006426145","https://openalex.org/W2037664399","https://openalex.org/W2041649634","https://openalex.org/W2047508432","https://openalex.org/W2056591378","https://openalex.org/W2071954570","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2113977317","https://openalex.org/W2123730785","https://openalex.org/W2142385019","https://openalex.org/W2143993797","https://openalex.org/W2155268664","https://openalex.org/W2156503193","https://openalex.org/W2164471543","https://openalex.org/W2195207531","https://openalex.org/W2283222979","https://openalex.org/W2319659983","https://openalex.org/W2328254514","https://openalex.org/W2406223855","https://openalex.org/W2506506742","https://openalex.org/W2538626945","https://openalex.org/W2550222318","https://openalex.org/W2571743746","https://openalex.org/W2738672149","https://openalex.org/W2740693122","https://openalex.org/W2740966010","https://openalex.org/W2742822919","https://openalex.org/W2744909235","https://openalex.org/W2745497104","https://openalex.org/W2752670651","https://openalex.org/W2755860313","https://openalex.org/W2767915528","https://openalex.org/W2779656294","https://openalex.org/W2786055572","https://openalex.org/W2790342539","https://openalex.org/W2792191740","https://openalex.org/W2792647425","https://openalex.org/W2793980118","https://openalex.org/W2829851933","https://openalex.org/W2883486536","https://openalex.org/W2887280559","https://openalex.org/W2889732568","https://openalex.org/W2893475603","https://openalex.org/W2894451965","https://openalex.org/W2904311985","https://openalex.org/W2910121883","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2942718523","https://openalex.org/W2946410230","https://openalex.org/W2948461581","https://openalex.org/W2952602176","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2961760817","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963452792","https://openalex.org/W2967663220","https://openalex.org/W2985108241","https://openalex.org/W2991306121","https://openalex.org/W2991487804","https://openalex.org/W3003759162","https://openalex.org/W3008425820","https://openalex.org/W3018807068","https://openalex.org/W3021995521","https://openalex.org/W3084337662","https://openalex.org/W3089766630","https://openalex.org/W3089923070","https://openalex.org/W3100321043","https://openalex.org/W3104736546","https://openalex.org/W3111398917","https://openalex.org/W3111984990","https://openalex.org/W3113736080","https://openalex.org/W3119833370","https://openalex.org/W3120801779","https://openalex.org/W3122081138","https://openalex.org/W3123893780","https://openalex.org/W3128711965","https://openalex.org/W3129458182","https://openalex.org/W3134059694","https://openalex.org/W3154457442","https://openalex.org/W3160736272","https://openalex.org/W3164859137","https://openalex.org/W3169140493","https://openalex.org/W3170118980","https://openalex.org/W3171200575","https://openalex.org/W3176923149","https://openalex.org/W3186146740","https://openalex.org/W3186871437","https://openalex.org/W3186986943","https://openalex.org/W3194570764","https://openalex.org/W3195230602","https://openalex.org/W3206715694","https://openalex.org/W3208297731","https://openalex.org/W3209058072","https://openalex.org/W3210812086","https://openalex.org/W3211240005","https://openalex.org/W3212278476","https://openalex.org/W4205129197","https://openalex.org/W4205785225","https://openalex.org/W4206706211","https://openalex.org/W4210927077","https://openalex.org/W4220732847","https://openalex.org/W4220924729","https://openalex.org/W4221009454","https://openalex.org/W4221027918","https://openalex.org/W4225115505","https://openalex.org/W4225959162","https://openalex.org/W4229056557","https://openalex.org/W4233973055","https://openalex.org/W4255415193","https://openalex.org/W4280530517","https://openalex.org/W4280572954","https://openalex.org/W4283364385","https://openalex.org/W4283722068","https://openalex.org/W4285143708","https://openalex.org/W4287735919","https://openalex.org/W4288802276","https://openalex.org/W4299518610","https://openalex.org/W4308233873","https://openalex.org/W4309324119","https://openalex.org/W4309886279","https://openalex.org/W4312285896","https://openalex.org/W4313646621","https://openalex.org/W4317104075","https://openalex.org/W4362513634","https://openalex.org/W4363676998","https://openalex.org/W4366549824","https://openalex.org/W4380684292","https://openalex.org/W4384937936","https://openalex.org/W4385342469","https://openalex.org/W4385423423","https://openalex.org/W4385606472","https://openalex.org/W4385737717","https://openalex.org/W4386590930","https://openalex.org/W4387019970","https://openalex.org/W4387022368","https://openalex.org/W4387028178","https://openalex.org/W6682132143","https://openalex.org/W6762900718","https://openalex.org/W6766576792","https://openalex.org/W6782008563","https://openalex.org/W6783023440","https://openalex.org/W6856571081","https://openalex.org/W6856920320"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293226380","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W4312417841","https://openalex.org/W3193565141","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3029198973"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emotion":[0],"recognition":[1,47,108,220],"has":[2],"become":[3],"increasingly":[4],"important":[5,202],"in":[6,26,150,177,184],"the":[7,78,83,85,89,126,134,137,143,172,178,185,204],"field":[8],"of":[9,42,82,94,103,128,148,211],"Deep":[10],"Learning":[11],"(DL)":[12],"and":[13,32,44,50,54,68,80,88,105,112,142,167,188,216,224,234],"computer":[14,51,113,213],"vision":[15,214],"due":[16],"to":[17,98,203,229],"its":[18,231],"broad":[19],"applicability":[20],"by":[21],"using":[22,48,109],"human-computer":[23],"interaction":[24],"(HCI)":[25],"areas":[27],"such":[28],"as":[29],"psychology,":[30],"healthcare,":[31],"entertainment.":[33],"In":[34],"this":[35,95,196],"paper,":[36],"we":[37],"conduct":[38,99],"a":[39,100,121],"systematic":[40,101],"review":[41,73,102,152,207],"facial":[43,104,222],"pose":[45,106],"emotion":[46,107,132,219],"DL":[49,110,140],"vision,":[52],"analyzing":[53],"evaluating":[55],"77":[56],"papers":[57],"from":[58],"different":[59],"sources":[60],"under":[61],"Preferred":[62],"Reporting":[63],"Items":[64],"for":[65,131,218],"Systematic":[66],"Reviews":[67],"Meta-Analyses":[69],"(PRISMA)":[70],"guidelines.":[71],"Our":[72],"covers":[74],"several":[75],"topics,":[76],"including":[77],"scope":[79,93],"purpose":[81],"studies,":[84,180],"methods":[86,111,149],"employed,":[87],"used":[90,130,175],"datasets.":[91],"The":[92,115,146],"work":[96],"is":[97],"vision.":[114],"studies":[116],"were":[117],"categorized":[118,194],"based":[119],"on":[120],"proposed":[122],"taxonomy":[123,147],"that":[124],"describes":[125],"type":[127],"expressions":[129,223],"detection,":[133],"testing":[135],"environment,":[136],"currently":[138],"relevant":[139],"methods,":[141],"datasets":[144,217],"used.":[145],"our":[151],"includes":[153],"Convolutional":[154,160],"Neural":[155,161],"Network":[156,162],"(CNN),":[157],"Faster":[158],"Region-based":[159],"(R-CNN),":[163],"Vision":[164],"Transformer":[165],"(ViT),":[166],"\"Other":[168],"NNs\",":[169],"which":[170],"are":[171,191,200],"most":[173],"commonly":[174],"models":[176,190],"analyzed":[179],"indicating":[181],"their":[182],"trendiness":[183],"field.":[186,205],"Hybrid":[187],"augmented":[189],"not":[192],"explicitly":[193],"within":[195],"taxonomy,":[197],"but":[198],"they":[199],"still":[201],"This":[206],"offers":[208],"an":[209],"understanding":[210],"state-of-the-art":[212],"algorithms":[215],"through":[221],"body":[225],"poses,":[226],"allowing":[227],"researchers":[228],"understand":[230],"fundamental":[232],"components":[233],"trends.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}